On Saturday, December 9, 2017 at 9:22:35 PM UTC, Lawrence Crowell wrote:
>
> On Saturday, December 9, 2017 at 2:38:49 PM UTC-6, Brent wrote:
>>
>>
>>
>> On 12/9/2017 10:38 AM, [email protected] wrote: 
>> > But you don't know which part of the shift of the H is due to 
>> > cosmological expansion, so that's why the method I described seems 
>> > necessary. You must estimate how much is due to expansion alone via 
>> > distance knowledge and Hubble's law, and then calculate the difference 
>> > between the total H red shift and what expansion would give in the 
>> > absence of Doppler, to get the actual Doppler shift. AG 
>>
>> It's all Doppler shift, you are apparently worrying about peculiar 
>> velocities of galaxies as would be measured by astronmers in the galaxy 
>> relative to the CMB.  These may be of interest but they are at the level 
>> of a small noise on top of the Doppler due to expansion of the universe. 
>>
>> Brent 
>>
>
> The relative motions of galaxies is only important for an observer for 
> nearby galaxies. The Andromeda galaxy is actually approaching the Mikly 
> Way, where the two will mash up in about 4 billion years. Most relative 
> motion of galaxies is orbital motion in galaxy clusters that is on the 
> order of a few hundred kilometers per second. This is important for the 
> local group and to some extend the Virgo group, of which the local group is 
> a sort of subgroup. However, here z ~ .01 which is pretty small. For larger 
> z galaxies or clusters the relative motions of galaxies is negligible. 
>

I know. I was just trying to distinguish the two forms of Doppler and how 
they can be individually measured and/or calculated. Yes, it's all Doppler 
as Brent says. AG 

>
> LC
>

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