Russell Standish wrote:

> Modus ponens is only a formal manipulation of symbols, with no semantic
> content.
>


​I agree.​


Stathis Papaioannou
​ Wrote:​


This is an argument John Searle has made.
>

​Unfortunately yes.​



> The problem is, the brain can also be described as manipulating symbols
> with no semantic content
>

​Yes.​


> ​> ​
> so where does semantic content come from?
>

​From examples in the physical world. You can give as many botanical
definitions of the word  "tree" as you want but it will just be a word
defined by other words that are themselves defined by yet more words that
are.... If you tried to dig for meaning all you'd find is a endless loop,
it would just be a game where words are manipulated according to the rules
of botany until somebody forgot about definitions and pointed to the ​ASCII
string "t-r-e-e" and then pointed to a large photosynthesizing organism
made largely of cellulose that exists in the physical world. Then even a
martian would notice a correspondence between this game of manipulating
symbols called "botany" that humans had invented and the way these large
photosynthesizing organism made largely of cellulose live.

 John K Clark

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