> Where neither source mentioned that there was anything "proved in
> court", as there was never a trial on that matter.

Right, it wasn't. So the rumour part was _only_ the mention of "proved in  
court", which it didn't quite reach. But it isn't a rumour at all that  
MS-DOS 7 and 8 were unnecessarily tied to MS Windows 4.

Regarding that, more of the sources specify in detail that Caldera showed  
(and even some of Microsoft's developers that worked on MS Windows 4 and  
MS-DOS 7 explained/agreed) that both of them could very easily have been  
separated:

http://www.maxframe.com/DR/Info/fullstory/tech.html (lots of details)
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/600488.stm (mentions settlement that  
instead happened, and "Caldera was able to demonstrate publicly Windows 95  
running with DR-DOS", and "it was thought unlikely that Microsoft would  
win because of the strength of the evidence that Caldera had partially  
disclosed")

> There was an out-of-court settlement before it came to a trial, which
> beside apparently putting some money in Caldera's

It is right that the settlement occurred instead.

> robs us now to actual see what was claimed and what in fact the ties
> between Windows 95 and DOS at that point was...

Even as we don't have the implementation, the first source above does  
specify a lot of details.

And here's a less official, though also interesting source: a post  
authored by Matthias Paul on 2007-12-18. It also has some technical  
comments:

http://www.msfn.org/board/topic/109018-windows-98-in-dr-dos/page__view__findpost__p__721209

MP> [...] "WinGlue" basically just faked a number of undocumented
MP> interfaces and data structures, [...] it was decided to fork
MP> the kernel and directly add full MS-DOS 7.0 (and later 7.1)
MP> support into the DR-DOS kernel. The DOS 7 compatible fork was
MP> nicknamed DR-DOS "WinBolt" [...]

So, WinGlue ("Scheibenkleister") was a basic device driver to make MS  
Windows 4 load, and WinBolt was a 7.02-ish fork of the kernel to fully  
support the new interfaces. The post also acknowledges that a different  
fork went on to be released as 7.03.

> Rather to the contrary, if it would be that close, thunking should
> not be necessary in the first place (or to a far lesser extend).

Without the parenthetical remark, you would be incorrect, because at least  
pointers/buffers do have to be translated or made compatible somehow, no  
matter how close the systems are [unless hypothetically the 32-bit APIs  
artificially were limited to only using 16-bit registers and pointers].

> And the issue of "16 bit thunking in Windows 95" ran itself out
> after more and more programs where specifically written for Win32
> instead of relying on old Windows 3.x 16bit code/DLLs.

That's to be expected regardless of thunking details.

Regards,
Chris

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