James,
You cite the customary way of accelerating electrons.
It is analogous to breaking a glass jar by throwing a ball at it.
The approach I describe is equivalent to breaking it in a vise.
-- Lou Pagnucoo
James Bowery wrote:
> On Wed, May 15, 2013 at 2:03 AM, <pagnu...@htdconnect.com> wrote:
>
>> ...Storms notes [1] that an electron must reach relativistic speeds to
>> gain
>> 782 KeV in a lattice, - seemingly a very tall order, due to collisions.
>> Others, e.g. Hagelstein, et al[2], doubt that field strengths in LENR
>> experiments provide this extra energy ("renormalized" mass).
>>
>> I think both objections may overlook collective effects.
>>
>
> Such as occur in lasers electron accelerators?
>
> GeV electron beams from a centimetre-scale accelerator
>
> W. P.
> Leemans1<http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#a1>,
> B.
> Nagler1<http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#a1>,
> A. J.
> Gonsalves2<http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#a2>,
> Cs. Tóth1
> <http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#a1>,
> K.
> Nakamura1<http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#a1>
> ,3 <http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#a3>, C.
> G. R.
> Geddes1<http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#a1>,
> E.
> Esarey1<http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#a1>,
> C. B.
> Schroeder1<http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#a1>
> &
> S. M.
> Hooker2<http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#a2>
>
> Abstract
>
> Gigaelectron volt (GeV) electron accelerators are essential to synchrotron
> radiation facilities and free-electron lasers, and as modules for
> high-energy particle physics. Radiofrequency-based accelerators are
> limited
> to relatively low accelerating fields (10-50 MV m-1), requiring tens to
> hundreds of metres to reach the multi-GeV beam energies needed to drive
> radiation sources, and many kilometres to generate particle energies of
> interest to high-energy physics. Laser-wakefield accelerators1,
> <http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#B1>
> 2 <http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#B2>
> produce
> electric fields of the order 10-100 GV m-1 enabling compact devices.
> Previously, the required laser intensity was not maintained over the
> distance needed to reach GeV energies, and hence acceleration was limited
> to the 100 MeV scale3,
> <http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#B3>
> 4,
> <http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#B4>5<http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#B5>.
> Contrary to predictions that petawatt-class lasers would be needed to
> reach
> GeV energies6,
> <http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#B6>
> 7 <http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#B7>, here
> we demonstrate production of a high-quality electron beam with 1 GeV
> energy
> by channelling a 40 TW peak-power laser pulse in a 3.3-cm-long gas-filled
> capillary discharge waveguide8,
> <http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#B8>
> 9 <http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html#B9>.
>
> http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n10/full/nphys418.html
>
