Re: Request free live CD

[Thomas Schmitt]

Hi,

Celejar wrote:
> Why is there an assumption that people will gladly
> donate of their time to help others, but not their money?

Let me quote from a classic british play:

  The Doctor:   "Do i pay you ? I should give you a raise."
  Clara Oswald: "You're not my boss, you're my hobby."


Have a nice day :)

Thomas

Re: Unable to boot UEFI laptop from Debian 11 Live USB stick

[Thomas Schmitt]

Hi,

Flacusbigotis wrote:
> The laptop is no more than two years old and it has an Intel Core i3-1005G1
> processor.
> Also, I checked the USB stick and it only has the 32-bit EFI program in the
> EFI boot folder.

In this case you probably got an "i386" ISO image for 32-bit systems.

Try one of the "amd64" ISOs at
  https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current-live/amd64/iso-hybrid/

Their EFI partition is supposed to contain
  /efi/boot/bootx64.efi
(I have debian-live-11.1.0-amd64-xfce.iso here and expect no change in
the newer 11.2.0 ISO.)


Have a nice day :)

Thomas

Re: Request free live CD

[tomas]

On Thu, Feb 10, 2022 at 08:05:32PM -0500, Celejar wrote:
> On Thu, 10 Feb 2022 16:47:18 +0100
>  wrote:
> 
> > On Thu, Feb 10, 2022 at 03:05:26PM +0100, Dozzyjean Dozie wrote:
> > > Please I will be very much interested to get a live CD from you, please
> > > what are the prerequisites that are needed to be archived this request 
> > > free
> > > cd for free from you.
> > 
> > See here:
> > 
> >   https://www.debian.org/CD/free-linux-cd
> > 
> > Since burning a CD and putting into the mail costs money, you can't
> > expect someone doing it for you. In the above page it is explained
> 
> I'm genuinely curious about this: time and money are both scarce and
> precious resources. Why is there an assumption that people will gladly
> donate of their time to help others, but not their money? Is it because
> the assumption is that the person asking for help should just spend
> his own money, but may not be able to solve his problem by spending his
> own time?

I can answer that only for myself: currently I've more decision power
over my time than over my money. Were this the other way around, I might
decide the other way around, too :-)

Cheers
-- 
t


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Re: ISS is running GNU Linux Debian :)

[tomas]

On Thu, Feb 10, 2022 at 10:45:42PM +, Wookey wrote:
> On 2022-02-10 21:39 +0100, dude wrote:
> >  International Space Station adopts Debian Linux, drops Windows & Red Hat 
> > into
> >   airlock X-D
> > 
> >
> > https://www.computerweekly.com/blog/Open-Source-Insider/International-Space-Station-adopts-Debian-Linux-drops-Windows-Red-Hat-into-airlock
> 
> Or at least was in 2013/4.

A bit newer (2016), but by far not current:

  
https://space.stackexchange.com/questions/13539/which-operating-systems-is-the-international-space-station-running

(The nice part about this internet thing is that there are search
engines -- no, not Google, use that other one ;-)

The answer is, as always, more nuanced. The question "which OS is the
ISS running" is so naïve as the question "which kind of cell is your
organism made of". Well, duh, many kinds, of course :-)

The ISS is up there since 1998. Computers have changed a bit since
then. And then, you have life support systems, steering and navigation,
tons of scientific instruments and yes, probably entertainment, too.

Cheers
-- 
t


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Re: ISS is running GNU Linux Debian :)

[Devops PK Carlisle LLC]

On 2/10/22 3:39 PM, dude wrote:
> 
>   International Space Station adopts Debian Linux, drops Windows & Red
>   Hat into airlock X-D
> 
> https://www.computerweekly.com/blog/Open-Source-Insider/International-Space-Station-adopts-Debian-Linux-drops-Windows-Red-Hat-into-airlock
> 
> 
> Boldly Going, Running Linux in Space" - Sam Bishop (LCA 2022 Online)
> 
> as seen on https://ytpak.net/watch?v=G1fOZr9v2lY
> 
> #NOICE! ✌️😎👍⭐🍻
> 
> GO DEBIAN GO! (to Mars and beyond!)
> 
It IS noice. I know change is inevitable, yada, yada... I ran Centos 5
and 6 for around 10 years and thought I had found the One. I could make
those suckers tap dance around Windows. Centos 7 went totally off the
rails, and here I be.

Don't forget...

Re: addendum, Re: One-user system.

[Charles Curley]

On Thu, 10 Feb 2022 22:27:22 -0500
Greg Wooledge  wrote:

> In the more usual scenario, you have started X as peter, and then used
> su to become root.  It is precisely at this point where the X auth
> token has become lost, as it's in the home directory of peter, not
> the home directory of root.  If peter's home directory is on a local
> file system, then root can probably read it.  In that case, you can
> simply do:
> 
> export XAUTHORITY=/home/peter/.Xauthority

Interesting. I routinely log in as my non-root user, charles, and then
'su -', which gets me a root shell. I can then run X programs just
fine. So your comment above got me curious.

charles@jhegaala:~/Desktop$ su -
Password: 

Today is Sweetmorn, the 41st of Chaos, 3188. Lies and slander, sire! 
root@jhegaala:~# echo $XAUTHORITY 
/home/charles/.Xauthority
root@jhegaala:~# 

So I expect that something has already done the export for me, and it
is unnecessary.

-- 
Does anybody read signatures any more?

https://charlescurley.com
https://charlescurley.com/blog/

Re: addendum, Re: One-user system.

[Greg Wooledge]

On Thu, Feb 10, 2022 at 06:37:04PM -0800, pe...@easthope.ca wrote:
> root@joule:~# su peter
> peter@joule:~$ firefox-esr --display=:0
> Invalid MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 keyUnable to init server: Could not connect: 
> Connection refused
> Error: cannot open display: :0
> 
> peter, logged in directly, can run firefox.
> root, logged in directly, can run firefox.
> The above is from a security mechanism in firefox?

No, you simply haven't provided enough credentials to the X server.
It's the X server who's rejecting connections from "peter", because
"peter" has not presented the correct MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE (auth token).

In all honesty, if you have started X as root, my advice at this point
would be to get the HELL out of that X session.  Do not try to proceed.
Nothing good can result.

In the more usual scenario, you have started X as peter, and then used
su to become root.  It is precisely at this point where the X auth token
has become lost, as it's in the home directory of peter, not the home
directory of root.  If peter's home directory is on a local file system,
then root can probably read it.  In that case, you can simply do:

export XAUTHORITY=/home/peter/.Xauthority

And then the su session running as root will be able to authenticate to
peter's X server/session in order to run X clients.  (This doesn't mean
you should run firefox as root, though.  It just means you *can*.  You
have the literal authority to do so.  It's still a stupidly bad idea.)

addendum, Re: One-user system.

[peter]

From: David Wright 
Date: Wed, 2 Feb 2022 11:08:28 -0600
Message-Id: 

> You may hit snags. Some programs might refuse to run, or do
> strange things because they're written to distinguish between
> root and an ordinary user.

After 5+ days, hit one snag.  

root@joule:~# su peter
peter@joule:~$ firefox-esr --display=:0
Invalid MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 keyUnable to init server: Could not connect: 
Connection refused
Error: cannot open display: :0

peter, logged in directly, can run firefox.
root, logged in directly, can run firefox.
The above is from a security mechanism in firefox?

> Rather than link /root to /home/root probably better to edit 
> /etc/passwd to have root homed at /home/root. 

Works.

From: pe...@easthope.ca
Date: Fri, 04 Feb 2022 21:41:24 -0800
> Rather than reinvent the wheel, I should use a product of extensive 
> development.
> http://wikka.puppylinux.com/DebianDog
> https://github.com/DebianDog/

Nicely polished systems.  Most variants have graphics I don't need.
DebianDog has "Porteus booting", another layer of complexity.   For now 
will stick to plain Debian and log in as root unless my ordinary 
account is needed.

Links to downloads, in case someone wants to try DebianDog.
https://debiandog.github.io/doglinux/

Installation instructions here.
https://debiandog.github.io/MakeLive/isodata/Examples-boot-codes.txt

Regards,... P.

-- 
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   48.7693 N 123.3053 W

Re: Stalled system shutdown

[Flacusbigotis]

Just a question to help you start troubleshooting:

Does the shutdown finish quickly/quicker if you first stop the ntopng
systemd service manually before doing the full shutdown?

On Thu, Feb 10, 2022, 5:59 PM José Luis González  wrote:

> Hi,
>
> When shutting down, after upgrading to Debian 11, system shutdown hangs
> (freezes) for some time (about 1-2 minutes) anytime, making it
> bothersome to shut the system down.
>
> The freeze happens afther the "Stopped target remote filesystems"
> status line. After a while "A stop job is running for ntopng" is
> printed with an "in progress" status in red and a timeout of 1 minute
> 30 seconds, which is exhausted. So everyt time I shut down I get a 1
> minute and 30 seconds delay.
>
> Anyone can help, please?
>
>

Re: solid state storage device with USB type-A plug for use as OS drive (was Re: Installation "Bullseye")

[David Christensen]

On 2/10/22 04:28, Anssi Saari wrote:

David Christensen  writes:


I am looking for a small (~16 GB), low power, high-endurance,
solid-state storage device with a USB 1.0/1.1/2.0/3.0+ type-A plug,
powered by a USB 1.0/1.1/2.0/3.0+ type-A receptacle, which is designed
to be used as a system drive.  I would use it to install and run
commercial and FOSS OS's (Windows, macOS, Debian and FreeBSD) on
SBC's, laptops, tablets, desktops, workstations, servers, etc..


I don't know if it's relevant to your case but when I wanted a USB SSD a
few years ago, I just bought a case from eBay I think. Brand was "JEYI"
and they advertized the control chip used and TRIM support right in the
subject.

The case is a little wider than a usual USB memory sticks and takes
standard m.2 SSDs. Only the smaller physical sizes though, I think 2240
and 2232 which aren't that common any more. But back then Sandisk 2240
120 GB SSDs were common and it's still going strong.

These days looks like the 2280 form factor dominates and 120 GB is the
cheapest size. Smaller ones are around, both physical and capacity but
they cost more. Oh and JEYI still makes USB adapter cases for m.2 SSDs.



Okay.


David

Re: solid state storage device with USB type-A plug for use as OS drive (was Re: Installation "Bullseye")

[David Christensen]

On 2/10/22 02:12, gene heskett wrote:


On Wed, Feb 09, 2022 at 06:50:49PM -0800, David Christensen wrote:



I am looking for a small (~16 GB), low power, high-endurance,
solid-state storage device with a USB 1.0/1.1/2.0/3.0+ type-A plug,
powered by a USB 1.0/1.1/2.0/3.0+ type-A receptacle, which is
designed to be used as a system drive.  I would use it to install
and run commercial and FOSS OS's (Windows, macOS, Debian and
FreeBSD) on SBC's, laptops, tablets, desktops, workstations,
servers, etc..



As an alternative, StarTech makes two USB to sata adapter/ cables.  I
need to do more search to see if my SSD's are compatible:

https://www.startech.com/en-us/hdd/usb3s2sat3cb


I think its this one or maybe a predesessor that I have 2 of plugged into
my rpi4, used as a kernel and LinuxCNC development system with a total of
360G of SSD storage. The pi's swap has been moved to them also. They have
Just Worked now for close to 2 years. Plugged unto the rpi4's usb-3
ports, the speed limit is the pi, not the drives. Either speed tests at
just under 600mbytes/second, on the pi.

Generally, I've found startech stuff to be as advertised, it just works.



Okay.


David

Re: Request free live CD

[Celejar]

On Thu, 10 Feb 2022 20:51:42 -0500
Bijan Soleymani  wrote:

> On 2022-02-10 20:05, Celejar wrote:
> > I'm genuinely curious about this: time and money are both scarce and
> > precious resources. Why is there an assumption that people will gladly
> > donate of their time to help others, but not their money? Is it because
> > the assumption is that the person asking for help should just spend
> > his own money, but may not be able to solve his problem by spending his
> > own time?
> 
> I think this is the distinction between free speech and free beer (two 
> different meanings of the word free in English).
> 
> That is the difference between freedom (no restrictions), and something 
> being gratis (no cost).
> 
> Debian is committed to free software, as in users are free to modify the 
> software, and they have access to the source code.
> 
> Debian is not a charity that provides free hardware to people who need 
> computers.
> 
> Since there is not much cost to distributing software online Debian does 
> so for free (on their servers and through mirrors), but the important 
> goal is that the users who get the software have the freedom to modify it.
> See:
> https://www.debian.org/social_contract#guidelines
> 
> and
> 
> https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.en.html
> 
> (the related point in the Debian Free Software Guidelines that there 
> cannot be a fee required to distribute the software, doesn't mean that 
> one can't charge a fee (for either a CD or download), but rather that 
> one can't put requirements on further redistribution after that)

I do understand and agree with this, but my point was that we (at least
the more helpful of us) on this list are perfectly willing to freely
give of our time to help others, so why would we (at least those of us
fortunate enough to have disposable income to spare) not be willing to
give of our money as well to help others who need it?

Celejar

Re: solid state storage device with USB type-A plug for use as OS drive (was Re: Installation "Bullseye")

[David Christensen]

On 2/10/22 01:37, Andrew M.A. Cater wrote:

On Wed, Feb 09, 2022 at 06:50:49PM -0800, David Christensen wrote:



I am looking for a small (~16 GB), low power, high-endurance, solid-state
storage device with a USB 1.0/1.1/2.0/3.0+ type-A plug, powered by a USB
1.0/1.1/2.0/3.0+ type-A receptacle, which is designed to be used as a system
drive.  I would use it to install and run commercial and FOSS OS's (Windows,
macOS, Debian and FreeBSD) on SBC's, laptops, tablets, desktops,
workstations, servers, etc..




Corsair do a ruggedised USB stick - starts at 16G or 32G if you can find them
  - I think which is USB 3.1
and blazingly fast but expensive. I got the Corsair 128 GB Voyager GTX



The Corsair Flash Voyager® GTX USB 3.1 128GB Premium Flash Drive looks 
like it has SSD performance.  But, I do not see any endurance 
specifications.




What's high-endurance in your terms?



I am unable to find manufacturer specifications to quantify what "high 
endurance" means, but I do own a 128 GB SanDisk High Endurance microSD 
card and that is where I heard the phrase:


https://www.westerndigital.com/products/memory-cards/sandisk-high-endurance-uhs-i-microsd#SDSQQNR-032G-GN6IA


So, another option is to use this SD card with machines that have an 
SDXC port, or to use this SD card with a USB adapter for machines that 
do not.




As an alternative, StarTech makes two USB to sata adapter/ cables.  I need
to do more search to see if my SSD's are compatible:

https://www.startech.com/en-us/hdd/usb3s2sat3cb

https://www.startech.com/en-us/hdd/usb312sat3cb



I think I've got one of these which is running to an old SSD and is alos fine.



Okay.


David

Re: Request free live CD

[Bijan Soleymani]

On 2022-02-10 20:05, Celejar wrote:

I'm genuinely curious about this: time and money are both scarce and
precious resources. Why is there an assumption that people will gladly
donate of their time to help others, but not their money? Is it because
the assumption is that the person asking for help should just spend
his own money, but may not be able to solve his problem by spending his
own time?


I think this is the distinction between free speech and free beer (two 
different meanings of the word free in English).


That is the difference between freedom (no restrictions), and something 
being gratis (no cost).


Debian is committed to free software, as in users are free to modify the 
software, and they have access to the source code.


Debian is not a charity that provides free hardware to people who need 
computers.


Since there is not much cost to distributing software online Debian does 
so for free (on their servers and through mirrors), but the important 
goal is that the users who get the software have the freedom to modify it.

See:
https://www.debian.org/social_contract#guidelines

and

https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.en.html

(the related point in the Debian Free Software Guidelines that there 
cannot be a fee required to distribute the software, doesn't mean that 
one can't charge a fee (for either a CD or download), but rather that 
one can't put requirements on further redistribution after that)


Bijan

Re: Unable to boot UEFI laptop from Debian 11 Live USB stick

[Flacusbigotis]

Thomas and Andrew, thanks for your reply.


The laptop is no more than two years old and it has an Intel Core i3-1005G1
processor.
Also, I checked the USB stick and it only has the 32-bit EFI program in the
EFI boot folder.

I assume based on what Andrew said that maybe the UEFI needs to be 64-bit.
I guess I will take the thread to the debian-live mailing list and ask why
there is no 64-bit UEFI program and their plans to add one.

On Tue, Feb 8, 2022 at 5:18 AM Thomas Schmitt  wrote:

> Hi,
>
> Andrew M.A. Cater wrote:
> > I had a similar issue the other day with an old Intel Baytrail
> > notebook where the UEFI is 32 bit and the processor is 64 bit - using a
> > Debian multi-arch installer worked. I used the one with firmware.
>
> This would match the observation that Knoppix 9.1 works.
> I have Knoppix 9.0 and  9.2 ISOs. On both the EFI partition has start
> programs for 64 bit and for 32 bit:
>   /mnt/fat/efi/boot/BOOTIA32.efi
>   /mnt/fat/efi/boot/BOOTX64.efi
>
>
> Have a nice day :)
>
> Thomas
>
>

Re: Request free live CD

[fxkl47BF]

On Thu, 10 Feb 2022, Celejar wrote:

> On Thu, 10 Feb 2022 16:47:18 +0100
>  wrote:
>
>> On Thu, Feb 10, 2022 at 03:05:26PM +0100, Dozzyjean Dozie wrote:
>>> Please I will be very much interested to get a live CD from you, please
>>> what are the prerequisites that are needed to be archived this request free
>>> cd for free from you.
>>
>> See here:
>>
>>   https://www.debian.org/CD/free-linux-cd
>>
>> Since burning a CD and putting into the mail costs money, you can't
>> expect someone doing it for you. In the above page it is explained
>
> I'm genuinely curious about this: time and money are both scarce and
> precious resources. Why is there an assumption that people will gladly
> donate of their time to help others, but not their money? Is it because
> the assumption is that the person asking for help should just spend
> his own money, but may not be able to solve his problem by spending his
> own time?
>
> Celejar
>

What 

Re: Request free live CD

[Celejar]

On Thu, 10 Feb 2022 16:47:18 +0100
 wrote:

> On Thu, Feb 10, 2022 at 03:05:26PM +0100, Dozzyjean Dozie wrote:
> > Please I will be very much interested to get a live CD from you, please
> > what are the prerequisites that are needed to be archived this request free
> > cd for free from you.
> 
> See here:
> 
>   https://www.debian.org/CD/free-linux-cd
> 
> Since burning a CD and putting into the mail costs money, you can't
> expect someone doing it for you. In the above page it is explained

I'm genuinely curious about this: time and money are both scarce and
precious resources. Why is there an assumption that people will gladly
donate of their time to help others, but not their money? Is it because
the assumption is that the person asking for help should just spend
his own money, but may not be able to solve his problem by spending his
own time?

Celejar

Re: Compatibility of Debian 9 compiled files in Debian 11 version

[David Christensen]

On 2/10/22 09:54, Nagaraju Mulpuri wrote:

Dear Debian Users,
Greetings of the day!
I have been using Debian 9 version for the last 4 years. Recently, my computer 
crashed. I have to install Debian OS again. I am planning to install Debian 11 
version. I have many of my own programs compiled on the Debian 9 version. 
Compiled programs in Debian 9 version will support in Devian 11 version? Or, 
should I go with Debian 9 version?

Thank you very much.
Have a great day!
Best regards,
Raju



Doing both disaster recovery and a (two) major version upgrade 
simultaneously sounds more complex that doing one or the other alone. 
Given the first is required, I would do a fresh install of Debian 9 onto 
a blank SSD and do the disaster recovery.



David

Re: ISS is running GNU Linux Debian :)

[Bret Busby]

On 11/2/22 6:45 am, Wookey wrote:

On 2022-02-10 21:39 +0100, dude wrote:

  International Space Station adopts Debian Linux, drops Windows & Red Hat into
   airlock X-D


https://www.computerweekly.com/blog/Open-Source-Insider/International-Space-Station-adopts-Debian-Linux-drops-Windows-Red-Hat-into-airlock


Or at least was in 2013/4.

Wookey



If wookeyware has a principal, does that mean that we should call you 
Headmaster Wookey?

:)

I noticed the wookey with the helmet in the picture at the top of the 
web page (I thought Chewbacca had permed hair, which should make putting 
a helmet on the head, difficult?).


Out of interest, does the cave surveying involve one of those laser 
devices, that scans the cave, leading to a hologram of the caves being 
created and reproduced?


Also, out of interest, with the household rooftop PV system, do you have 
battery storage, and, have you experimented with the open source 
software for interfacing with inverters, such as

https://github.com/basking-in-the-sun2000/solar-logger
https://awesomeopensource.com/projects/inverter/solar (the list of 
projects, includes two related projects relating to Fronius inverters)

https://awesomeopensource.com/projects/inverter/php
https://sourceforge.net/projects/fslurp/


--
Bret Busby
Armadale
West Australia
(UTC+0800)
..

Stalled system shutdown

[José Luis González]

Hi,

When shutting down, after upgrading to Debian 11, system shutdown hangs
(freezes) for some time (about 1-2 minutes) anytime, making it
bothersome to shut the system down.

The freeze happens afther the "Stopped target remote filesystems"
status line. After a while "A stop job is running for ntopng" is
printed with an "in progress" status in red and a timeout of 1 minute
30 seconds, which is exhausted. So everyt time I shut down I get a 1
minute and 30 seconds delay.

Anyone can help, please?

Re: ISS is running GNU Linux Debian :)

[Bret Busby]

On 11/2/22 6:29 am, pa...@quillandmouse.com wrote:

On Thu, 10 Feb 2022 21:39:02 +0100
dude  wrote:



   International Space Station adopts Debian Linux, drops Windows & Red
   Hat into airlock X-D

https://www.computerweekly.com/blog/Open-Source-Insider/International-Space-Station-adopts-Debian-Linux-drops-Windows-Red-Hat-into-airlock




I read the article, not paying attention to the date, and was aghast
that it said they were running Debian 6. I started to compose an email
to the list about it, then looked back at the article. It's from 2013.

Paul



Thence, two questions arise.

1. Due to the effluxion of time, are they still running Debian, or, have 
they changed the OS?


2. Also, due to the effluxion of time, have they upgraded the OS (if 
they are still running Debian, have they upgraded to the latest stable 
version; similarly, if they had changed the OS, have they upgraded to 
the latest stable version of whatever they are running)?


It still may be worth composing the email, and, sending it, putting 
those two questions...


--
Bret Busby
Armadale
West Australia
(UTC+0800)
..

Re: ISS is running GNU Linux Debian :)

[Wookey]

On 2022-02-10 21:39 +0100, dude wrote:
>  International Space Station adopts Debian Linux, drops Windows & Red Hat into
>   airlock X-D
> 
>
> https://www.computerweekly.com/blog/Open-Source-Insider/International-Space-Station-adopts-Debian-Linux-drops-Windows-Red-Hat-into-airlock

Or at least was in 2013/4.

Wookey
-- 
Principal hats:  Debian, Wookware, ARM
http://wookware.org/


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Description: PGP signature

Re: ISS is running GNU Linux Debian :)

[paulf]

On Thu, 10 Feb 2022 21:39:02 +0100
dude  wrote:

> 
>   International Space Station adopts Debian Linux, drops Windows & Red
>   Hat into airlock X-D
> 
> https://www.computerweekly.com/blog/Open-Source-Insider/International-Space-Station-adopts-Debian-Linux-drops-Windows-Red-Hat-into-airlock
> 
> 

I read the article, not paying attention to the date, and was aghast
that it said they were running Debian 6. I started to compose an email
to the list about it, then looked back at the article. It's from 2013.

Paul

-- 
Paul M. Foster
http://noferblatz.com
http://quillandmouse.com

Re: Installing bullseye into previously existing encrypted disk with buster

[Dan Ritter]

Nitebirdz wrote: 
> I currently have a laptop running buster on an encrypted disk that boots
> via EFI. The filesystems look like this: 
> 
> /dev/mapper/tangier--vg-root/
> /dev/mapper/tangier--vg-home/home
> /dev/sda1   /boot/efi
> /dev/sda2   /boot
> 
> I know I can easily upgrade to bullseye from the running system. However,
> what I usually do when it's time to upgrade Debian on a laptop is to start
> from a clean slate. It's my chance to clean up and remove old cruft (well,
> with the exception of my own home partition, of course). So, instead of
> upgrading, I just install the new version of Debian. 
> 
> Now, my problem is that, whenever I launch the installer, it wants to
> partition the disk. Is there a way to tell the installer to leave the
> existing partitioning scheme alone? Also, I'd need the installer to leave
> the home partition alone, and format and install over the other
> partitions. Is this possible? If so, how? I've been trying different
> approaches, and I don't seem to be able to find the way to do it. 

Yes. Tell the installer you want to partition the disks
manually, and then select each one and assign it to the role
that you want. For /home, either don't assign it or make sure
that you mark it as "leave the contents alone".

But if you're going to do that, why not try a nice in-place
upgrade first? I bet you'll be happy with it, and if not, you've
lost maybe an hour over what you were going to do anyway.

-dsr-

ISS is running GNU Linux Debian :)

[dude]

 International Space Station adopts Debian Linux, drops Windows & Red
 Hat into airlock X-D

https://www.computerweekly.com/blog/Open-Source-Insider/International-Space-Station-adopts-Debian-Linux-drops-Windows-Red-Hat-into-airlock


   Boldly Going, Running Linux in Space" - Sam Bishop (LCA 2022 Online)

as seen on https://ytpak.net/watch?v=G1fOZr9v2lY

#NOICE! ✌️😎👍⭐🍻

GO DEBIAN GO! (to Mars and beyond!)

Installing bullseye into previously existing encrypted disk with buster

[Nitebirdz]

Hi,


I currently have a laptop running buster on an encrypted disk that boots
via EFI. The filesystems look like this: 

/dev/mapper/tangier--vg-root/
/dev/mapper/tangier--vg-home/home
/dev/sda1   /boot/efi
/dev/sda2   /boot

I know I can easily upgrade to bullseye from the running system. However,
what I usually do when it's time to upgrade Debian on a laptop is to start
from a clean slate. It's my chance to clean up and remove old cruft (well,
with the exception of my own home partition, of course). So, instead of
upgrading, I just install the new version of Debian. 

Now, my problem is that, whenever I launch the installer, it wants to
partition the disk. Is there a way to tell the installer to leave the
existing partitioning scheme alone? Also, I'd need the installer to leave
the home partition alone, and format and install over the other
partitions. Is this possible? If so, how? I've been trying different
approaches, and I don't seem to be able to find the way to do it. 


Thanks. 

-- 
Nitebirdz

Re: One-user system. Was "One user system."

[Joe]

On Thu, 10 Feb 2022 11:11:01 -0500
rhkra...@gmail.com wrote:

> On Wednesday, February 09, 2022 06:08:16 AM Andrei POPESCU wrote:
> > I've switched to using sudo because it encourages me to use root
> > only when strictly required.  
> 
> That's a good idea, but I'll mention what I do -- I may have started
> before sudo existed (or, at least, before I knew about it).
> 
> I use kde and keep several konsole (terminals) open, at on one, I
> open it as root and set the background to be a different color than
> the non-root konsole (a shade of yello).  
> 
> (Once you pick a color for the background (or any of variety of other
> user preferences), you can save those so, for example, every time I
> open a konsole as root, it gets those preferences.
> 

Just an additional note if you use mc: you can change the colours of the
mc window and save the changes, but when you close mc the previous
config file will overwrite the new one. What you have to do is to save
the config, then rename it from outside mc with mc still running. Close
mc, rename the new config file back to the original name, then it will
be used next time you start mc. 

A bit of a faff, which is why I don't change things often. But my
server is console-only, and I found mc to be an excellent file manager
and simple text editor for it. I also have different background colours
depending on whether it is opened with sudo or not.

Yes, it's a dangerous beast as root, but what are you doing on a server
if not admin work (carefully)?

-- 
Joe

Re: Compatibility of Debian 9 compiled files in Debian 11 version

[Andrew M.A. Cater]

On Thu, Feb 10, 2022 at 05:54:08PM -, Nagaraju Mulpuri wrote:
> Dear Debian Users,
> Greetings of the day!
> I have been using Debian 9 version for the last 4 years. Recently, my 
> computer crashed. I have to install Debian OS again. I am planning to install 
> Debian 11 version. I have many of my own programs compiled on the Debian 9 
> version. Compiled programs in Debian 9 version will support in Devian 11 
> version? Or, should I go with Debian 9 version?
> 
> Thank you very much.
> Have a great day!
> Best regards,
> Raju

Hi Raju

If your programs are your own: what language are they written in - and
did you have them backed up?

I suspect the problem you may have is if they are in older versions of
Python - otherwise, C or C++ should work.

Be aware that some programs may be more memory hungry / larger in Debian 11
but otherwise there shouldn't be a problem.

I would respectfully suggest starting from the unofficial non-free .iso file
to give yourself a head start with any needed firmware.

All the very best, as ever,

Andy Cater

Re: Compatibility of Debian 9 compiled files in Debian 11 version

[Greg Wooledge]

On Thu, Feb 10, 2022 at 05:54:08PM -, Nagaraju Mulpuri wrote:
> I have been using Debian 9 version for the last 4 years. Recently, my 
> computer crashed. I have to install Debian OS again. I am planning to install 
> Debian 11 version. I have many of my own programs compiled on the Debian 9 
> version. Compiled programs in Debian 9 version will support in Devian 11 
> version? Or, should I go with Debian 9 version?

If the shared libraries that they're linked against still exist, they'll
work.  Most likely.

The question is whether those shared libraries will be present on a clean
installation of Debian 11.  We can't guess without knowing more about
your programs.

You can try it and see.  If one of the programs fails to run, try using
ldd on it to see what shared libraries it's missing.  Then, based on
the knowledge you gain this way, you can decide whether it'll be easier
to recompile them on Debian 11, or to launch an archaeological expedition
to try to find the necessary shared libraries.

Re: Compatibility of Debian 9 compiled files in Debian 11 version

[tomas]

On Thu, Feb 10, 2022 at 05:54:08PM -, Nagaraju Mulpuri wrote:
> Dear Debian Users,
> Greetings of the day!
> I have been using Debian 9 version for the last 4 years. Recently, my 
> computer crashed.
> I have to install Debian OS again. I am planning to install Debian 11 
> version. I have
> many of my own programs compiled on the Debian 9 version. Compiled programs 
> in Debian 9
> version will support in Devian 11 version? Or, should I go with Debian 9 
> version?

Most probably not. But you might be lucky, sometimes.

Why not compile them again?

Cheers
-- 
t


signature.asc
Description: PGP signature

Compatibility of Debian 9 compiled files in Debian 11 version

[Nagaraju Mulpuri]

Dear Debian Users,
Greetings of the day!
I have been using Debian 9 version for the last 4 years. Recently, my computer 
crashed. I have to install Debian OS again. I am planning to install Debian 11 
version. I have many of my own programs compiled on the Debian 9 version. 
Compiled programs in Debian 9 version will support in Devian 11 version? Or, 
should I go with Debian 9 version?

Thank you very much.
Have a great day!
Best regards,
Raju

Re: One-user system. Was "One user system."

[rhkramer]

On Wednesday, February 09, 2022 06:08:16 AM Andrei POPESCU wrote:
> I've switched to using sudo because it encourages me to use root only
> when strictly required.

That's a good idea, but I'll mention what I do -- I may have started before 
sudo existed (or, at least, before I knew about it).

I use kde and keep several konsole (terminals) open, at on one, I open it as 
root and set the background to be a different color than the non-root konsole 
(a shade of yello).  

(Once you pick a color for the background (or any of variety of other user 
preferences), you can save those so, for example, every time I open a konsole 
as root, it gets those preferences.

Re: Request free live CD

[tomas]

On Thu, Feb 10, 2022 at 03:05:26PM +0100, Dozzyjean Dozie wrote:
> Please I will be very much interested to get a live CD from you, please
> what are the prerequisites that are needed to be archived this request free
> cd for free from you.

See here:

  https://www.debian.org/CD/free-linux-cd

Since burning a CD and putting into the mail costs money, you can't
expect someone doing it for you. In the above page it is explained
how you can either download an image and burn it yourself, or order
it from a service (there is a list linked from the above page), but
then, you'll have to pay. Prices are not very high, though.

Cheers
-- 
t


signature.asc
Description: PGP signature

Re: 5.15 kernel just won't do on Intel Rocket Lake...

[David Wright]

On Thu 10 Feb 2022 at 03:39:26 (-0500), Felix Miata wrote:
> ...if you have a bad BIOS, and wish to boot with more than one connected 
> display.
> https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/drm/intel/-/issues/4762 explains the issue, 
> which
> has just been announced fixed. But, it appears the fix may only be landing in
> kernel 5.17rc3.
> 
> I tried to get the latest available kernel that is packaged by Debian people 
> by
> reading on
> 
>   https://wiki.debian.org/HowToUpgradeKernel
>   https://wiki.debian.org/DebianExperimental
> 
> I put
> 
>   Package: linux-image

Don't you need to glob this?

  Package: linux-image*

>   Pin: release a=experimental
>   Pin-Priority: 800
> 
> in /etc/apt/preferences.d/linux-kernel
> 
> and
> 
>   deb http://deb.debian.org/debian experimental main
> 
> in /etc/apt/sources.list, but apt-cache and aptitude don't seem to know that
> 
> 
> 
> exists.
> 
> (# aptitude search linux-image
> c   linux-image-5.10.0-9-amd64 -
> c   linux-image-5.14.0-0.bpo.2-amd -
> i A linux-image-5.15.0-2-amd64 - Linux 5.15 for 64-bit PCs (signed)
> i A linux-image-5.15.0-3-amd64 - Linux 5.15 for 64-bit PCs (signed)
> p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-amd64-dbg - Debug symbols for linux-image-5.15.0-3-
> p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-amd64-uns - Linux 5.15 for 64-bit PCs
> p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-cloud-amd - Linux 5.15 for x86-64 cloud (signed)
> p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-cloud-amd - Debug symbols for linux-image-5.15.0-3-
> p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-cloud-amd - Linux 5.15 for x86-64 cloud
> p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-rt-amd64  - Linux 5.15 for 64-bit PCs, PREEMPT_RT (
> p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-rt-amd64- - Debug symbols for linux-image-5.15.0-3-
> p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-rt-amd64- - Linux 5.15 for 64-bit PCs, PREEMPT_RT
> i   linux-image-amd64  - Linux for 64-bit PCs (meta-package)
> p   linux-image-amd64-dbg  - Debugging symbols for Linux amd64 confi
> p   linux-image-amd64-signed-templ - Template for signed linux-image package
> p   linux-image-cloud-amd64- Linux for x86-64 cloud (meta-package)
> p   linux-image-cloud-amd64-dbg- Debugging symbols for Linux cloud-amd64
> v   linux-image-generic-
> p   linux-image-rt-amd64   - Linux for 64-bit PCs (meta-package)
> p   linux-image-rt-amd64-dbg   - Debugging symbols for Linux rt-amd64 co)
> 
> which is what I found and installed using dpkg -i, resulting in this addition 
> to
> the search list:
> i   linux-image-5.16.0-trunk-amd64 - Linux 5.16 for 64-bit PCs
> 
> # inxi -S
> System:
>   Host: ab560 Kernel: 5.16.0-trunk-amd64 x86_64 bits: 64 Console: pty pts/0
> Distro: Debian GNU/Linux bookworm/sid
> #
> 
> What have I missed that prevents finding a recent kernel using package 
> management
> instead of relying on a web browser and wget?

Cheers,
David.

Re: dpkg in Bookworm insists to rebuild initrd

[David Wright]

On Thu 10 Feb 2022 at 02:44:50 (-0500), Felix Miata wrote:
> David Wright composed on 2022-02-09 23:36 (UTC-0600):
> > On Wed 09 Feb 2022 at 23:09:40 (-0500), Felix Miata wrote:
> 
> >> # inxi -S
> >> System:
> >>   Host: ab560 Kernel: 5.15.0-3-amd64 x86_64 bits: 64 Desktop: Trinity
> >> Distro: Debian GNU/Linux bookworm/sid
> >> # dpkg --configure linux-image-5.15.0-3-amd64
> >> Setting up linux-image-5.15.0-3-amd64 (5.15.15-2) ...
> >> /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools:
> >> update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-3-amd64
> >> mv: cannot move '/boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-3-amd64.new' to
> >> '/boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-3-amd64': Operation not permitted
> >> run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
> >> dpkg: error processing package linux-image-5.15.0-3-amd64 (--configure):
> >>  installed linux-image-5.15.0-3-amd64 package post-installation script 
> >> subprocess
> >> returned error exit status 1
> >> Errors were encountered while processing:
> >>  linux-image-5.15.0-3-amd64
> >> #
>  
> >> What can be done to make dpkg stop trying to replace the initrd that I 
> >> have made
> >> immutable? I don't want it replaced. Nothing (now) in 5.15 will solve the 
> >> problem
> >> that needs the solution reported here:
> >> https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/drm/intel/-/issues/4762
>  
> > Would:
>  
> > # INITRD='No' dpkg --configure linux-image-5.15.0-3-amd64
>  
> > manage to propagate INITRD through to the third¹ test in
> > /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools?
>  
> > ¹ I'm reading buster; adjust as necessary.
> 
> Didn't help. But, I don't know if your third test equates to my third test.

Yes, as in:

¹ > command -v update-initramfs >/dev/null 2>&1 || exit 0
² > if [ -z "${version}" ]; then
³ > if [ "$INITRD" = 'No' ]; then

It then becomes a matter of where to introduce the INITRD.

So the commandline failed, but there are a couple of configuration
files in /etc/initramfs-tools/. There are environment variables
(uppercase) in initramfs.conf; update-initramfs.conf looks less
promising as the parameters are lowercase.

Greg has pointed to do_initrd in /etc/kernel-img.conf, which might
well work, but won't prevent it trying when, say, grub is upgraded.
Of course, it's always possible that do_initrd might work from
update-initramfs.conf. There might even be some documentation
somewhere (and there's always the source).

> What I did was prepend # to the last line in that file:

Sure. Hacks will usually work, but it's nice to find the
appropriate configuration variable, which the existence of
INITRD seems to confirm as being available somewhere.

> Thanks. That pacified the scripts. Now I can get on with finding a
> kernel that supports booting with two displays connected at boot,
> if there exists one packaged for Debian yet. ;)

Cheers,
David.

Request free live CD

[Dozzyjean Dozie]

Please I will be very much interested to get a live CD from you, please
what are the prerequisites that are needed to be archived this request free
cd for free from you.

Thanks
Dozie Dozzyjean

Re: Mounting NFS share from Synology NAS

[Anssi Saari]

Andrei POPESCU  writes:

> Are you sure you're actually using NFSv4? (check 'mount | grep nfs').

Yes I'm sure. It's all host on path type nfs4 and in options also
vers=4.2.

Also the bog standard auto.net these days has code to mount using NFSv4.

> In my experience in order to make NFSv4 work it's necessary to configure 
> a "root" share with fsid=0 or something like that and mount
> the actual shares using a path relative to it (my NFS "server" is 
> currently down, so I can't check exactly what I did).

That's the weirdness I meant. But it's not true, these days and hasn't
been for years. Or maybe it's hidden? But I can do, for example:

# mount zippy:/tmp /mnt/foo  
# mount|grep zip
zippy:/tmp on /mnt/foo type nfs4 
(rw,relatime,vers=4.2,rsize=1048576,wsize=1048576,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=10.0.2.119,local_lock=none,addr=10.0.2.126)

I don't have anything about that in fstab. This is actually a tmpfs
mount where I have fsid=something in /etc/exports but I don't know if
that's required today. zfs mounts the same way from zippy and I don't
have any fsid stuff there. Of course it could be handled automatically.

Autofs mounts a little differently, this is like the old way:

zippy:/ on /net/zippy type nfs4 
(rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,vers=4.2,rsize=1048576,wsize=1048576,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=10.0.2.119,local_lock=none,addr=10.0.2.126)
zippy:/tmp on /net/zippy/tmp type nfs4 
(rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,vers=4.2,rsize=1048576,wsize=1048576,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=10.0.2.119,local_lock=none,addr=10.0.2.126)

> As far as I know ZFS is using the kernel NFS server, it's just providing 
> a convenient method to share / unshare so it's not necessary to mess 
> with /etc/exports if all your shares are ZFS data sets.

Good to know.

Re: solid state storage device with USB type-A plug for use as OS drive (was Re: Installation "Bullseye")

[Anssi Saari]

David Christensen  writes:

> I am looking for a small (~16 GB), low power, high-endurance,
> solid-state storage device with a USB 1.0/1.1/2.0/3.0+ type-A plug,
> powered by a USB 1.0/1.1/2.0/3.0+ type-A receptacle, which is designed
> to be used as a system drive.  I would use it to install and run
> commercial and FOSS OS's (Windows, macOS, Debian and FreeBSD) on
> SBC's, laptops, tablets, desktops, workstations, servers, etc..

I don't know if it's relevant to your case but when I wanted a USB SSD a
few years ago, I just bought a case from eBay I think. Brand was "JEYI"
and they advertized the control chip used and TRIM support right in the
subject.

The case is a little wider than a usual USB memory sticks and takes
standard m.2 SSDs. Only the smaller physical sizes though, I think 2240
and 2232 which aren't that common any more. But back then Sandisk 2240
120 GB SSDs were common and it's still going strong.

These days looks like the 2280 form factor dominates and 120 GB is the
cheapest size. Smaller ones are around, both physical and capacity but
they cost more. Oh and JEYI still makes USB adapter cases for m.2 SSDs.

Re: A Question About Two Bullseye OS on different Dives.

[Dynosaw]

I did something similar a couple of years ago when I installed Arch on a 
PC with Debian-Buster and a  BIOS Legacy option.
I can't say whether this procedure will work with UEFI, since I haven't 
tried that. You proceed at your own risk.


1.  Power the computer OFF and disconnect all external cables.
2.  Remove the cover and disconnect all hard drives from the motherboard 
(i.e unplug the SATA cables)

3.  Connect the target hard drive to the first SATA port on the motherboard.
4.  Reconnect only the essential external cables (power, keyboard, 
mouse, monitor).

 You can leave the cover off for the installation bit.
5.  Insert ISO-stick or ISO-DVD, power-ON, and install in the usual way 
on what is now the only hard disk
6.  When the installation is complete, reboot the PC to check the 
installation works.

7.  Power the PC OFF, remove all external cables as a safety precaution.
8.  Reconnect all hard disks in the preferred order, and put the cover 
back on the box.

9.  Connect all external cables and start the PC.
10.  Run  update-grub (as sudo/root). If all goes well Grub should run 
os-prober and find both operating systems.

It worked for me, but your mileage may differ

Good luck
Dynosaw
--

Re: dpkg in Bookworm insists to rebuild initrd

[Greg Wooledge]

On Wed, Feb 09, 2022 at 11:09:40PM -0500, Felix Miata wrote:
> mv: cannot move '/boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-3-amd64.new' to
> '/boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-3-amd64': Operation not permitted

> What can be done to make dpkg stop trying to replace the initrd that I have 
> made
> immutable? I don't want it replaced.

Easy answer: make a copy of your special initrd, then turn off the
immutable bit, then let dpkg do its thing and be happy, then replace
the initrd with your copy and restore the immutable bit.

Harder answer: probably edit /etc/kernel-img.conf and change the
setting of do_initrd.  But I've never tried that, so I don't know
exactly what it does.  At best, I'd imagine it might turn off *all*
initrd creations, which would affect your *other* kernels too, not
just this one.

Re: solid state storage device with USB type-A plug for use as OS drive (was Re: Installation "Bullseye")

[gene heskett]

On Thursday, February 10, 2022 4:37:22 AM EST Andrew M.A. Cater wrote:
> On Wed, Feb 09, 2022 at 06:50:49PM -0800, David Christensen wrote:
> > On 2/9/22 08:02, notoneofmyseeds wrote:
> > > I'd suggest an SSD if you have one. Or, perhaps a recommended USB
> > > stick. Perhaps someone here has suggestions for such stick that
> > > maintains r/w over a while and is fast.
> > 
> > I am looking for a small (~16 GB), low power, high-endurance,
> > solid-state storage device with a USB 1.0/1.1/2.0/3.0+ type-A plug,
> > powered by a USB 1.0/1.1/2.0/3.0+ type-A receptacle, which is
> > designed to be used as a system drive.  I would use it to install
> > and run commercial and FOSS OS's (Windows, macOS, Debian and
> > FreeBSD) on SBC's, laptops, tablets, desktops, workstations,
> > servers, etc..
> 
> Corsair do a ruggedised USB stick - starts at 16G or 32G if you can
> find them - I think which is USB 3.1
> and blazingly fast but expensive. I got the Corsair 128 GB Voyager GTX
> 
> Some queries about copying large >8G files around - speeds vary in
> reviews but it's solid. What's high-endurance in your terms?
> 
> > STFW most USB disk-on-module (DOM) devices are designed for a
> > motherboard with 0.1" 10-pin connector, motherboard space, and
> > motherboard threaded boss (for mounting screw);  e.g. server
> > motherboards only.
> > 
> > 
> > STFW I found Cactus Technologies USB flash drives; but they are
> > design for storage, not OS, and I was unable to find a retailer:
> > 
> > https://www.cactus-tech.com/
> > 
> > 
> > STFW I see the Buffalo SSD-PUT; I am unclear which USB standards it
> > supports (I need USB 2.0 and 3.0):
> > 
> > https://www.buffalotech.com/products/ssd-put-rugged-and-portable-soli
> > d-state-drive-stick
> > 
> > 
> > As an alternative, StarTech makes two USB to sata adapter/ cables.  I
> > need to do more search to see if my SSD's are compatible:
> > 
> > https://www.startech.com/en-us/hdd/usb3s2sat3cb

I think its this one or maybe a predesessor that I have 2 of plugged into 
my rpi4, used as a kernel and LinuxCNC development system with a total of 
360G of SSD storage. The pi's swap has been moved to them also. They have 
Just Worked now for close to 2 years. Plugged unto the rpi4's usb-3 
ports, the speed limit is the pi, not the drives. Either speed tests at 
just under 600mbytes/second, on the pi.

Generally, I've found startech stuff to be as advertised, it just works.

> > https://www.startech.com/en-us/hdd/usb312sat3cb
> 
> I think I've got one of these which is running to an old SSD and is
> alos fine.
> 
> All best, as ever,
> 
> Andy Cater
> 
> > Comments/ suggestions?
> > 
> > 
> > David
> 
> .


Cheers, Gene Heskett.
-- 
"There are four boxes to be used in defense of liberty:
 soap, ballot, jury, and ammo. Please use in that order."
-Ed Howdershelt (Author, 1940)
If we desire respect for the law, we must first make the law respectable.
 - Louis D. Brandeis
Genes Web page 

Re: solid state storage device with USB type-A plug for use as OS drive (was Re: Installation "Bullseye")

[Andrew M.A. Cater]

On Wed, Feb 09, 2022 at 06:50:49PM -0800, David Christensen wrote:
> On 2/9/22 08:02, notoneofmyseeds wrote:
> > I'd suggest an SSD if you have one. Or, perhaps a recommended USB stick.
> > Perhaps someone here has suggestions for such stick that maintains r/w
> > over a while and is fast.
> 
> I am looking for a small (~16 GB), low power, high-endurance, solid-state
> storage device with a USB 1.0/1.1/2.0/3.0+ type-A plug, powered by a USB
> 1.0/1.1/2.0/3.0+ type-A receptacle, which is designed to be used as a system
> drive.  I would use it to install and run commercial and FOSS OS's (Windows,
> macOS, Debian and FreeBSD) on SBC's, laptops, tablets, desktops,
> workstations, servers, etc..
> 
> 

Corsair do a ruggedised USB stick - starts at 16G or 32G if you can find them
 - I think which is USB 3.1
and blazingly fast but expensive. I got the Corsair 128 GB Voyager GTX

Some queries about copying large >8G files around - speeds vary in reviews
but it's solid. What's high-endurance in your terms?

> STFW most USB disk-on-module (DOM) devices are designed for a motherboard
> with 0.1" 10-pin connector, motherboard space, and motherboard threaded boss
> (for mounting screw);  e.g. server motherboards only.
> 
> 
> STFW I found Cactus Technologies USB flash drives; but they are design for
> storage, not OS, and I was unable to find a retailer:
> 
> https://www.cactus-tech.com/
> 
> 
> STFW I see the Buffalo SSD-PUT; I am unclear which USB standards it supports
> (I need USB 2.0 and 3.0):
> 
> https://www.buffalotech.com/products/ssd-put-rugged-and-portable-solid-state-drive-stick
> 
> 
> As an alternative, StarTech makes two USB to sata adapter/ cables.  I need
> to do more search to see if my SSD's are compatible:
> 
> https://www.startech.com/en-us/hdd/usb3s2sat3cb
> 
> https://www.startech.com/en-us/hdd/usb312sat3cb
> 

I think I've got one of these which is running to an old SSD and is alos fine.

All best, as ever,

Andy Cater
> 
> Comments/ suggestions?
> 
> 
> David
> 

5.15 kernel just won't do on Intel Rocket Lake...

[Felix Miata]

...if you have a bad BIOS, and wish to boot with more than one connected 
display.
https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/drm/intel/-/issues/4762 explains the issue, which
has just been announced fixed. But, it appears the fix may only be landing in
kernel 5.17rc3.

I tried to get the latest available kernel that is packaged by Debian people by
reading on

https://wiki.debian.org/HowToUpgradeKernel
https://wiki.debian.org/DebianExperimental

I put

Package: linux-image
Pin: release a=experimental
Pin-Priority: 800

in /etc/apt/preferences.d/linux-kernel

and

deb http://deb.debian.org/debian experimental main

in /etc/apt/sources.list, but apt-cache and aptitude don't seem to know that



exists.

(# aptitude search linux-image
c   linux-image-5.10.0-9-amd64 -
c   linux-image-5.14.0-0.bpo.2-amd -
i A linux-image-5.15.0-2-amd64 - Linux 5.15 for 64-bit PCs (signed)
i A linux-image-5.15.0-3-amd64 - Linux 5.15 for 64-bit PCs (signed)
p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-amd64-dbg - Debug symbols for linux-image-5.15.0-3-
p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-amd64-uns - Linux 5.15 for 64-bit PCs
p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-cloud-amd - Linux 5.15 for x86-64 cloud (signed)
p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-cloud-amd - Debug symbols for linux-image-5.15.0-3-
p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-cloud-amd - Linux 5.15 for x86-64 cloud
p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-rt-amd64  - Linux 5.15 for 64-bit PCs, PREEMPT_RT (
p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-rt-amd64- - Debug symbols for linux-image-5.15.0-3-
p   linux-image-5.15.0-3-rt-amd64- - Linux 5.15 for 64-bit PCs, PREEMPT_RT
i   linux-image-amd64  - Linux for 64-bit PCs (meta-package)
p   linux-image-amd64-dbg  - Debugging symbols for Linux amd64 confi
p   linux-image-amd64-signed-templ - Template for signed linux-image package
p   linux-image-cloud-amd64- Linux for x86-64 cloud (meta-package)
p   linux-image-cloud-amd64-dbg- Debugging symbols for Linux cloud-amd64
v   linux-image-generic-
p   linux-image-rt-amd64   - Linux for 64-bit PCs (meta-package)
p   linux-image-rt-amd64-dbg   - Debugging symbols for Linux rt-amd64 co)

which is what I found and installed using dpkg -i, resulting in this addition to
the search list:
i   linux-image-5.16.0-trunk-amd64 - Linux 5.16 for 64-bit PCs

# inxi -S
System:
  Host: ab560 Kernel: 5.16.0-trunk-amd64 x86_64 bits: 64 Console: pty pts/0
Distro: Debian GNU/Linux bookworm/sid
#

What have I missed that prevents finding a recent kernel using package 
management
instead of relying on a web browser and wget?
-- 
Evolution as taught in public schools is, like religion,
based on faith, not based on science.

 Team OS/2 ** Reg. Linux User #211409 ** a11y rocks!

Felix Miata