Re: Another Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-27 Thread Christopher C. Lund
Last week, we discussed the new immigration bill that will make it a felony to “assist” an alien “to remain in the United States.” Religious and secular humanitarian groups fear potential prosecution as a result of the changes. Stuart Buck asked: “I don’t know immigration law well enough to

Re: Another Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-27 Thread marty . lederman
That's very helpful, Chris. So, please allow me to repeat the question I asked last week, which did not prompt any responses then: If the new statute would, indeed, impinge on churches' religious missions as much as Chris's post suggests, then can/must/should Congress enact a religious

RE: Another Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-27 Thread Friedman, Howard M.
Title: RE: Another Catholic Charities Issue Don Byrd at Blog From the Capital reports tonight that the Senate Judiciary Committee hasapproved an amendment to the immigration reform bill that would exempt charitable organizations and local churches providing humanitarian assistance

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-23 Thread Newsom Michael
: Wednesday, March 22, 2006 6:41 PM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: Re: Catholic Charities Issue Newsom Michael wrote: I am not sure that we have a mirror here. Gay people are trying to get out from under an oppressive regime the likes of which conservative believers have not had

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-23 Thread RLCyr
Ed wrote: But I don't think that gay liberation requires forcing churches and religious organizations to change either their personal beliefs or their actions *within the confines of those organizations* We certainly want to prevent such people from imposing their beliefs on the

Another Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-22 Thread Marty Lederman
Interesting Op-Ed in today's Times by the Cardinal Arhcbishop of Los Angeles, who apparently plans to instruct the priests of his archdiocese to disobey a proposed law that would subject them, as well as other church and humanitarian workers, to criminal penalties for "assisting"

RE: Another Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-22 Thread Stuart BUCK
churches or their social services.” From: Marty Lederman [EMAIL PROTECTED] Reply-To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics religionlaw@lists.ucla.edu To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics religionlaw@lists.ucla.edu Subject: Another Catholic Charities Issue Date: Wed, 22 Mar 2006 08:56:07

Re: Another Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-22 Thread marty . lederman
I hope my posts were not understood to be beating up on [the Catholic Church] thinking that homosexual conduct is sinful. Although I think that religious perspective is very unfortunate, I do not for a second question the sincerity or legitimacy of the Church's views (even if, on the question

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-22 Thread Nathan Oman
I am not sure that we have a mirror here. Gay people are trying to get out from under an oppressive regime the likes of which conservative believers have not had to endure - nor are likely to. This just seems to muddy the issue to me. Doug's claim is not that gays and conservative Christians

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-22 Thread Newsom Michael
I don't understand your point about free passes. -Original Message- From: Nathan Oman [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Wednesday, March 22, 2006 6:28 PM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue I am not sure that we have a mirror here. Gay people

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-22 Thread Ed Brayton
Newsom Michael wrote: I am not sure that we have a mirror here. Gay people are trying to get out from under an oppressive regime the likes of which conservative believers have not had to endure nor are likely to. While I agree with this, I don't think it

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-21 Thread Marc Stern
context. . Marc Stern f From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Douglas Laycock Sent: Monday, March 20, 2006 8:25 PM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] on behalf of Newsom

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-21 Thread Douglas Laycock
issues for Law AcademicsSubject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue If by religious liberty interests you mean the right to exclude, and perhaps even to harass and intimidate, then I suppose that you have responded fairly to my query. If one were to define religious liberty interests differently

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-21 Thread Newsom Michael
, March 21, 2006 8:48 AM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue You could add the op[position to enhance d protection for religions workers in the workplace because such legislation might empower claims impinging on gay rights, gay groups that sued Yeshiva

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-21 Thread Newsom Michael
of their sexual conduct. I am not aware of any movement on the part of gays and lesbians to imprison Professor Smolin. From: Douglas Laycock [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Tuesday, March 21, 2006 1:31 PM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue I do

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-21 Thread Mark Graber
I'm getting confused by this thread. Last time I looked, Doug Laycock was not regarded as one of the central legal thinkers for the religious right. No doubt he has some positions that are similar. I also agree with the Pope that the death penalty is inconsistent with human dignity. Does not

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-21 Thread Scarberry, Mark
I assume then that Michael would have no problem with the law requiring the Catholic Church to ordain women. Mark Scarberry Pepperdine -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Sent: 3/21/2006 10:31 AM Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-21 Thread Newsom Michael
Academics ' Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue I assume then that Michael would have no problem with the law requiring the Catholic Church to ordain women. Mark Scarberry Pepperdine -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Sent: 3/21/2006

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-21 Thread Douglas Laycock
727 E. Dean Keeton St. Austin, TX 78705 512-232-1341 (phone) 512-471-6988 (fax) -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Mark Graber Sent: Tuesday, March 21, 2006 12:54 PM To: religionlaw@lists.ucla.edu Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-20 Thread Newsom Michael
No, it really isnt nonsense. Anti-gay violence exists on a far larger scale than you are prepared to admit. Sorry. From: Brad M Pardee [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Monday, March 13, 2006 11:55 AM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: RE: Catholic Charities

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-20 Thread Mark Graber
to admit. Sorry. _ From: Brad M Pardee [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Monday, March 13, 2006 11:55 AM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue Nonsense. The number of people who believe they have the responsibility to bash in gay heads

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-20 Thread Newsom Michael
-Original Message- From: Volokh, Eugene [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sent: Monday, March 20, 2006 1:20 PM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue Hmm; is there any data that would support this assertion? (I take it that the assertion

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-20 Thread Douglas Laycock
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] on behalf of Newsom Michael Sent: Mon 3/20/2006 3:36 PM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue Could you give some examples of gay rights proponents who ignore religious liberty interests

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-17 Thread Marc Stern
Duncan Sent: Thursday, March 16, 2006 7:49 PM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue By a remarkable coincidence, I have been reading J. Budziszewski's wonderful book, The Revenge of Conscience: Politics and the Fall of Man, as the story about Catholic

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-16 Thread Rick Duncan
Jeff Jacoby has an excellent column in today's Boston Globe here. And here is a money quote: Note well: Catholic Charities made no effort to block same-sex couples from adopting. It asked no one to endorse its belief that homosexual adoption is wrong. It wanted only to go on finding loving

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-16 Thread Ed Brayton
Rick Duncan wrote: Jeff Jacoby has an excellent column in today's Boston Globe here. And here is a money quote: I think that Glendon's quote at the end is a bit over the top and she doesn't make a distinction between discrimination and withdrawal of government funding. However, I tend to

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-16 Thread Lupu
Perhaps there is a fearful symmetry between 1) the Catholic Church's position on same-sex marriage (i.e., we don't want the state to give its imprimatur to such arrangements, even though the arrangements will not be imposed coercively on the church -- the church can still refuse to perform or

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-16 Thread Scarberry, Mark
for Law Academics; Law Religion issues for Law Academics Sent: 3/16/2006 2:04 PM Subject: Re: Catholic Charities Issue Sorry if I missed it, but has anyone yet posted any reliable information about what it is, exactly, that Massachusetts will deny Catholic Charities if CC does not agree

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-16 Thread Rick Duncan
By a remarkable coincidence, I have been reading J. Budziszewski's wonderful book, The Revenge of Conscience: Politics and the Fall of Man, as the story about Catholic Charities has been breaking. It is a timely book to say the least.But itis alsonot a book for everyone; some of you will no doubt

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-14 Thread Rick Duncan
The editorial in today's Boston Globe was written by Dean John Garvey and the following excerpt relates to the discussion we have been having about the conflict between typical gay rights laws and religious liberty:It seems surprising that the state would want to put the Catholic Church out of

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-13 Thread Brad Pardee
Michael Newsom wrote, Being 'marginalized' and called a 'homophobe' is not quite the same thing as having your brains beat in because you are gay. To suppose that the two are morally equivalent is to make, with respect, a categorical error. It's true that these two are not morally

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-13 Thread Rick Duncan
I think Christopher Lund captures a valuable insight about competing notions of identity. My friend from UT, J Bud, makes a point that strike me as similar when he talks about our various zones of tolerance: The bottom line is that Neutrality is no more coherent in the matter of religious

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-13 Thread Mark Graber
I guess I get more confused by this debate as it goes on. 1. Part of my confusion is on the debate over the status of gay abortions in the Catholic Church. I'm not sure why we are debating the issue. Presumably if the Catholic Bishops of Boston claim to have religious reasons for not engaging

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-13 Thread Will Esser
Can anyone supply the text of the Massachusetts law which Catholic Charities was reacting against? There have been several stories about Governor Romney trying to craft an exemption to the law for Catholic Charities, but I have not located the actual text of the law in question.Thanks.

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-13 Thread Rick Duncan
Mark: I think Rust controls here, and, thus, the state has the power to define the rules any way it wishes to govern its own program. So CC had to walk if it wished to obey God. But the rule, although probably within the power of the state to enact, has the effect of excluding--as immoral--CC

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-13 Thread Mark Graber
As this post demonstrates, Rick and I simply disagree over good state policy. He would allow Catholic Charities to exclude. I would not, which practically excludes Catholic Charities from the program. Both both of us are being inclusive and exclusive, so discussion of tolerance in the abstract

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-13 Thread Scarberry, Mark
PROTECTED] To: religionlaw@lists.ucla.edu Sent: 3/13/2006 7:02 AM Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue I guess I get more confused by this debate as it goes on. 1. Part of my confusion is on the debate over the status of gay abortions in the Catholic Church. I'm not sure why we are debating

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-13 Thread Newsom Michael
, March 13, 2006 5:44 AM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: Re: Catholic Charities Issue Michael Newsom wrote, Being 'marginalized' and called a 'homophobe' is not quite the same thing as having your brains beat in because you are gay. To suppose that the two are morally equivalent

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-13 Thread Mark Graber
/2006 7:02 AM Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue I guess I get more confused by this debate as it goes on. 1. Part of my confusion is on the debate over the status of gay abortions in the Catholic Church. I'm not sure why we are debating the issue. Presumably if the Catholic Bishops of Boston

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-13 Thread Brad M Pardee
Nonsense. The number of people who believe they have the responsibility to bash in gay heads is a minute percentage of those whose faith teaches that sexual intimacy is reserved for heterosexual monogamous marriage, just as those who blow up abortion clinics are a minute percentage of those faith

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-13 Thread Andrew Wyatt
Academics Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue Mark: I think Rust controls here, and, thus, the state has the power to define the rules any way it wishes to govern its own program. So CC had to walk if it wished to obey God. But the rule, although probably within the power of the state

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-13 Thread Steven Jamar
On Mar 13, 2006, at 11:20 AM, Scarberry, Mark wrote:Mark Graber and Steve Jamar both seem to be arguing that certain activities,including provision of adoption services, are secular activities that thestate should be free to regulate in any reasonable manner, even if theregulation prevents a

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-13 Thread RJLipkin
In a message dated 3/13/2006 11:24:00 AM Eastern Standard Time, [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Separation was not meant to cause subordination. But, if due to changed circumstances, "separation" causes subordination, why wouldn't Judge McConnell,an originalist, seek the remedy in Article Five,

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-13 Thread Scarberry, Mark
for Law Academics Sent: 3/13/2006 9:00 AM Subject: Re: Catholic Charities Issue On Mar 13, 2006, at 11:20 AM, Scarberry, Mark wrote: Mark Graber and Steve Jamar both seem to be arguing that certain activities, including provision of adoption services, are secular activities that the state

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-13 Thread Alan Brownstein
PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Mark Graber Sent: Monday, March 13, 2006 8:30 AM To: religionlaw@lists.ucla.edu Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue Maybe government should get out of the adoption business. Maybe it should get out of the marriage business (would solve a lot of problems), but at the end

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-12 Thread Steven Jamar
It is not a zero-sum game.  The Us or Them mentality is the true intolerance.Requiring religious institutions doing secular activities to comply with secular rules is not persecution.  Medical treatment and adoption services and education are secular activities.Sure, one can complain about the

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-12 Thread Douglas Laycock
Rick asks: "Who else has a political agenda that targets the ordinary activities (such as adoption ministries and health benefits)of mainstream religious institutions and turns these ministries into unlawful acts." Answer: Land useplanners. On the conflict between sexual liberty and

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-12 Thread Rick Duncan
Doug is right--land use planners also target the ordinary activities of mainstream religious ministries that are merely trying to worship or do good works. But one difference is that zoning laws don't stigmatize ministries as outlaws whose activities and programs are contrary to the law and

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-12 Thread Christopher C. Lund
for Law Academics religionlaw@lists.ucla.edu Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue Date: Sat, 11 Mar 2006 20:45:50 -0800 Not only isn't it impossible to have both gay rights and religious liberty, the core of both sets of claims have common foundations. It makes no more sense for a gay activist

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-12 Thread Hamilton02
It has absolutely nothing to do with religious activities, but rather the intensity of the use of land. I haven't met someone opposed to a religious project yet that could have cared less whether it was a religious project or an automotive repair shop. First, those opposedare invariably

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-12 Thread Hamilton02
Rick- I would have thought you would not fall into this sort of either/or reasoning given that it implicates the free market. There is a free market in the provision of services, including charitable services,and if a religious organization drops out, others will step in. To think that the

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-12 Thread Newsom Michael
that science establishes or suggests.) From: Alan Brownstein [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of Alan Brownstein Sent: Saturday, March 11, 2006 11:46 PM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue Not only isn't it impossible to have both gay

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-12 Thread David E. Guinn
-- except that it would be used by Muslims. Yet the challenge, as I recall, was justified on grounds of land use. David - Original Message - From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: religionlaw@lists.ucla.edu Sent: Sunday, March 12, 2006 3:00 PM Subject: Re: Catholic Charitie

Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Rick Duncan
The Boston Globe has two good articles today on the decision by the Archdiocese to end its adoption services rather than submit to the government's antidiscrimination rules requiring the Church to place children with homosexual couples despite its sincerely held religious belief that ''allowing

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Paul Finkelman
I wonder if the Catholic Church should withdraw all support for the prison system because the Church opposes Capital punishment? It would be a shame for those on death row not to get last rites, or those in prison not to be able to talk to a priest, but at least the Church would be consistent.

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Rick Duncan
Paul: If Catholic priests were required to perform or directly facilitate executions as acondition of visiting prisoners, my guess isthe Churchwould indeed withdraw from prison ministry. This is what the state of Massachusetts is doing to CC in the adoption area--it is requiring CC to arrange for

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Paul Finkelman
Catholics are not being asked to be gay by helping with adoptions, and they do "facilitate executions" by helping prepare the person for death. The church helps arrange executions by offering confession etc. to people who are about to be executed. Why does the church focus on one line in Lev.

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Will Esser
Paul,Yourcomparison doesn't fit and doesn't reveal any inconsistency on the part of the Church. Catholic Charities withdrew from the adoption arena, because the state mandate would require it to actively participate in the actual act with which it disagreed (i.e. placing children for adoption

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Douglas Laycock
3/11/2006 12:35 PM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: Re: Catholic Charities Issue Paul, Your comparison doesn't fit and doesn't reveal any inconsistency on the part of the Church. Catholic Charities withdrew from the adoption arena, because the state mandate would require

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Marty Lederman
PROTECTED] To: "Law Religion issues for Law Academics" religionlaw@lists.ucla.edu Sent: Saturday, March 11, 2006 2:09 PM Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue Application of this law to Catholic Charities should have raised a quite plausible claim under the Massachusetts Free Exe

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Paul Finkelman
to the extent the Church helps the prison system keep order in the prison; helps prepare priosners for death the church is complicitous in executions. The problem is the church is willing to take a stand on issues that politically appeal to the church adn not others; it is like the Catholic

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Douglas Laycock
of Marty Lederman Sent: Sat 3/11/2006 1:22 PM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: Re: Catholic Charities Issue Doug, under Massachusetts law would CC's inability to engage in adoption services (which I assume means being in the business of arranging adoptions) result

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Rick Duncan
rden on its religious exercise? - Original Message - From: "Douglas Laycock" [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: "Law Religion issues for Law Academics" religionlaw@lists.ucla.edu Sent: Saturday, March 11, 2006 2:09 PM Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue Application of this law to Catho

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Alan Brownstein
: Catholic Charities Issue It may be a business to the state, although even the state recognizes that it's not for profit. I assume it's a corporal work of mercy to the church. Recharacterizing religious activities as businesses, because it costs money to sustain them or because other groups

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Marty Lederman
that restriction impinges on religious liberty. - Original Message - From: "Douglas Laycock" [EMAIL PROTECTED] To: "Law Religion issues for Law Academics" religionlaw@lists.ucla.edu Sent: Saturday, March 11, 2006 2:57 PM Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue It may be a b

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Marty Lederman
Uh, that would be "genuinely curious." Sorry - Original Message - From: Marty Lederman To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Sent: Saturday, March 11, 2006 5:33 PM Subject: Re: Catholic Charities Issue I didn't mean to question the sincere

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Richard Dougherty
] on behalf of Marty Lederman Sent: Sat 3/11/2006 1:22 PM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: Re: Catholic Charities Issue Doug, under Massachusetts law would CC's inability to engage in adoption services (which I assume means being in the business of arranging adoptions) result

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Rick Duncan
Religion issues for Law Academics Sent: Saturday, March 11, 2006 5:33 PM Subject: Re: Catholic Charities IssueI didn't mean to question the sincere religious motivation of Catholic Charities (or the Bishops whose decree it is following). I was simply curious what it is, exactly, that Mas

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Hamilton02
What this disputere: Catholic Charities illustrates is the danger of any religious institution in relying upon government funding for its programs. Government funding always comes with strings. In general, Catholic Charities gets 86% of its funding from government sources, 14% from private,

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Douglas Laycock
Religion issues for Law AcademicsSubject: Re: Catholic Charities Issue Marty, I could be wrong about this because I am relying on my recollection of news reports, but I think the problem is that CC's entire adoption program concerns finding homes forhard-to-adopt children in state custody

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Alan Brownstein
. Alan Brownstein From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] on behalf of Rick Duncan Sent: Sat 3/11/2006 3:31 PM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: Re: Catholic Charities Issue Marty, I could be wrong about this because I am relying on my recollection of news

Re: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Rick Duncan
I think Marci and Doug are spot on. The state, as in Rust, says "this is our program, take it or leave it." CC says, "okay, we'll leave it." CC loses a part of its ministry, the state loses one of its best adoption-service providers, and the kids stay in state custody longer (and, for some,

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Douglas Laycock
would protect both sides. Douglas Laycock University of Texas Law School 727 E. Dean Keeton St. Austin, TX 78705 512-232-1341 512-471-6988 (fax) From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] on behalf of Rick DuncanSent: Sat 3/11/2006 8:22 PMTo: Law Religion issues for Law AcademicsSubject: Re: Catholic Charities

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Alan Brownstein
not reasonably be asked to do that. Alan Brownstein From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] on behalf of Douglas Laycock Sent: Sat 3/11/2006 7:42 PM To: Law Religion issues for Law Academics; Law Religion issues for Law Academics Subject: RE: Catholic Charities Issue

RE: Catholic Charities Issue

2006-03-11 Thread Rick Duncan
: Law Religion issues for Law AcademicsSubject: Re: Catholic Charities IssueI think Marci and Doug are spot on. The state, as in Rust, says "this is our program, take it or leave it." CC says, "okay, we'll leave it." CC loses a part of its ministry, the state loses one of its