high, the expected % of observed
values should be "discounted" somehow. That is, with total random
distribution you have a 1:1 ratio between observed frequency of a value
and assumed frequency. However, with highly grouped values, you might
have a 2:1 ratio.
Again, more math (backed by
different "block sizes" on different FSes before
we arrive at a reasonable size, and even then I'll bet we have to offer
a GUC.
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On 12/11/2013 12:40 PM, Tom Lane wrote:
> Josh Berkus writes:
>> And, for that matter, accepting this patch by no means blocks doing
>> something more sophisticated in the future.
>
> Yeah. I think the only real argument against it is "do we really need
> yet anoth
means blocks doing
something more sophisticated in the future.
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improvement over what we have now.
+1
There is an inherent tuning and troubleshooting challenge in anything
involving a feedback loop.
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To make
regexes to filter out the noise error messages from the really, really
important ones. Speaking as someone who does trainings for new DBAs,
the part where I do "what to look for in the logs" requires over an hour
and still doesn't cover everything. And doesn't internationalize.
ou're confident that the blocks you sampled are
representative of the population.
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useful.
I can't think of one, offhand. And +1 for NOT adding a new knob.
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iscussed, we need math though. Does anyone have an ACM subscription
and time to do a search? Someone must. We can buy one with community
funds, but no reason to do so if we don't have to.
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On 12/10/2013 10:48 AM, Andres Freund wrote:
> On 2013-12-10 10:44:30 -0800, Josh Berkus wrote:
>> On 12/10/2013 10:39 AM, Andres Freund wrote:
>>> Hi,
>>>
>>> On 2013-12-10 10:38:32 -0800, Josh Berkus wrote:
>>>> We've just run across a case
#x27;m not suprised that it doesn't work ...
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On 12/10/2013 10:39 AM, Andres Freund wrote:
> Hi,
>
> On 2013-12-10 10:38:32 -0800, Josh Berkus wrote:
>> We've just run across a case of this exact issue on 9.2.4. I thought it
>> was supposed to be 9.3-only?
>
> Could you please describe "this exact
Andres, all:
We've just run across a case of this exact issue on 9.2.4. I thought it
was supposed to be 9.3-only?
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3000.
3. Other algos exist. The tend to be wrong in other directions.
4. Nobody has done an analysis of whether it's worse, on average, to
estimate low vs. high for ndistinct.
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ata from table pages while they're in memory anyway for other
reasons.
You do seem kind of hostile to the idea of full-page-sampling, going
pretty far beyond the "I'd need to see the math". Why?
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could search for this; there are several published papers,
with math and pseudocode.
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All,
I tested out Joe's original patch, and it does eliminate the 8%
performance regression.
Will try the new one.
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umes that all columns are
randomly distributed. If we could recoginze common distribution
patterns, then not only could we have better query estimates, those
would require keeping *fewer* stats, since all you need for a normal
distribution are the end points and the variance.
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xamples of the two syntax alternatives we're talking
about here? I've lost track.
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SQL use block-based sampling, but of
course, I don't know which specific algo they use.
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On 12/05/2013 12:41 PM, Robert Haas wrote:
> On Thu, Dec 5, 2013 at 12:54 PM, Josh Berkus wrote:
>> Actually, I've been able to do 35K TPS on commodity hardware on Ubuntu
>> 10.04. I have yet to go about 15K on any Ubuntu running a 3.X Kernel.
>> The CPU scheduling o
quot;OMG, there's something wrong with the server", that is, a flag
for messages which only occur when PostgreSQL encounters a bug, data
corrpution, or platform error. Right now, I have to suss those out by
regex.
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things are all over the place, and get worse
with each new feature added.
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On 12/05/2013 05:48 AM, Stephen Frost wrote:
> * Peter Geoghegan (p...@heroku.com) wrote:
>> On Wed, Dec 4, 2013 at 11:07 AM, Josh Berkus wrote:
>>> But you know what? 2.6, overall, still performs better than any kernel
>>> in the 3.X series, at least for Postgres.
bably be using persistent RAM. And the
geeks who manage that have already said that MMAP is a bad interface for
persistent RAM. They haven't defined a good one, though.
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WN when I'm travelling.
> Seriously, though, one of the best things to do would be to make a point of
> picking up a kernel around -rc3 (right around now, say, for 3.13) and
> running a few benchmarks on it. If you report a performance regression at
> that stage, it will get attention
earn about
new changes to IO or memory performance in the Linux Kernel without
reading all of the traffic on LKML and all Linux commit messages and
filtering them myself. If there were a better way to look for this
information, Linux would be more likely to get feedback in a timely
fashion. A
I'd rather do the testing thing as a community thing, though, which
means raising non-profit money and having an open bid process for the
person to do the work. I think we cold raise more money that way, and
are likely to get a better end result.
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omated
performace tests will require paying someone like Greg S., Mark or me
for 6 solid months to develop them, since worthwhile open source
performance test platforms currently don't exist. That money has never
been available; maybe I should do a kickstarter.
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the IO stack;
they really don't believe that anyone who cares about performance should
be using it.
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with the potential to destroy PostgreSQL performance without
warning, leaving us scrambling for workarounds. Too bad the
alternatives are so unpopular.
I don't know where we'll get the resources to implement our own storage,
but it's looking like we don't have a choice.
-
there are no documented limitations that make any problems
> foreseeable.
> I will add it to the CommitFest 2014-01 so that there is time for
> testing and tweaking.
Wow, thanks for doing this!
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ce in this case? If so, what?
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On 11/26/2013 09:45 AM, Tom Lane wrote:
> Josh Berkus writes:
>> On 11/24/2013 06:42 AM, Simon Riggs wrote:
>>> I think we should be thinking harder about how to implement
>>> ASSERTIONs, possibly calling them ASSERTION TRIGGERs not pre-commit
>>> write eve
, or why Perl requires them, or why Java has all those squiggly
brackets.
PostgreSQL is very accepting of new procedural languages; you could
always create your own, with whatever syntax you want.
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On 11/24/2013 06:42 AM, Simon Riggs wrote:
> I think we should be thinking harder about how to implement
> ASSERTIONs, possibly calling them ASSERTION TRIGGERs not pre-commit
> write event triggers.
I don't know that anyone is working on this, though, or even plans to.
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ile step forwards.
That being said, the other requirement I am concerned about is being
able to support the syntax of this feature in commonly used ORMs. That
is, can I write a fairly small Django or Rails extension which does
upsert using this patch? Fortunately, I think I can ...
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al website doesn't inspire much confidence.
>
> Well, it was his idea, and quite a good one. I guess we could
> reimplement this in C if someone wants to do the legwork.
Yeah, too bad Brad didn't post a license for it.
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in, if there's no activity on the
master, you can't trigger the bug?
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the replica, in case it already has corruption.
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rmats: BSON, MessagePack (
> http://msgpack.org/), protobuf, hierarchical H-Store is coming along.
> Adding another one would create confusion, and a situation similar to this:
> http://xkcd.com/927/
Apparently you missed that JSONB is just Hstore2 with different in/out
functions?
> Po
e an old base backup around and all WAL files,
> you can start from that.
>
> Does that answer your questsions?
Yeah, thanks.
If you have any ideas for how we'd write code to scan for this kind of
corruption, please post them.
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On 11/20/2013 10:30 AM, Josh Berkus wrote:
> Andrews, Kevin:
Andres, that is.
>
> Presumably a replica created while all traffic was halted on the master
> would be clean, correct? This bug can only be triggered if there's
> heavy write load on the master, right?
>
Al
Andrews, Kevin:
Presumably a replica created while all traffic was halted on the master
would be clean, correct? This bug can only be triggered if there's
heavy write load on the master, right?
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y-update-in-place seems like a clear win for
heirarchical data storage, but practically it's not.
Of course, an investigation into this by someone with much more
knowledge of low-level storage than me (most of this list) is welcome.
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e? Why go to a lot of trouble to extend our home-grown
> format if we've got a standard format to plug into?
See hstore2 patch from Teodor. That's what we're talking about, not
hstore1, which as you point out is non-heirarchical.
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http://pg
ns instead of needing to go through the shell (as I
currently do with pg_isready).
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ge some testing on our side.
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ge and complex accounting
infrastructure to track which tables were modified and how.
This is the sort of thing the SQL committee covered in ASSERTIONS, but
of course they never specified any method for implementation.
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t onesided,
> isn't it?
Nope, just that you should be worried about it, and maybe shouting for help.
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need to halt all
work on replication until we have such a thing. I can't see how you
expect to complete streaming logical replication without a replication
testing framework.
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w that? We certainly do know
that we won't catch these kinds of bugs *without* testing.
Heck, even MySQL AB had automated testing for replication. They largely
ignored the results, but they had it.
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ng the exact same code as psql? Why does pg_isready
have its own code for this?
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On 11/19/2013 09:58 AM, Andres Freund wrote:
> On 2013-11-19 09:51:28 -0800, Josh Berkus wrote:
>> Maybe it's worth it now to devise some automated replication testing?
>
> It'd be a good idea, but I am not sure where to get resources for it
> from.
Well, servers
On 11/19/2013 08:29 AM, Robert Haas wrote:
> On Mon, Nov 18, 2013 at 8:20 PM, Josh Berkus wrote:
>> Oh, and one more:
>>
>> c) that "stop" defaults to "smart" mode, instead of "fast" mode.
>
> And that "smart" mode is called
no fragments)
* whitespace not significant
* reordering of keys
* duplicate keys prohibited
If people want other manglings of JSON, they can use TEXT fields and
custom parsers written in PL/v8, the same way I do.
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4eedc3f0f347a856eea8590730769125964597
>
> Yes, the combination of those is guilty.
>
> Man, this is (to a good part my) bad.
>
>> But that'd mean nobody noticed it during 9.3's beta...
Ah, so this affected 9.3.0 as well?
Maybe it's worth it now to devise
On 11/18/2013 05:09 PM, Josh Berkus wrote:
> Folks,
>
> Speaking of legacy code with bad default behaviors: pg_ctl. The current
> utility is designed to fathfully reproduce the rather hackish shell
> script we originally had for postgres startup. This results in a
> cou
1999-era
shell script.
I don't know if the answer is to rename the utility like we're
discussing with pg_dump/pg_backup, or something else.
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To make cha
es they were for the same client (9.0.14 and 9.3.1), one for a
> different client (9.2.5).
To emphasize a salient point: we have not previously seen data
corruption with these exact symptoms prior to the recent patch release.
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expect MVCC bugs, which is going to be an almost zero
> population.
+1
None of our users would willingly choose worse performance over the 0.1%
possibility of needing to analyze a transaction failure.
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that version doesn't have to be the default if users don't specify.
Note that this raises the issue of "first alternate data type ambiguity"
again for overloading builtin functions. We really need that method of
"prefering" a specific version of the function ...
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On 11/18/2013 06:13 AM, Peter Eisentraut wrote:
> On 11/15/13, 6:15 PM, Josh Berkus wrote:
>> Thing is, I'm not particularly concerned about *Merlin's* specific use
>> case, which there are ways around. What I am concerned about is that we
>> may have users who ha
g to
do with Java.
Besides, we might get sued by these people: http://www.jstor.org/ ;-)
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NB is as close as we can get to "JSON", and it gives people the idea
that this is the successor type to JSON. So +1 from me as well on "JSONB".
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t with their "standard".
That's a reason why we won't use the name BSON, either, since it's a
trademark of 10gen.
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To ma
the new version 10.0.
That's why naming old JSON as "json_text" won't work; it'll be a
hardened roadblock to upgrading.
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written yet.
I believe this was a danger we recognized when we added the JSON type,
including the possibility that a future binary type might need to be a
separate type due to compatibility issues. The only sad thing is the
naming; it would be better for the new type to carry the JSON name in
nd if/when we find some use for them re add them
Wait, which Josh? Not me ...
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7;s not at all workable. Users would be completely unable to predict
or understand the JSON type and how it acts. That's not just violating
POLS; that's bashing POLS' head in with a shovel.
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7;t do anything
I suggest simply removing it from the utility.
I'll note that the -U option doesn't appear to do anything relevant
either, but at least it doesn't error unnecessarily:
handyrep@john:~/handyrep$ pg_isready -h john -p 5432 -U no_such_user
john:5432 - ac
of XML.
Now, your use case does show us that there's a case to be made for still
having text JSON even after we have binary JSON. There's a strong
simplicity argument against that, though ...
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ROM
Where it becomes even more useful is when you want the json label to be
the result of a calculated expression:
SELECT build_json_object ( department, sum() )
Yes, you could do this with a two-array version as well; it's just not
more intuitive, and in cases where you have dozen
On 11/11/2013 03:06 PM, David Johnston wrote:
> Josh Berkus wrote
>> Well, then we just need pg_restore to handle the "role already exists"
>> error message gracefully. That's all. Or a "CREATE ROLE IF NOT EXISTS"
>> statement, and use that for r
ff like this.
> As for 'what we need', I'd think someone with the time and energy to
> write the patch and work with the community to implement it..
+1
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and folks *keep* reporting to pgsql-security.
Even though the 8.1 driver had been officially deprecated for 2 years
before the security issue was discovered.
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To make
All,
I'm amused at how this has become a "let's pile on everything which has
ever been missing in pg_dump into one thread".
Agree with Tom that if we're going to create a new program name, we
should fix the pg_dumpall issue as well.
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to send to STDOUT. If we wanted to change the default format, we
would need to make "filename" a required parameter.
If we wanted to change the defaults, I think it would be easier to
create a separate bin name (e.g. pg_backup) than to change the existing
parameters for pg_dump.
-
All,
Just a comment: I'm really glad to see the serious work on this. If RLS
doesn't make it into 9.4, it'll be because the problems of RLS are
fundamentally unsolvable, not because we didn't give it our best. Great
work, all!
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s" from "need to
rewrite values" could be useful for a lot of type conversions.
I'd also love some way of doing a no-rewrite conversion between
timestamp and timestamptz, based on the assumption that the original
values are UTC time. That's one I encounter a l
e surprised how painful that is.
Of course, if we get binary JSON in 9.4 (Oleg?), then a binary
conversion will be required, so maybe it's a moot point.
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xt --> JSON require a physical rewrite? We have to
validate it, sure, but we don't need to rewrite it.
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On 11/04/2013 05:21 PM, Josh Berkus wrote:
> Thom,
>
>
>> SELECT
>> castsource::regtype::text,
>> array_agg(casttarget::regtype order by casttarget::regtype::text)
>> casttargets
>> FROM pg_cast
>> WHERE castmethod = 'b'
>> GR
Thom,
> SELECT
> castsource::regtype::text,
> array_agg(casttarget::regtype order by casttarget::regtype::text)
> casttargets
> FROM pg_cast
> WHERE castmethod = 'b'
> GROUP BY 1
> ORDER BY 1;
Are we actually covering 100% of these for ALTER COLUMN now?
the new
type or an unconstrained domain over the new type, a table rewrite is
not needed ..."
Which is nice, but nowhere do we present users with a set of
binary-compatible data types, even among the built-in types. I'd
happily write this up, if I knew what the binary-compatible data types
s still bad policy for the project.
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On 10/24/2013 04:55 PM, Robert Haas wrote:
> On Thu, Oct 24, 2013 at 1:09 PM, Josh Berkus wrote:
>> On 10/23/2013 09:58 PM, Amit Kapila wrote:
>>> I wonder why anyone would like to freeze during CLUSTER command when
>>> they already have separate way (VACUUM FREEZE) to
On 10/24/2013 02:36 PM, Peter Eisentraut wrote:
> On 10/22/13, 2:27 PM, Josh Berkus wrote:
>> pg_partman has several external (python) scripts which help the
>> extension, located in /extras/ in its source. The problem currently is
>> that if you install pg_partman via pgxn
oint
it's too late to enable it.
So if there's any way we can avoid having a GUC for this, I'm for it.
And if we do have a GUC, failback should be enabled by default.
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On 10/24/2013 11:12 AM, Heikki Linnakangas wrote:
> On 24.10.2013 20:39, Josh Berkus wrote:
>> On 10/24/2013 04:15 AM, Pavan Deolasee wrote:
>>> If we do what you are suggesting, it seems like a single line patch
>>> to me.
>>> In XLogSaveBufferForHint
ional GUC?
I'm opposed to the idea of having a GUC to enable failback. When would
anyone using replication ever want to disable that?
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if we had portable atomic addition, so that we could spare the
> spinlock ...
Oh, sure, just take the *easy* way out. ;-)
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I'm rewriting the table anyway, let's freeze it".
Otherwise, you have to write the same pages twice, if both CLUSTER and
FREEZE are required.
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would be nice, and IMHO the only way we can really resolve all of
these stats concerns. Any approach we take using histograms etc. is
going to leave out some stat someone needs.
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dd an
example doc of recalibrating for small RAM, but I don't think that's
that hard.
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rategies.
It's not an effective discussion pattern when dealing with new code
contributors either, or even some old ones.
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Dimitri,
> Josh Berkus writes:
>> pg_partman has several external (python) scripts which help the
>> extension, located in /extras/ in its source. The problem currently is
>> that if you install pg_partman via pgxn or package, you don't get those
>> scri
useful. That is, I can answer the question in many
cases of: "Does this query have a high average because of outliers, or
because it's consisently slow?" by looking at the STDDEV.
And FWIW, for sites where we monitor pg_stat_statements, we reset daily
or weekly. Otherwise, the stats ha
On 10/21/2013 11:59 AM, Tom Lane wrote:
> Josh Berkus writes:
>> Either you're proposing a solution, supporting someone else's solution,
>> or you're saying the problem isn't important. There is no fourth
>> alternative.
>
> Nonsense. Pointing out
here should these go? PGSHARE/pg_partman/? Or somewhere else? I'm
looking to set a canonical location for extensions with external scripts.
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