On Dec 5, 2008, at 12:30 PM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
In reply to Horace Heffner's message of Fri, 5 Dec 2008 08:42:53
-0900:
[snip]
The only thing anomalous about the
experiment so far, beyond any reasonable doubt, is the presence of
gammas. The gammas are associated with the Pt catalyst heat, and
that is because (unfortunately) the thermocouple was placed right up
against the catalyst.
Why do you consider this unfortunate?
The small volume and weight of the catalyst plus thermocouple
provides a very small heat capacity which thus can provide highly
misleading data with regard to total energy flux. For example, if
cell pressure is reduced, or if hydrogen is degassed from the metal
cell walls by the dropping temperature of the walls, then atomic
hydrogen might be recombining (H + H -> H2) (or chemically
recombining with carbon in various ways) on the surface of the
catalyst. This would give a wrongful impression of excess heat. I
think there is likely no substitute for an independent external
calorimetry envelope in this case.
The gammas and "excess heat" primarily
materialize when the temperature of the cell is dropped. Though the
numbers don't show it, I would expect the pressure in the cell to
drop as temperature drops, and this would cause a maximal rate of
hydrogen degassing, i.e. inter-site tunneling, which is conducive to
fusion, or at least formation of high energy electron containing
pre-
fusion nuclei.
I assume you are proposing that the electron enters the nucleus first.
No is the short answer here. Sorry for the confusion. I have
suggested things here on vortex based on two differing models. One
was my remarks based on Mill's hydrino model. The text you are
responding to here is based on my deflation fusion model, which is
described here:
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/DeflationFusion2.pdf
These models suggest very different things. In the deflation fusion
model hydrogen, whether the hydrogen is in a molecule or adsorbed in
a metal lattice, occupies two independent states simultaneously -
i.e. the electron quantum waveform has some finite probability, upon
observation, of being found in a high energy state in the nucleus,
and the conjugate probability of being found in a comparatively low
(chemical) energy ordinary orbital state. As with typical tunneling
barriers, there is no continuity between the two states, the electron
quantum wave function, until wave function collapse, has a dual but
equal energy state. The electron in effect can hop in and out of the
deflated state without energy change and without radiation, and thus
the deflated state is called a degenerate state. If energetically
favorable, the deflated state hydrogen can tunnel *as a combined
electron-hydrogen entity* into adjacent nuclei. IN other words the
combined wave function of the deflated state hydrogen has some
probability of being found in adjacent nuclei, which in the case of a
CH (not CH+) would be a carbon atom.
An
interesting idea. It would (temporarily) lower the atomic number of
the nucleus
by 1, making the tunneling of the proton far more likely.
No, they tunnel together simultaneously, due to their binding energy,
just as about 50% of the time electron pairs tunnel across Josephson
junctions simultaneously. What is unique about the deflated state is
the small size of the electron when it is in that state.
This would have huge consequences for fusion between Hydrogen
isotopes, where it
would temporarily result in the complete disappearance of the
Coulomb barrier.
And that is indeed the premise of the deflation fusion model.
If we further assume that the chance of a Hydrino's
There is no hydrino involved in this model as I have spoken of it,
though it certainly is true that hydrinos, if they exist, may be able
to occupy a deflated state just as well as ordinary hydrogen, and
maybe with even higher probability or regularity.
shrunken electron ending up
in the target nucleus is greater than in the case of normal ground
state
Hydrogen, combined with the shorter tunneling distance in the
Hydrino case, then
Hydrino fusion becomes almost "easy". ;)
Under the inflation fusion model I would in fact expect that most of
the "13C" is in fact CH, because the heat released and total gamma
energy can not account for the actual fusion of so much 13C.
Further, the C+p reaction is weak, and thus should have a very small
cross section. Just because the deflated hydrogen can tunnel into
the C nucleus with significant probability doesn't mean fusion
actually occurs. The energy released by a slow process of "re-
inflating" would in fact produce gammas, and the source for that
energy is the zero point field. This is one reason I suggested using
D instead of H. That should really increase the nuclear signature,
and it should produce C14, which is readily assayed with great
accuracy by liquid scintillation counting.
I would expect C12 + D -> N14, particularly since C14 normally
decays to N14,
hence I wouldn't expect the reverse process to occur.
Yes, but I still think there is reason to expect some can go to C14
in the electron catalyzed reaction. If C+p+e causes an electron
capture with observable probability, despite all common sense to the
contrary, and despite the assumedly small week force reaction cross
section, then C+D+e may similarly result in an electron capture, as
may C13+p+e.
The reasons I made the suggestion to check for C14 are: (1) it is
cheap, (2) it is quantitatively very accurate to incredibly small
quantities, (3) it can be accomplished after the fact, and (4) the
probability of increased C14 ma be small but finding it could have
dramatic consequences.
BTW, I ran across the following patent application that may be of
interest:
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/EP1156492.html
"Apparatus for transmuting nitrogen 14 into carbon 14"
In this application I noted a most startling statement: "Carbon 14
(C14) in crystalline (diamond) form is a superconductor of great
potential value to the electric utility industry because of the
temperature range of C14 superconductivity from near absolute zero to
the burning temperature of carbon. In addition, the great strength of
C14 is of potential importance to the design of electric power lines,
generators, motors, and transformers."
It is comparatively easy these days to deposit diamond films. A
cheap source of C14 could be invaluable.
Best regards,
Horace Heffner
http://www.mtaonline.net/~hheffner/
