There is a repro vet (Mary Wakeman) that has written an article about them.
This is what she says causes swimmers:

"1. Excessive milk consumption - due to a mother with great deal of milk
willing to stay in the whelping box for long stretches. This is what
accounts for repeated litters of swimmers from one bitch.
2. Flat whelping box - no way for a puppy to alter pressure on the rib cage
by crawling up onto a toy or something similar.
3. Temperature in room too warm - puppies are content to lie in one position
and not move around looking for a warm spot.
Delayed walking and aspiration pneumonia are possible consequences of this
flattened shape."

I don't necessarily agree with her explanation of the causes, but the only
thing I've had to do to fix the problem is to frequently turn the puppies on
their sides.  I have never done any hobbling or anything of that sort.
Hobbling is probably only necessary on chunky puppies, or those puppies in
which the condition is severe.  I suspect that some people have puppies with
flattened ribcages and never even notice, and sometimes the condition may
right itself without intervention if the pup isn't too fat to get up on its
feet.

Leanne



----- Original Message -----
> Myra - What are swimmers.  I gather that they are puppies that don't use
> their legs properly -- but what causes it and how do you cure it

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