Linux-Misc Digest #124, Volume #28 Sat, 16 Jun 01 21:13:02 EDT
Contents:
Re: optimizing for pentium, worth the bother? ("Peter T. Breuer")
ip masquerading help please (mark)
Re: How to regenerate RPM database? ("Matt Ng")
Re: Upgrade using rpm (Bob)
Re: Total Linux newbie (viza)
Re: Total Linux newbie (viza)
vim autocmd question (Charles Wilkins)
Re: phonesync for linux (Michael Heiming)
Re: env variables (Floyd Davidson)
Re: How do I get the module files for a new kernel build? (wb0gaz)
Re: hi ("Garry Knight")
HELP! I just deleted /bin! ("Joel")
What does etc stand for? ("Arctic Storm")
Re: 4DOS-like cd in a linux shell
Linux, DAT and DOS Tapes ("Peter Kohut")
Re: What does etc stand for? (Jean-David Beyer)
Re: ip masquerading help please ("Tom Edelbrok")
Re: apache on RH not starting automatically ("Tom Edelbrok")
Re: What does etc stand for? (John Hasler)
Re: In Linux, how can I read CDRW data store at Win2k? ("Duncan MacGregor")
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: "Peter T. Breuer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: optimizing for pentium, worth the bother?
Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 22:07:01 +0200
Alex K <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> hello!
> i have just been using slackware7.1 on a p3 for quite a while. now i
> want to try something else, and am considering if pentiumoptimizing is
> worth the bother. problem is though that i am not quite sure what
No. It is not. In the first place your probably do not have a pentium!
> p-optimizing means:)
Be sure you know what a pentium is. You probably have an i686, not an
i586.
> what does mandrake mean by being p-optimized? that they use pgcc instead
"Please buy me. You are a sucker for technobabble."
> of gcc? afaik gcc can not even p-optimize, right?
"even"? What do you mean!
> any thoughts and suggestions are welcomed. and links to benchmarks if
Please go away.
Peter
------------------------------
From: mark <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: ip masquerading help please
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 13:29:52 -0700
Hi all,
I have two machines one running redhat linux 7.1 and the second one is
running windows 98. I followed the ip masqerading howto to the letter and
still no luck. i can ping the from either machine to the other fine, but
the problem is i get alot of modules errors at boot time. all of them are
coming from the ip masquerading modules. I didn't compile the kernel, just
used what is provided by redhat. any one seen these problems ? what do i
have to do to get this to work?
thanx alot
mark
------------------------------
From: "Matt Ng" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: How to regenerate RPM database?
Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 16:02:47 -0400
> First, I tried to do an upgrade, and it failed (I have never been able
> to get a Red Hat or Red Hat derived distribution to upgrade. Then I
I haven't had the pleasure of doing an upgrade like that. I haven't
upgraded RH6.1 -> 6.2 by -Fvh the directory of RH6.2 containing the RPMs.
That seemed to work fine. Can't do that with 7.x because of the new
glibc, but that's something else.
> distribution, use only RPMs from them. I must remember never to use RPMs
> from these guys: http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/ because when I do, the
> RPM stuff slowly deteriorates until the computer system gets more and
> more flakey, and the RPM part of it gets more and more cascading
I generally don't get many problems from the RPM system. But then when I
install things from other sources, they tend to be non-critical apps. I
stick with the RH updates for the core files.
> They were not uninstalled with rpm. I replaced them by restoring from
> backup. (I cannot use that backup anymore as I have replaced my flakey
I guess that would be the problem. If you still have the install CDs, you
can maybe "install" the RPMs and that would fix up the database, but not
really change anything else. I mean the configuration files will be
overwritten, but RPM usually makes backups. You'll get errors about not
finding kernel 2.2.18 related files, but your right kernel version will be
installed in the database. Or you can try deleting the database and
reinitializing it... not sure if that would work.
> I had high hopes for RPM, but it works only if you get all your RPMs
> from the same source as your distribution, that you install nothing that
> is not in RPM form, etc. This does not agree with reality. I install new
> versions of sendmail as they come out, but the RPMs are way behind.
> Similarly with lynx, guncash, Netscape (though I do not want 6.0), etc.
Yeah there are some problems, but RPMs are nice for non-programmers
like myself. Otherwise you can build RPMs from the source files if you
want cutting edge stuff and then installing them. I haven't done that
myself, since I don't have the time figuring out SPEC files and such, but
it's an option.
------------------------------
From: Bob <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Upgrade using rpm
Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 16:53:14 -0400
Sean wrote:
> Have you tried the --nodeps option?
>
> Bob wrote:
> >
> > In trying to upgrade an application in redhat 7.0, I needed to also
> > upgrade a library package. Running rpm would not allow it, claiming that
> > other applications required the files in the earlier package. I couldn't
> > do it even using the --force option. Some of the other applications were
> > samba and python, so I would be surprised if they could not use the
> > upgraded files equally well. How does one deal with this situation?
> >
> > Thanks for any suggestions.
> >
> > --
> > Bob Parnes
> > [EMAIL PROTECTED]
That did the trick. I thought the --nodeps option had a narrower meaning,
affecting a check on whether the package being installed has dependencies.
Thanks very much.
--
Bob Parnes
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
Subject: Re: Total Linux newbie
From: viza <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 20:50:49 GMT
Thus quoth Dances With Crows:
> I don't know what you mean by "different drivers, or is it just a
> different GUI etc?". A Linux distro is a completely different OS from
> Win/DOS, and it has a completely different way of doing things. The
> driver model is completely different, the X Window System is network-
> transparent and runs in user space while the Windows GUI runs partially
> in kernel space and has no native network capability, Linux is
> aggressively multi-user while only NT and 2K have even the slightest
> multi-user capability, etcetera, etcetera.
I meant do the different linuxes need different drivers to each other, I
know you need different ones to Windows, and have already checked that they
exist for my video card and sound card, but knowing that Corel Linux is
different to Suse or Red Hat, wondered if it might not like generic Linux
drivers. I don't think I'll use it, I wasn't sure to start with.
> ??! Is there a LUG in your area? Know anyone who uses Linux and has a
> CD-R? Seen http://cheapbytes.com/ ? Find a local Linux user and ask
> them; if you're in a college town, there are certainly a few of them
> around. cheapbytes sells distros for cheap; you just don't get the
> paper manual.
I can put the disk image on a spare HDD and take it to my mates to burn,
don't know if he'll still be my mate after the fifth attempt though :-)
>>and try to install it from a FAT32 partition where it will be
>>downloaded to onto a new partition I will make. Is this possible/easy?
> Get a distro on CD; it will be much easier.
I am in the UK, and was reccomended www.linuxemporium.co.uk in another
group, will order one from there.
> For installation notes and
> general information, please check http://linuxnewbies.org/ and
> http://linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/ .
Am already getting a long list of sites with advice. Will check those out.
> Bonne chance....
Merci!
------------------------------
Subject: Re: Total Linux newbie
From: viza <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 20:53:38 GMT
Thus quoth Robert Heller:
> Possible, but you need about 650meg of free disk space and it will take
> a *long* time to download. It might be a better idea to get a bare CD
> copy ($2-$3 each) from www.linuxmall.com or www.cheapbytes.com. You
> can also get the full boxed sets of various distros from
> www.linuxmall.com and www.cheapbytes.com -- prices range for about $20
> for a low-end set to $100 for deluxe editions.
That sound's easier.
> You'll want to visit www.linuxdoc.org and search the Hardware-HOWTOs to
> determine if you will have problems with incompatible hardware.
Thanks.
> ALL of the distros will have much the same kernel with the same set of
> drivers. And all have the same set of GUI options, although different
> distros have different 'default' settings and different installation
> options. The distros also vary in terms of the set of utilities
> included and what, if any, 'extra' software is included. I think Corel
> Linux includes Word Perfect and Partition Magic, for example.
That helps. Presumably I will still be able to download WP and run it on
another distro?
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Charles Wilkins)
Subject: vim autocmd question
Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 21:04:20 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
With vim, I am currently using an autocommand to execute a function
when files are being written to. The :w command is one way to get the
function to run.
Here is the autocommand I am currently using in my .vimrc
autocmd BufWrite * call Timestamp()
What event specifier do I use to get the above function to execute for
the :x command as well as the :w command ?
Best regards,
Charles
------------------------------
From: Michael Heiming <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: phonesync for linux
Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 23:48:42 +0200
"Jeff D. Hamann" wrote:
>
> I have a win2k laptop and would like to run more linux on the machine and
> would like to find out if there'sn app that I can store AND transfer (like
> phonesync) names and numbers to my cell phone. Is there such a thing?
>
> Jeff.
Depending on the phone you use it may be available, try searching
freshmeat.net.
Good luck
Michael Heiming
------------------------------
From: Floyd Davidson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: env variables
Date: 16 Jun 2001 13:09:20 -0800
"Tom Edelbrok" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>What is the normal way of making environment variables permanent? Where do
>the default ones get set?
>
>I have a way of doing it - I just put any new ones into /etc/bashrc. For
>example:
>
>DISPLAY=blade:0.0 ; export DISPLAY
>
>This works great. Is this the proper place to do it? If so then why do a
>whole bunch of environment variables show up at boot time and they are not
>even found in bashrc?
The bash man page will tell you about which "Shell Variables" it
pre-defines, and of course other shells will be somewhat
different and will also have them listed in the man pages.
In the bash man page, under the heading of "Invocation", there
is an explanation of which startup files are read under what
circumstance. However it is a bit complex and the many possible
ways to use the facilities are not obvious sometimes even to
users with a lot of experience. Putting user specific changes
into a global file, for example, might not be the best way to
accomplish it. The /etc/bashrc file is also specific to your
distribution, so I cannot be positive when it is read (but a
good assumption can be made).
I'll describe one way to organize bash startup files, with a
few hints at other ways to do it.
When you originally login you get a "login shell", and a global
init file (/etc/.profile) is read. We can probably assume your
/etc/bashrc file is read at that time, but that might not be the
case. What /etc/profile should contain is just an absolute bare
minimum setup that is sufficient to allow a usable shell.
The second thing that happens when you login is reading a local
startup file in your home directory, and it will be the first of
these files it finds: ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bash_login, or
~/.profile. Note that other shells, such as sh, also read
~/.profile and hence you might want to avoid that one.
For a login shell, that is it. Note that it did not read
~/.bashrc at all.
>From the command line if you invoke a sub-shell it can either
be an interactive shell or a non-interactive shell, and the
two act differently. If it is an interactive shell it will
read ~/.bashrc and if it is not an interactive shell it will
read whatever file is in the environment variable BASH_ENV.
One way to arrange startup files is to put things that should
only to be done once into ~/.bash_profile. Terminal setup for
example (such as stty commands like "stty erase ^H"). Perhaps
shell functions and environment variables that are exported
(they will be inherited by every subshell and do not need to be
in other startup files) could all go into this file, except
there is no point in including any of them which do not need to
be in non-interactive shells. I like a minimalist view and put
nothing there which could go somewhere else. But two commands
do have to be there, one command to read ~/.bashrc and something
for BASH_ENV, which I set to ~/.bashrc.
Hence a ~/.bash_profile is very simple:
export BASH_ENV="~/.bashrc"
. ~/.bashrc
I then put everything else into ~/.bashrc and allow both
interactive and non-interactive shells to have the same
environment. (With disk caching, where it will all be read from
memory anyway, it makes little difference but when bash was
first written there were lots of very slow hard disks and
systems without caching, hence it was faster to invoke
non-interactive shells without all of the environment that an
interactive shell had.)
With that system you would put your DISPLAY definition into
your local startup file, ~/.bashrc instead of into the global
one.
--
Floyd L. Davidson <http://www.ptialaska.net/~floyd>
Ukpeagvik (Barrow, Alaska) [EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (wb0gaz)
Subject: Re: How do I get the module files for a new kernel build?
Date: 16 Jun 2001 14:59:53 -0700
> w> I'm trying to move from kernel 2.2.14 to 2.2.18 on a redhat 6.2
> w> system (necessary to get the combination of peripherals I want and
> w> the version of Xfree I require all to work together.)
...
> You need the 2.2.18 PCMCIA files, which should be in the same place as
> the 2.2.18 kernel .gz and modutils 2.2.x -- there should be a
> kernel-PCMCIA-2.2.18.tar.gz file (or something like that). The PCMCIA
> modules and support stuff is separate from the base kernel.
>
> It might also be possible (and *easier*) to grab a set of 2.2.18 RPMs
> from a redhat mirror site.
Thanks for the clue! I am not sure how this would be organized, but
looking at redhat and related searches didn't turn up anything. How
are these (module files?) typically labelled or packaged?
Tnx,
Dave
------------------------------
From: "Garry Knight" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: hi
Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 23:18:39 +0100
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, "amod
khardekar" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> please can anybody can help me please mail any site whre i can get free
> books on linux i want to learn linux i am a beginner
Go to Freshmeat <URL: http://freshmeat.net> and search for "rute". It
will lead you to a 4.6 MB .pdf file you can download that's a pretty good
Linux tutorial.
--
Garry Knight
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: "Joel" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: HELP! I just deleted /bin!
Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 17:50:30 -0500
Is there any possible way to undelete files? I just accidentaly deleted my
/bin directory. I had a directory call /bintmp, so I type "rm -R /bin
[TAB]" the enter. I expected it to autocomplete to "rm -R /bintmp" but
since there is a /bin it didn't. What can I do? I still have the bash
prompt up, so is there any possible smidgen of a a way to undelete this
directory? I have spent a lot of time lately building my own distribution,
and I will probably have to start all over if I can't recover that dir.
Thanks in advance.
------------------------------
From: "Arctic Storm" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: What does etc stand for?
Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 19:04:07 -0400
The directory /etc contains a lot of important stuff, but my question is not
about the contents of /etc, but the name etc itself.
I can't believe that the name of the directory /etc comes from the
abbreviation of "et cetera", Latin for "and so forth".
Thanks in advance.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ()
Subject: Re: 4DOS-like cd in a linux shell
Date: 16 Jun 2001 23:17:54 GMT
On 15 Jun 2001 02:28:47 -0700, Sune Trudslev <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>Hello there,
>
>
>I am new to linux and I have been using DOS since the beginning of
>time with 4DOS as a shell.
>
>So I am very used to being able to change directory by typing the
>directory name and end with a backslash, and the the shell will change
>to that directory.
>
>
>I was wondering if anybody knew of a shell under linux that can do
>this. I can use filename completion to actually get the directory name
>under bash, but it just complains that it's a directory.
>
>
>TIA!
>
>
>Regards,
>
>Sune Trudslev
>Linux-newbie.. ;-)
Check out zsh (http://sunsite.dk/zsh/). It can do what you're looking
for (see the AUTO_CD option) and much more.
Peter
------------------------------
From: "Peter Kohut" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.hardware
Subject: Linux, DAT and DOS Tapes
Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 23:31:14 GMT
Hi All,
I've got a problem at hand for which I don't seem to find an easy solution:
I have a machine running Redhat Linux with a SCSI interface and a SONY 4mm
DAT hanging of it. I also have a bunch of tapes which were originally
written using NT Backup and Restore. My question is
a) is there any way that I can restore the content of the tapes using Linux?
b) I also have a second machine running Win 2000, but unfortunately without
SCSI. The Win 2000 machine is connected to the Linux machine using simple
TCP/IP and SAMBA shares. Is it possible to configure the systems such that I
can use the Windows 2000 Backup/Restore application with the DAT drive
hanging of the Linux machine?
All my search so far was pretty fruiteless. Any help is greatly appreciated!
Cheers,
Peter
------------------------------
From: Jean-David Beyer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: What does etc stand for?
Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 20:09:29 -0400
Arctic Storm wrote:
>
> The directory /etc contains a lot of important stuff, but my question is not
> about the contents of /etc, but the name etc itself.
> I can't believe that the name of the directory /etc comes from the
> abbreviation of "et cetera", Latin for "and so forth".
> Thanks in advance.
Start believing.
Way back when, IIRC, there were directories
/bin /dev /lib /usr and /tmp
IIRC, what is now in /boot was right at the top, in /
File systems were limited in size, so as the number of programs went
up, more file systems were needed. /etc was created for "everything
else", such as /etc/rc, /etc/passwd, and /etc/group; /etc/rc was used
sort-of as /etc/inittab is now used.
Later directories /usr/bin /usr/include and /usr lib were added for
stuff that was to be local to a given machine, but could not be
assumed to exist on other machines. This was to simplify
administration, but since the stuff was never documented,
administrators did not understand it and a mess ensued.
--
.~. Jean-David Beyer Registered Linux User 85642.
/V\ Registered Machine 73926.
/( )\ Shrewsbury, New Jersey http://counter.li.org
^^-^^ 8:00pm up 9 days, 8:55, 4 users, load average: 2.12, 2.10, 2.05
------------------------------
From: "Tom Edelbrok" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: ip masquerading help please
Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2001 00:16:28 GMT
You are using ipchains? Can you post your firewall script? If you just want
basic NAT you can do it in about 4 lines of code included in your firewall.
Send more info.
Also, what are the errors you are getting? (give a message?).
Finally, turn ip forwarding on in the linux box or you will get nowhere,
even with an ipchains firewall script.
Tom
"mark" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:riPW6.11862$[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> Hi all,
>
> I have two machines one running redhat linux 7.1 and the second one is
> running windows 98. I followed the ip masqerading howto to the letter and
> still no luck. i can ping the from either machine to the other fine, but
> the problem is i get alot of modules errors at boot time. all of them are
> coming from the ip masquerading modules. I didn't compile the kernel, just
> used what is provided by redhat. any one seen these problems ? what do i
> have to do to get this to work?
>
> thanx alot
> mark
------------------------------
From: "Tom Edelbrok" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: apache on RH not starting automatically
Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2001 00:19:32 GMT
Have you added it to chkconfig? It should show 'on' for some runlevels. You
add it to chkconfig by placing a couple lines of code at the top of the
startup script, then do a 'man chkconfig' to see how to add it. It shouldn't
show off for all runlevels if it has been added properly via chkconfig.
Tom
"Gerry" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:_8OW6.41592$[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> I just loaded up Red Hat 7.1. Apache 1.3.19-5 is installed, and will run
if
> I execute /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd start. It does not start by itself when
I
> boot the machine. When I do a chkconfig --list httpd, it's off in every
run
> level until I start it manually. How do I make apache start when the
> machine boots? And how do I change the order of services that start at
> startup as well. Thanks for your help in advance....
>
> Gerry
>
>
------------------------------
From: John Hasler <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: What does etc stand for?
Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 23:37:14 GMT
Arctic Storm writes:
> I can't believe that the name of the directory /etc comes from the
> abbreviation of "et cetera", Latin for "and so forth".
Well, if you can't you can't. I tend to think that Kernigan and Pike
know what they are talking about, though.
--
John Hasler
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Dancing Horse Hill
Elmwood, Wisconsin
------------------------------
From: "Duncan MacGregor" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux.mandrake
Subject: Re: In Linux, how can I read CDRW data store at Win2k?
Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2001 20:29:20 -0400
In article <9fi1ms$jko$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, "Eric" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
>> If you mount my CDRW disc as iso9660, I see the following files:
>>
>> autorun.inf* udfrinst.exe*
>>
These are two Windoze files, that will automatically install a UDF file
reader in windoze, if you do not see the disk as being UDF.
------------------------------
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