Ed, do you consider the emission of photons as a result of interaction of the protons due to the coulomb force between them or the strong force? It seems that the initial distances are much to far apart to involve interaction by strong force.
Dave -----Original Message----- From: Edmund Storms <[email protected]> To: vortex-l <[email protected]> Cc: Edmund Storms <[email protected]> Sent: Mon, May 27, 2013 10:11 am Subject: Re: [Vo]:Isotope separation technology can be improved On May 27, 2013, at 12:17 AM, Harry Veeder wrote: On Sat, May 25, 2013 at 10:30 AM, Edmund Storms <[email protected]> wrote: On May 24, 2013, at 10:38 PM, Harry Veeder wrote: The process you have described has the characteristics of a ratchet. Curiously, Jones used the ratchet metaphor in another post where he characterised the effect of modulating the input on the cell. Yes Harry, this can be called a ratchet. All kinds of ratchets exist in Nature. The challenge is to find the cause. In this case, the nuclei have to communicate before they have fused into a single nuclei. The form of htat communication is unknown, but very important. Once discovered, this will get someone the Nobel prize. Imagine the following sequence. The nuclei are held apart by an electron bond, which is normally the case. Once formed, this structure starts to resonate so that the two nuclei get periodically closer together. As they approach each other, information is exchanged between the nuclei that tells them they have too much mass -energy for being this close. After all, if they were in contact, the excess mass-energy would be 24 MeV if the nuclei were deuterons. But they are not in contact yet, so that the excess mass-energy is less than the maximum. Nevertheless, this excess must be dissipated, which each nuclei does by emitting a photon having 1/2 of the excess energy for the distance achieved. After the photons are emitted, the resonance moves the two nuclei apart, but this time not as far as previously the case. The next resonance cycle again brings the nuclei close, but this time they come closer than before, again with emission of two photons. This cycle repeats until all energy has been dissipated and the two nuclei are in contact. The intervening electron, that was necessary to the process, is sucked into the final nucleus. Because very little energy is released by entry of the electron, the neutrino, if it is emitted at all, has very little energy available to carry away. This process, I suggest, is the unique and previously unknown phenomenon that CF has revealed. Ed, Typically we associate quantization with attractive forces as is the case with an electron and a proton in a hydrogen atom, but your system involves quantization with repulsive forces. Like charges repel and unlike charges attract. Quantization is always a balance between attraction and repulsion. Consequently, I do not understand your point. Resonance occurs when an object can alternate between between attraction and repulsion. This combination results in forces that can move an object between these two extremes as long as energy is supplied. If pushing an electron and proton apart can happen in steps through the absorption of photons, I guess it follows that pushing together of protons can happen in steps through the emission of photons. Your description is not correct. Photon emission only occurs when the electron RETURNS to its original energy level. I'm not suggesting the electron has an role in emitting a photon. I'm proposing that a photon is emitted FROM THE NUCLEUS when two nuclei get too close to each other. Nuclei can not normally get this close. Consequently, the process is not normally possible. The conditions in the NAE make this possible. However, in the former situation "the pushing apart" is the effect but the absorption of the photons is the cause, whereas in the latter situation the pushing together is the cause, and the emission of photons is effect....or is it? ;-) The protons try to get close, but this is not possible because of the Coulomb barrier. Nevertheless, at a critical distance, they discover that if they gave off a little energy they could get closer. This is like an explosive suddenly discovering that if it rearranged the atoms, it could give off energy. In the case of the protons, the resonance process intervenes and stops the energy release before it can be complete. As a result, only a photon having low energy can be released. But then resonance again brings the two protons close and another photon is emitted from each proton. This process repeats until all energy is removed and the final nucleus is formed. Ed Storms If it is the cause, then the emission of photons serves to pull the protons together. Harry PS. Wikipedia says the fractional quantum hall effect also involves quantized states of repulsion although they are between electrons rather than protons and deuterons.
