On Dec 9, 2008, at 3:54 PM, Horace Heffner wrote:
On Dec 9, 2008, at 12:18 PM, Edmund Storms wrote:
On Dec 9, 2008, at 1:31 PM, Horace Heffner wrote:
On Dec 9, 2008, at 8:11 AM, Edmund Storms wrote:
When C12 is converted to C13 by addition of a neutron, the
following mass change occurs:
12.0000000 + 1.0086649 = 13.0033548, which represent a loss of
mass equal to 0.0053101 AMU. This is equal to 4.95 MeV. The
mechanism does not matter. If C12 is the starting material and
C13 is the product, this much energy MUST be removed.
Of course, the source of the neutron must be taken into account.
If the neutron has to be made from an electron and a proton, as
Robin said, 0.78 MeV must be subtracted from the 4.95 MeV. Again
the mechanism does not matter.
Of course, the possibility of this reaction actually occurring
depends on whether a rational mechanism can be proposed. A
considerable amount of experience shows that such a combination
of reactions do not occur under ordinary conditions. To propose
they occur in the Mizuno cell requires some very unique
conditions be identified and then show how they create a novel
mechanism. The hydrino might to the job, but as Robin noted, the
amount of released energy would be huge if significant C13 were
made.
Ed
Congratulations! If the above is true then it should also be true
of all heavy LENR observed. Since heavy lattice element LENR has
been reported to occur without high energy signatures, or even
concurrent excess heat, your above assertions, in particular that
no mechanism exists carry off energy in an unseen way from nuclear
reactions, have proven the entire LENR field to be bunk.
Actually, most people expect the energy to be carried off in an
ordinary way, i.e. by radiation or particle emission. However, the
kind of radiation and the energy of the particles is not as
expected. Nevertheless, the energy ends up as heat, which is
measured. Normally the amount of fusion or transmutation is small.
If the amount of transmutation claimed by Mizuno occurred, his
apparatus should be a melted glob. That's the problem.
Ed
Did you notice the phrase "or even concurrent excess heat" above?
Yes, but I don't know what this means in this context.
Ed
Best regards,
Horace Heffner
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/
