*I*n physics, Planck's law describes the amount of energy emitted by a black body in radiation of a certain wavelength (i.e. the spectral radiance of a black body). The law is named after Max Planck, who originally proposed it in 1900. The law was the first to accurately describe black body radiation, and resolved the ultraviolet catastrophe. It is a pioneer result of modern physics and quantum theory.
For a given black body temperature, the wavelength at the peak of the Planck curve is called maximum lambda. This value gives a fell for the minimum relative size that an radiating object must be to optimally support photons associated with a give temperature. Like and antenna, a particle of nickel will best support the photons at a given temperature if the particle size is the adjusted to the ideal size. For a temperature of 700k or about 400C, the Lambda(max) must be 4.14 microns. This is why Rossi uses very large micro sized nickel particles in his reactor. Nano sized particles will not properly support the ideal photon wavelength needed to force protons into quantum mechanical coherence. Rossi undoubtedly found this optimal size through trial and error but science is easier. For a Planck function Infrared Radiance Calculator see the following: https://www.sensiac.org/external/resources/calculators/infrared_radiance_calculator.jsf%3bjsessionid=D08873244D6904EE654DBCDF0391F95E 137C = *410.15* Kelvins. Putting this number into the temperature field of the calculator, we get a resonance particle size of 7.07 um. If the raw particle size is 5 um, if we add a nanowire cover with wires about 1 micron in length, then we are at the blackbody resonance particle size. This is the maximum size of all the nickel micro powder. As the temperature of the nickel powder increases, the smaller particles will reach blackbody resonance. To start the Ni/H reactor up, we need some very big micro powder to get it going. PS: I will bet you that a Ni/H reactor that contains only Nano powder will not work well. On Thu, Aug 1, 2013 at 6:15 PM, David Roberson <[email protected]> wrote: > Don't the particle sizes and shapes vary all over the map in a normal mass > of the material? This would defeat any process that depends upon the size > being exact. > > Dave > > > -----Original Message----- > From: Axil Axil <[email protected]> > To: vortex-l <[email protected]> > Sent: Thu, Aug 1, 2013 4:55 pm > Subject: Re: [Vo]:NiH NAE Synopsis? > > This resonance must be related to maximum size of the nickel > micro-particles as related to blackbody resonance. > > > On Thu, Aug 1, 2013 at 4:52 PM, Axil Axil <[email protected]> wrote: > >> 137C must be an experimentally well measured parameter. It must also >> correspond to a sharp resonance condition. >> >> >> On Thu, Aug 1, 2013 at 4:44 PM, David Roberson <[email protected]>wrote: >> >>> Axil, >>> >>> I suspect that you are reading too much into the temperature >>> measurement. The motion of the individual atoms varies over quite a range >>> at a given temperature. For this reason, I am inclined to believe that >>> Curie temperature might be important if magnetic effects are a key, but any >>> special resonance at 137C seems to be a long stretch. >>> >>> It is not entirely evident that the Debye temperature matters in this >>> situation. >>> >>> Dave >>> >>> >>> -----Original Message----- >>> From: Axil Axil <[email protected]> >>> To: vortex-l <[email protected]> >>> Sent: Thu, Aug 1, 2013 1:49 pm >>> Subject: Re: [Vo]:NiH NAE Synopsis? >>> >>> *The magnetic nature of nickel would interfere with the production >>> of nano-vortex anapole fields.* >>> * * >>> * * >>> *The ability of nickel to affect nano-magnetism must be removed by >>> getting nickel above the Curie temperature.* >>> * * >>> * * >>> * * >>> *Dipole oscillations are the powerhouse that feeds energy into vortex >>> current production. The stronger the Dipole oscillations become, the >>> stronger that the vortex currents will become.* >>> * * >>> * * >>> *Through the application of heat, the nickel micro particles power the >>> LENR process through stimulating Dipole oscillations. This heat energy >>> is transferred to the dipoles most efficiently at or above the Debye >>> temperature.* >>> * * >>> * * >>> *Also, 137C is the blackbody resonant frequency for micro-particles at >>> about 6 microns. * >>> * * >>> * * >>> * * >>> *I bet when Defkalion and Rossi add the nanowire covering to the 5 >>> micron nickel micro-powder, the size of those processed particles will be >>> ideal for a 137C blackbody resonance.* >>> >>> >>> On Thu, Aug 1, 2013 at 1:28 PM, James Bowery <[email protected]> wrote: >>> >>>> Does that favor the Debye temperature or Curie point view of the NAE? >>>> >>>> Given your prior posting of this video: >>>> >>>> http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kqFc4wriBvE >>>> >>>> It would seem to point to the Debye temperature. >>>> >>>> >>>> On Thu, Aug 1, 2013 at 11:52 AM, Axil Axil <[email protected]> wrote: >>>> >>>>> *At the heart of the Nanoplasmonic theory of LENR, hot spots produce >>>>> nano-sized magnetic vortexes that disrupt nuclear structure.* >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> On Thu, Aug 1, 2013 at 12:29 PM, James Bowery <[email protected]>wrote: >>>>> >>>>>> On Wed, Jul 31, 2013 at 8:28 AM, Jones Beene <[email protected]> >>>>>> wrote: >>>>>> >>>>>>> To put things into perspective, the Curie point and not the Debye >>>>>>> temperature of nickel seems to be the most important parameter for gain >>>>>>> in >>>>>>> Ni-H. >>>>>>> >>>>>> OK, so now we have: >>>>>> >>>>>> Nickel nanomagnetic scale (sub 10nm) particles heated at least to >>>>>> Ni's Debye temperature, if not its Curie point, and infused with hydrogen >>>>>> -- the mixture being triggered to a NAE by ionizing the hydrogen. >>>>>> >>>>>> Areas of clarification needed: >>>>>> >>>>>> - Should "hydrogen" read "protium (ie: Hydrogen-1)"? >>>>>> - Should there be some characteristic of the ionizing energy >>>>>> specified so that the "infused" "hydrogen" is properly ionized? >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> On Thu, Aug 1, 2013 at 11:20 AM, James Bowery <[email protected]>wrote: >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 7:38 PM, James Bowery >>>>>>> <[email protected]>wrote: >>>>>>> >>>>>>>> Erratum: Debay -> Debye >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 30, 2013 at 7:38 PM, James Bowery >>>>>>>> <[email protected]>wrote: >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> Nickel nanoparticles heated to Ni's Debay temperature and >>>>>>>>> infused with hydrogen -- the mixture being triggered to a NAE by >>>>>>>>> ionizing >>>>>>>>> the hydrogen. >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> Areas of clarification needed:... >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> - Is there a technical name that can be given to the geometry >>>>>>>>> of the "nanoparticles" that would, for example, tell us where in >>>>>>>>> the "nano" >>>>>>>>> range the size of these particles should sit? >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> "Nanomagnetic scale" (sub 10nm) is a term that may qualify. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> See pages 14-16 of: >>>>>>> >>>>>>> http://ecatsite.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/energy-localization-no8-11_n3.pdf >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>> >>>> >>> >> >
