Reading a DVD with a scratch
Hi, I've got a DVD with a 1.2cm scratch nearly parallel to the track. This doesn't prevent mounting, and mplayer can play all other .vob files. The scratch happens to be in the middle of a single .vob file, so when mplayer reaches it, it freezes and a lot of READ BIG messages appear on the console (as expected). Now the question: is there a way to read up to the scratch, seek forward to skip that region, and then to continue reading? The idea is to dd as much of the .vob file as possible up to the scratch; skip (how much? how to find out? reading the file backwards?) then dd the rest of the file, and cat both parts. The problem probably boils down to: how can a process detect beginning and end of the scratch, without freezing in read(2)? Any ideas how to do it? Thanks, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
BOINC SETI Version for FreeBSD?
Hi, any chance to see a port of the BOINC version of setiathome in the future? Source code to both boinc and seti boinc is available, but no port yet... Could a ports guru please have a look? Thanks. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: BOINC SETI Version for FreeBSD?
Remko Lodder: Cordula's Web wrote: any chance to see a port of the BOINC version of setiathome in the future? Source code to both boinc and seti boinc is available, but no port yet... Could a ports guru please have a look? I very recently (yesterday?) saw somone who almost ported it over. Checkout the freebsd-ports archive for more information.. Ah yes, there it is: http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/getmsg.cgi?fetch=624105+0+current/freebsd-ports I must have missed it. Silly me. Many thanks, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Snapshot question
[Does a snapshot change between backup and verify?]
http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20040629135105.GB27491
Kevin A. Pieckiel wrote:
cd /
mksnap_ffs /var /var/.snap/backup.snap
mdconfig -a -t vnode -f /var/.snap/backup.snap -u 6
mount -r /dev/md6 /mnt/backup/root.var
tar -cvf ${BACKUP_DEVICE} --totals --preserve \
--blocking-factor ${BACKUP_BLOCKSIZE} --block-number --multi-volume \
--new-volume-script ${PROGROOT}/next.sh \
--newer-mtime ${TIMESTAMP} ${BACKUP_FLAGS} \
${BACKUP_PATHS} ${LOGFILE} 21
tar --compare -f ${BACKUP_DEVICE} --blocking-factor ${BACKUP_BLOCKSIZE} \
--multi-volume --new-volume-script ${PROGROOT}/next.sh ${COMPAREFILE} 21
umount /mnt/backup/root.var
mdconfig -d -u 6
rm -f /var/.snap/backup.snap
Here, BACKUP_PATHS is set as follows:
BACKUP_PATHS=/mnt/backup
Strange. I can't reproduce this bug. All snapshots I'm taking on
a very active FS are still 100% stable. Since you're mounting the
snapshot read-only, nothing _should_ change. Anyone else experiencing
this behaviour?
-cpghost.
--
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Re: BSD on a floppy?
I'm new to the list and was wondering if there was a BSD version that would run on a write protected floppy without a HD to use for a router/firewall? I don't know about floppy, but if you're using CURRENT, nanobsd works fine for CF cards: /usr/src/tools/tools/nanobsd. You may also check out picobsd. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Snapshot question
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: When I do my compare of my tape against my snapshot, it's not uncommon for one or two files (always the same files) to be different. The most usual culprit being my winbindd_cache.tdb file for Samba. I thought the snapshot would not change over time as the files on the filesystem change. Does this definitively indicate this particular file isn't being written to tape correctly most nights? (Yes, I *AM* backing up my snapshot and comparing the backup to my snapshot, not the live filesystem.) Are you sure you are comparing against the correct snapshot? If you use dump -L, the snapshot is created, opened, and immediately unlinked, then the open file is saved. After dump exits, the snapshot file is pysically released. Are you creating a snapshot manually? What commands do you use exactly? -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: [FreeBSD] Ftp Server
but I need to point the ftp to the right directory /usr/local/www/data (I believe) How do I do this? Set the home directory of that user to /usr/local/www/data. Use 'vipw' to edit the password file directly. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Compiling only the base system?
how can I compile just the base system (sysinstall's minimal install) from CURRENT sources in /usr/src into DESTDIR=/some/nonstandard/path? There is certainly some magic in .mk files to do this. I'm just too blind to find it... If you're running -current, check the /usr/src/tools/tools/nanobsd directory. There's also some discussion on this in the archives. Ah yes. Tweaking make.conf variables like this generates a useable object tree! Thanks for all the help, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Compiling only the base system?
15 Jun 2004 08:19:04 -0400, Lowell Gilbert wrote: how can I compile just the base system (sysinstall's minimal install) from CURRENT sources in /usr/src into DESTDIR=/some/nonstandard/path? I don't need the complete system, just the stuff that is normally available under /cdrom/base on a RELEASE CD (packed) or, if that is too hard, the unpacked files. I'm having trouble understanding the goal here. In what way does make world not fit the bill? From /usr/obj, I need only the set of files that are part of the minimal base system. This minimal system is then net-installed onto embedded devices with severely limited CF/Disk space. So I need a way to turn a subset of the contents of /usr/obj (on a host system) into the set of files that constitute the base system as available on the RELEASE CDs. These files will then be fetched via NFS by the embedded devices' sysinstall. There is certainly some magic in .mk files to do this. I'm just too blind to find it... Thanks, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Devil Mascot
For clarity: it refers to background server processes, not evil. The penguin refers to nothing. Tux looks cute, but does it stand for (code) bloat? ;-) -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Compiling only the base system?
Hi, how can I compile just the base system (sysinstall's minimal install) from CURRENT sources in /usr/src into DESTDIR=/some/nonstandard/path? I don't need the complete system, just the stuff that is normally available under /cdrom/base on a RELEASE CD (packed) or, if that is too hard, the unpacked files. Same for /cdrom/crypto. Is that possible without having to download the complete CVS repo and making a custom (snapshot) release? Thanks, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Platforms, OSes,etc.
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hi there. I have a question or two if you folks don't mind. I would like to migrate to a better, more stable OS for surfing, making music and data cd's as well as dvd's, and importing images ( vhs and photo) to cd/dvd. As far as I'm concerned, the only thing that Windows is good for is my games, probably because I'm tired of all the bs (crashes,bugs, holes etc.). I have a Gigabyte GA-7VM400M motherboard with an Athelon XP 2400+ (Thorton). My question then is this, What platform do I have (i386, pc98 ? ), and what OS would you recommend for my purposes ( FreeBSD, Red Hat, SUSE?) irregardless of brand names, and multi-boot setups are not a problem. Please respond in non-geek english, and thank you very much for your assistance.. Welcome to FreeBSD! The platform for all Intel/AMD based PCs is i386. You may want to try FreeBSD 4.10. It is not only rock solid; it is also very easy to configure, once you get the hang of it :-) Please have a look at the Handbook: http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/index.html to get an idea how the installation looks like and how to perform typical tasks. Feel free to ask more questions here. Cheers, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
FreeBSD on Soekris Boards (Was: Re: Leaving a server on all day)
Perhaps something like Soekris boards could be useful? Has someone used them to build a power-saving server? Sure. I've got a Soekris net4801 sitting right next to me which is running some custom network monitoring/IDS/IPS software, and the Via EPIA mini-ITX form factor is another good choice for low-power computing. The EPIAs seem to have slightly flaky ATA support, though. Ah yes, there are some howtos out there how to put FreeBSD 5.2.1 on a Soekris net4801; so it obviously seems to work. Could someone with an net4801 please write an article for inclusion in the Handbook? It would be great to have everything in one place :) Thanks, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: please help my mail and me!
if i combine postfix with cyrus, like putting mailbox_transport = cyrus in my main.cf, what will happen to my system accounts? will they still arrive the usual way with imap as an extention for these system users to retrieve their mail apart from imap users? Use fallback_transport instead of mailbox_transport if you want mail to your system accounts to be stored in Postfix's local store rather than LMTP/Cyrus. Mail sent to addresses without Unix account/alias will be sent to LMTP. and what's the best way of managing imap users? cyradm -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: How to make a screenshot?
How can I make a screenshot of what's on my monitor? (I searched the archives unsuccessfully for screenshot.) Gimp is an image manipulation program similar to Photoshop or PaintShopPro, which can also grab screenshots etc. Run Gimp and then select File-Acquire-Screen_Shot. Assuming you're connected to the Or just use xwd(1). -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: File encryption: bdes or gpg
I am hoping someone can give me advice on file encryption. I would like to encrypt a file and store it on my filesystem. I would like to encrypt the file so that my data is not readable by someone who gains root access or physical access to my computer. I do not intend to share the data with anyone else so a public/private key system is optional. I did some Googling and some reading of man pages and I have come up with 3 options thus far: 1. bdes(1) 2. gpg -c (/usr/ports/security/gnupg) 3. gpg (/usr/ports/security/gnupg) with a public/private key pair for me plus a passphrase 4. gbde (on FreeBSD = 5.X) encrypts a whole filesystem. It is much easier to use than utilities that encrypt single files. 5. bdes/idea/gpg/... on top of gbde (storing an encrypted file on an encrypted filesystem). IMHO, it's not really the encryption algorithm that is the weak link, but: a. tempfiles (or shreds of temp files) that are not physically overwritten (including swap memory), b. poor passphrases (too short or not random enough) c. human error. Many programs write to temporary files (including buffers), before writing the final versions out to disk. If you use encrypted filesystems (like gbde) everywhere a tempfile is likely to be dropped (don't forget [/var]/tmp and swap), your data would be much safer. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: File encryption: bdes or gpg
1. bdes(1) 2. gpg -c (/usr/ports/security/gnupg) 3. gpg (/usr/ports/security/gnupg) with a public/private key pair for me plus a passphrase 4. gbde (on FreeBSD = 5.X) encrypts a whole filesystem. It is much easier to use than utilities that encrypt single files. 5. bdes/idea/gpg/... on top of gbde (storing an encrypted file on an encrypted filesystem). The openssl(1) binary can also be used to encrypt individual files using a lot of possible ciphers. But you need to be careful with it, because you can very easily shoot yourself in the foot ;-) -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Question regarding reported directory sizes.
I have a very large directory (say, a mail spool) whose directory entry is approx 606K.. drwx-- 5 cyrus cyrus 606208 May 25 10:29 . Now.. That directory had a lot of files in it. However, after deleting all of the files in that directory, the directory entry's size stays the same. I realize this is fairly unimportant, however is there a way to 'garbage collect' that directory entry and all others like it? Have you tried the obvious? 1. mkdir tmpdir 2. mv everything from olddir/* to tmpdir, [*] 3. rmdir olddir 4. mv tmpdir olddir [*] mv olddir/* tempdir may not work if you have many files left. Use a script, find(1), tar(1) or whatever you feel comfortable with, instead. The directory could be in theory compacted, but only if it is not in use (i.e. not mapped in the kernel's VNODE(9)s). It's perhaps too cumbersome to create a syscall that would do this. Thanks! Jason DiCioccio -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: c and freebsd
hello i'm learing c and hoping to make bsd a life long friend. i'm thinking about building a cluster in total of about 20-25+ clients. does freebsd support c, i expect it to, and does that come with graphic functions and name a list of prog. languages that freebsd supports, please. coming from microsoft (the bastard) . please explain it in dummy terms , i'm 16 by the way, thanx a whole lot! Troye. sexy brittany spears The excellent C/C++ compiler gcc is part of FreeBSD. FreeBSD itself is written in C, so you can expect excellent support :). If you mean by graphic functions the equivalent of Microsoft's MFC classes to write GUIs, you can have a look at gnome/gtk+ (for C) or kde/qt (for C++). If you mean an IDE, glade and kdevelop can be quite useful. FreeBSD supports a lot of additional programming languages if you install their compilers or interpreters via the ports system. Have a look at /usr/ports/lang for a huge list! http://www.freshports.org/lang/ Please browse the documentation on FreeBSD's website: http://www.freebsd.org/docs.html An introduction for newbies: http://www.freebsd.org/projects/newbies.html The FreeBSD Handbook http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/index.html The Developer's Handbook (Chapter 2 is what you want): http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/developers-handbook/index.html Happy hacking :-) Cheers, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: can you help me decide
Can you plz help me, i know i am on a freebsd list but i would wish somebody could help me decide. it's between the BSDs, either: FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD, i have almost narrowed it down. I am a lil more worried about security than portability so i guess that leaves OpenBSD and FreeBSD. I just want a desktop and i heard they all make good ones If you're new to the BSDs, FreeBSD may be easier to start with. This shouldn't prevent you from trying out the other variants too. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: remote X display
: somehost ssh -X [EMAIL PROTECTED] : remotemachine echo $DISPLAY : somehost.example.com:10.0 : remotemachine xclock : : Don't forget to enable X forwarding in /etc/ssh/sshd_config: : X11Forwarding yes I had this working before, but I'm having problems. My main box is missing a monitor (on repair). Would that make a difference? Will X apps run on the main box without a monitor and forward X to the remote client? Right now, I get this: neptune:~ echo $DISPLAY neptune:~ If DISPLAY is not set, then ssh on your local machine and sshd on the remote box didn't establish an X11 forwarding channel. Are you sure that sshd_config is set up properly on the remote machine? Did you use -X (that's uppercase X) while invoking ssh locally? Perhaps your local ssh and remote sshd are not talking the same version of the SSH protocol? BTW, it is irrelevant if the remote box has a monitor or not. That box doesn't even need an X server (wether running or not). Only X clients and X libraries are needed on the remote machine. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Very long URL with malice intended
Within the past couple of weeks, the Apache logs have shown a new type of intrusion -- a very, very long URL request -- that finally receives a error 414. I don't know the purpose of this one, but doesn't appear well-intended. It comes late at night and from different IPs. One request even used one of my own IPs. So, the firewall won't help -- nor server deny. My question is what syntax can I add, if any, to my httpd.conf to redirect such requests..?? Here's a very small (about 1-5%) snippet of the nasty URL: 65.35.186.74 - - [26/Mar/2004:19:01:04 -0600] SEARCH /\x90\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb 1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x0 2\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb 1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x0 2\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb 1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x0 2\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02\xb1\x02 and on and on Are only SEARCH requests affected, or GET as well? Any suggestions on a way to stop these much appreciated. Best regards, Jack L. Stone, Administrator Sage American http://www.sage-american.com [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: FreeBSD Logo Usage
Our local Open Source User Group would like to use the FreeBSD logo on our website. This will be used in a promotional manner, as we spread the idea of Open Source software to the technical community of Northern Iowa. This is a non-profit organization that can be found at http://www.niosug.org If there is a specific party beyond this address I should contact for said permission, please reply with that party's email address and I will forward the request onto them. I don't know about the FreeBSD logo itself, but as far as Beastie is concerned (the daemon), you should seek permission from Kirk McKusick, http://www.mckusick.com/ See also: http://www.mckusick.com/beastie/mainpage/copyright.html Thank you for your time. Adam Hansen Co-Founder North Iowa Open Source Users Group -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Demande de conseille
Bonjour Je voulais savoir quel version de freebsd me conseillez vous pour un pentium 1 233 64 Mb vive ? [Il s'agit d'une list anglophone] J'ai utilise (et je continue d'utiliser) 4.9-STABLE sur un pentium 200 Mhz avec 128 MB memoire. La memoire n'est pas un probleme (je pense), mais certain programmes sonts tres lents. Par example utiliser mozilla n'est pas du tout amusant (ca fonctinne, mais tres, tres lentement). Ah oui, j'utilise fluxbox, pas des monstres comme KDE ou GNOME. En ce qui concerne la performance, pas de problemes. Je peux utiliser mpg123 (mp3 player), un telechargement par ppp und compiler des sources par gcc/g++ simultanement sans aucains problemes... Bonne chance! -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Format floppy problem
Floppies formatted on M$Win can be mounted, copied files to and read, etc. But floppies formatted on FreeBSD with $ fdformat /dev/fd0 Format 1440K floppy `/dev/fd0'? (y/n): y Processing done. they could not be mounted $ mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /usr/home/user/floppy msdosfs: /dev/fd0: Invalid argument Did you forget to write a filesystem on the floppy, e.g. with newfs_msdos(8)? fdformat is only for low-level formatting... I tested 3 floppies with the same result. Kindly advise how to fix this problem. Is there a special format floppy command for FreeBSD. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Remote access in 5.1
On Tue, Mar 09, 2004 at 11:13:21PM -0500, Mike Jeays wrote: Since upgrading from 4.7 to 5.1, I can no longer open an xterm from another machine by setting the DISPLAY variable to point to the 5.1 machine. Is there some setting that is now disabled by default for security? Other connectivity works fine. XFree86 no longer defaults to use the -listen_tcp option; see the startx manpage. You may prefer to use ssh's X11Forwarding with 'ssh -X remotehost', and avoid -listen_tcp for security reasons. Make sure that X11Forwarding is set to yes in /etc/ssh/sshd_config. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: IDE cd-burner, Can it be done???
I have a IDE cd-burner in my FreeBSD 5.1 box. I have installed cdrecord from the ports but this looks like it needs a SCSI drive. Is there a CMD line cd-record package that works with a IDE cd-burner. Here is a line from dmesg: /usr/sbin/burncd -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re:
I m RAVIKANT from india. Currently i m last sem of MCA. In mca i gave a presentation on freebsd, netbsd, openbsd, mcosx, darwin in contrast to linux. i would like to assosciate my career to freebsd and want to become part of development team. * Have you read section 1.3.3 of the Handbook? http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/history.html * You may join freebsd-current@ and other development mailing lists (don't forget to browse the archives too!) * You can also browse the bug reports database: http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr-summary.cgi and help fix stuff. * Have fun exploring /usr/src :-) -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Maybe a stupid question but....
I've searched high and low for a download for FreeBSD source code in a form that I recognize. I'm looking for tar.gz of the source code but am not seeing it anywhere. Can someone help me or perhaps let me know how I can download off the cvs site? If you want to download via CVS: http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/anoncvs.html And here's the list of tags/branches: http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/cvs-tags.html In any case, PLEASE use a mirror! Alina Groulx -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Recommend MTA
* Are you concerned about security? sendmail is a big monolithic SUID-root programs, while postfix is a set of isolated processes/programs, so postfix _may_ be a better alternative. please don't post false/outdated information. Sendmail 8.12.* is SGID to a non-privilleged user only. this was released in September 2001. 8.12.2 was included in CURRENT in February 2002. 8.12.2 was included in STABLE in March 2002. Oops, you were right: % ls -l /usr/libexec/sendmail/sendmail -r-xr-sr-x 1 root smmsp 587896 Mar 7 11:35 /usr/libexec/sendmail/sendmail Sorry. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: /usr/src/UPDATING vs FreeBSD Security Advisory FreeBSD-SA-04:04.tcp
I've just (with cvsup) started upgrading one of my boxes in line with the recent advisory (FreeBSD Security Advisory FreeBSD-SA-04:04.tcp), and I'm at the point where I am reading /usr/src/UPDATING as per all recommendations from the HandBook to various user group advisories. Aren't details of this advisory (and others?) supposed to be in /usr/src/UPDATING? I only askbecause I'd not want to proceed from this point only to realise later on that the system *wasn't* patched after all. UPDATING is not the place for this. You'll have to check the revisions of the files manually against those in the advisory. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Recommend MTA
Which MTA is the recommended one to use on FreeBSD? I've noticed sendmail is installed by default, but my book I've been learning FreeBSD from (The Complete FreeBSD) only covers setting up postfix. Should I go ahead a learn/setup sendmail? If so, where's a good place to find a tutorial on setting it up on FreeBSD? Asking this question is likely to provoke a lot of votes a la my MTA is better than yours. ;) Here are a few questions to consider: * Are you already familiar with an MTA? If you, you may want to use it on FreeBSD too. * What does your environment look like? Are there other MTAs in use? If so, you may consider keeping a homogeneous MTA pool. * Do you need integration with third party software, like, say, Cyrus, LDAP, MySQL, spamassassin, DNSBL, etc.? Personally, I'd use postfix for this, but YMMV, and you'll get other opinions too. Most MTAs have hooks for this kind of stuff. * Are you novice w.r.t. MTA administration? Then go by an easily customizable MTA. Here again, postfix _may_ be easier to set up. * Are you concerned about security? sendmail is a big monolithic SUID-root programs, while postfix is a set of isolated processes/programs, so postfix _may_ be a better alternative. As you see, it's a difficult question, because it depends a lot upon your environment, requirements, levels of skills and personal tastes. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: one simple question
I compile a test C file. I notice there are a few lines at the
beginning of the assembly code. I want to know what it means, but
can't figure out one of them. Can anyone tell me what the
following line does please?
and$0xfff0,%esp
Hmmm, when I compile the simplest possible C file:
---
int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
return 0;
}
I get this:
.file test1.c
.version01.01
gcc2_compiled.:
.text
.p2align 2,0x90
.globl main
.typemain,@function
main:
pushl %ebp
movl %esp,%ebp
xorl %eax,%eax
jmp .L2
.p2align 2,0x90
.L2:
leave
ret
.Lfe1:
.sizemain,.Lfe1-main
.ident GCC: (GNU) c 2.95.4 20020320 [FreeBSD]
No such thing as:
and$0xfff0,%esp
Are you using gcc 3.3.x?
Anyway, this code looks like it would align the stack
the stack pointer...
best regards
Chungwei
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Re: one simple question
I compile a test C file. I notice there are a few lines at the beginning of the assembly code. I want to know what it means, but can't figure out one of them. Can anyone tell me what the following line does please? and$0xfff0,%esp gcc2_compiled.: .text .p2align 2,0x90 .globl main .typemain,@function main: pushl %ebp movl %esp,%ebp xorl %eax,%eax jmp .L2 .p2align 2,0x90 .L2: thank you very much for the reply yes and I am using gcc 3.2.2 if you gdb the executable and disassemble main you will see the line like that but if you use gcc -S something.s something.c it won't appear in the assembly code Ah, so it's being introduced by the assembler, not the compiler. That is perhaps the effect of alignement instructions like .text .p2align 2,0x90 this and similar defaults. and I google around, I think it does the alignment for optimization purpose, in that case the memory access will be faster according to the article. That may very well be the case. Considering that a cache line is also a few words worth, it may be sensible to start with an aligned stack frame too. best regards, Chungwei -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: DNSBL - including descriptive text in sendmail error message
John Fox wrote on Tue, 2 Mar 2004 10:14:57 -0800: I'm running sendmail 8.12.11, and have successfully configured the 'dnsbl' feature to reject mail from hosts in the black lists, but spamhaus.org has requested that MTA error messages contain the descriptive text corresponding to the blacklisted host (e.g. http://www.spamhaus.org/SBL/sbl.lasso?query=SBL14030;). This should happen automatically, when an MTA uses the DNSBL feature. I don't know about sendmail, but with postfix, all you need to do is to add the following lines to the smtpd_recipient_restrictions field in /usr/local/etc/postfix/main.cf: smtpd_recipient_restrictions = # . more restrictions here . reject_rbl_client bl.spamcop.net, reject_rbl_client sbl-xbl.spamhaus.org, reject_rbl_client list.dsbl.org, reject_rbl_client dnsbl.njabl.org, reject_rbl_client relays.ordb.org, reject_rbl_client opm.blitzed.org, reject_rbl_client dnsbl.sorbs.net, # . more restrictions here . The descriptive text, if provided by the blacklist as a TXT DNS record, is then always included in the bounce message. G'luck! -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: slice X?
When I try to create a new slice, it gives it the name 'X' which causes a problem when I try to create new partitions on that slice: Unable to create partitons on device: /dev/X This happens when sysinstall runs out of valid slice names. Try using less file systems per partition... -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Can Freebsd run on linux?
On Sun, Feb 22, 2004 at 03:49:10PM -0800, Ken Finegood's Office 2 wrote: Subject: Can Freebsd run on linux? Yes, it can, but you'll likely need a product like VMWare to to it. Or (very slowly) under Bochs. Questions about what software can run in Linux should probably be directed to a Linux mailing list. BTW, can an instance of FreeBSD run on Linux S/390? Or in other virtualized environments? -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Sendmail questions
My first question is about resources for learning Sendmail. I currently have the Bat book and have been using it to work my around sendmail, but the learning curve is pretty steep and im looking for other resources as well. Does anyone recommend any web sites other books that can help start the learning process for sendmail? I can be quite trivial at times. :) sendmail Cookbook by Craig Hunt (O'Reilly) is great if you want to learn-by-examples. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Transferring the root filesystem to a ramdisk?
in an attempt to save power on FreeBSD servers, I'm
trying to replace the hdd with a ramdisk. The idea is to:
Thanks to all who helped, on and off-list. To sum up:
* Spin down and up of ATA devices: /usr/ports/sysutils/ataidle
or SCSI devices: camcontrol {start | stop} device
* Changing the root device of an already running kernel
is very hard, and should be avoided at all costs.
(A suggestion was to modify loader(8), and have
the kernel use a chunk of pre-loaded memory as initial
root device a.k.a. md(4). However, this would involve
a _lot_ of work.)
* /sbin/init could chroot() to the new root device.
(This is possible, but requires easy access to the underlying
root fs where init was originally located. = disk must
spin up on request, so it can't be completely turned off.)
* diskless(8) is possible, though only when connectivity
is available.
Since our intended use is to embed FreeBSD in moving robots
that are connected with each other through an ad hoc mobile
network, where the radio links are both intermittent and
low-bandwidth; and since the systems are not always well
connected or reachable, diskless(8) is not a solution.
We've finally decided to use flash ram for the root device, and
avoid the complete issue of moving root.
Thanks again for all the help and insights.
-cpghost.
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Re: Looking for a good multiple protocol proxy!!
I am looking for a proxy server that has the following features. /usr/ports/net/delegate. It doesn't support everything, but is good enough for most day to day tasks. YMMV. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Transferring the root filesystem to a ramdisk?
Hello, in an attempt to save power on FreeBSD servers, I'm trying to replace the hdd with a ramdisk. The idea is to: 1. boot from the hdd (or netboot from an NFS server) 2. configure a ram disk (md(4)) 3. copy everything that's needed to ram disk 4. transfer kernel root to ramdisk (*) 5. turn off the hdd (**) (*) is the hairy question. (**) How can that be done? I won't need paging, because there'll be enough ram for everything (ramdisk, kernel and userland). Now the questions are: * How to attach the root filesystem to the ram disk? Can this be done only through pxe/netboot before the kernel starts, or is there some kind of system call that can transfer root on a running system? * How to power off (and on) the hdd (both for ATA and SCSI)? * Will the power consumption decrease (no hdd) or will it increase (more ram)? Anybody measured this before with regular diskless machines? Thanks, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Transferring the root filesystem to a ramdisk?
in an attempt to save power on FreeBSD servers, I'm trying to replace the hdd with a ramdisk. The idea is to: 1. boot from the hdd (or netboot from an NFS server) 2. configure a ram disk (md(4)) 3. copy everything that's needed to ram disk 4. transfer kernel root to ramdisk (*) 5. turn off the hdd (**) (*) is the hairy question. (**) How can that be done? I'm probably in over my head here, but; chroot should change the root filesystem for you. (look in the manpages for more details) Nope, chroot(2) affects only the calling process, not the whole system. As for powering down the hdd I did find a page for this, but havent had time to play with it yet: http://www.cran.org.uk/bruce/software.php ATAidle is great. Just tried it successfully on a 5.2-RELEASE with two drives. powering down the inactive drive (not the one with swap and root-fs) is possible this way. Thanks, -cpghost. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: apache is seg faulting. why ?
Jan 30 10:53:49 webserver /kernel: pid 20682 (httpd), uid 80: exited on signal 11 Please have a look at the output of dmesg. Is apache the only program that sig(s) 11? You may have a hardware problem. Do you use ECC RAM? -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Retired Linux user wants to switch
Does FreeBSD have something like SYSV modules (just asking, of course there's kill)? It depends what you're meaning with SYSV modules: 1. semaphores, shared memory, message queues: Yes. 2. STREAMS (see: Rago, SysV Network Programming): No. 3. binary compatiblity to SysV: Yes, but only partial support (see ibcs2(8)) 4. SysV run-levels: No. Are there any recommendations for managing a hosting server? Software? Configurations? If you want to host _virtual_ servers (every customer has root access in their own virtual environment), consider jail(8): http://docs.freebsd.org/44doc/papers/jail/jail.html Thank you, Mike Machuidel ;) Good luck and welcome to FreeBSD! :) -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Ctrl+Alt+Delete
Does anyone on the list know what Ctrl+Alt+Delete does on a running FreeBSD machine? Normally it calls reboot(8). But since this is a function of the syscons(4) driver, you can disable (accidental) reboots by setting SC_DISABLE_REBOOT This option disables the ``reboot'' key (by default, it is Ctl-Alt-Del), so that the casual user may not accidentally reboot the system. in the kernel config file (great for unattended, publicly accessible machines!). -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: TTF editor for FreeBSD?
On Tue, 27 Jan 2004 00:55:51 -0600) Dan Nelson wrote: In the last episode (Oct 29), Cordula's Web said: Hello, I'm looking for a ttf (truetype fonts) editor on FreeBSD. Any idea? pfaedit, in ports, will edit ttf and postscript fonts. Great, that's exactly what I was looking for. A time wrap can be very useful sometimes... :-) Thank you. -mj. Dan Nelson [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: rename shell command
I'm looking for the rename shell command for the macosx version of
bsd. In redhat and possibly other linux distributions the command
renames files and supports wildcards and multiple file conversions, as
you most likely know. To be more precise here is the man page:
Here's a script in perl. Use like this:
### Append .bak to all *.c files
$ rename '$_ .= .bak' *.c
### Remove .bak from all *.c.bak files
$ rename 's/\.bak$//' *.c.bak
### Convert to lowercase, but not for Makefile
$ rename 'tr/A-Z/a-z/ unless /^Makefile/' *
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
# rename -- Larry's filename fixer
$op = shift or die Usage: rename expr [files]\n;
chomp(@ARGV = STDIN) unless @ARGV;
for (@ARGV) {
$was = $_;
eval $op;
die $@ if $@;
rename($was,$_) unless $was eq $_;
}
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Re: Debugger for XSLT ?
I'm learning XSLT and thought a debugger might be helpful. Are there any tools in ports to debug or single-step through XSLT transforms? Most XSLT processors include debug flags that generate verbose output. Which processor are you using? -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
TTF editor for FreeBSD?
Hello, I'm looking for a ttf (truetype fonts) editor on FreeBSD. Any idea? Thanks. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: /dev/dsp: Device busy
/dev/dsp: Device busy esd is the culprit. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: /dev/dsp: Device busy
/dev/dsp: Device busy esd is the culprit. But esd is not running... I checked it with ps. I'm having the same problem with mpg123, which uses esd: $ ps ax|grep esd $ mpg123 somefile.mp3 /dev/dsp: Device busy audio: Device busy $ ps ax|grep esd 11041 ?? Ss 0:00.14 esd -terminate -nobeeps -as 2 -spawnfd 5 $ kill 11041 $ ps ax|grep esd $ mpg123 somefile.mp3 This happens every time. It's definitively esd that doesn't let go of /dev/dsp, and for some reason, can't accept connections on its unix socket /tmp/.esd/socket. It's perhaps related to permissions (who starts esd)? I dunno exactly. I'm using a brute-force work-around here: #!/bin/sh # playmp3.sh -- brute force mpg123 (Bug: /dev/dsp: Device busy) until (mpg123 $1) do sleep 1; done Ugly, but better than nothing. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: framebuffers?
In the last episode (Jan 23), Geert Hendrickx said: Hello, I'm used to having framebuffers in Linux, and I would like to have that in FreeBSD too. I have already reconfigured and recompiled my kernel with options VESA enabled. Then I added this 2 lines to /etc/rc.conf: font8x8=/usr/share/syscons/fonts/iso-8x8.fnt allscreen_flags=132x43 and rebooted, but it still doesn't work. Try VESA_132x43. I'm not sure why all the modes aren't just WxH. Your card also needs to be able to support that vesa mode; you can run vidcontrol -i mode | grep T to list the text modes your card can do. You may need to tweak your kernel config file, or kldload vesa for this to work. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: remote X display
I have been looking all over for a concise howto for remote X on FreeBSD. I see some that involve changing config files in the xdm directory, others use xhost, and another uses xfig, which doesn't exist under FreeBSD AFAICT. Use ssh's -X flag: somehost ssh -X [EMAIL PROTECTED] remotemachine echo $DISPLAY somehost.example.com:10.0 remotemachine xclock Don't forget to enable X forwarding in /etc/ssh/sshd_config: X11Forwarding yes All I want to do is use a laptop in a local network to be an X client connected to a more powerful desktop machine. I'm not worried about security. Is xhosts and the DISPLAY variable all I need? Or do I need to go through all of the xdm configuration hoops? ssh X11 forwarding is much more secure than DISPLAY/xhosts/xdm etc..., because: 1. Your X11 server doesn't have to listen to port 6000 (You don't have to add '-listen_tcp' to startx command) 2. The communication between server and client is encrypted Of course, YMMV. NOTE: Please CC me, as I am not currently subscribed. Thanks. jm -- My other computer is your windows box. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: remote X display
: One idea is to use SSH. : If you have sshd on the remote desktop you can use ssh -X to enable : X11 forwarding. Just ssh into the remote box and run the X : application and you're set to go, provided that X11 forwarding is : enabled in the remote sshd_config. Ah, I remember seeing this before, now that I think about it. Thanks for the reminder. Do I do this from the console or from an xterm? In other words, should X already be running? X should be already running. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: C programming: ADT support
I'm looking for some ADT's like lists trees and such, to be used in C programs.=20 =20 Is there a librarie out there? Make that C++ Isn't the STL enough? http://www.stlport.org/ http://www.boost.org/ Examples for using the STL: http://www.josuttis.com/libbook/index.html -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: latency
How much is latency in FreeBSD? ??? I would like to listen music playing on FreeBSD PC with hi-fi sound. First I need to be sure the system latency is low enough. I'm listening mp3's (with mpg123) on a old 200 MHz Pentium box, which is running -STABLE. At the same time setiathome, multiple servers, XFree86 and a lot of other stuff is running at the same time. No problems at all with latency AFAICS. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ALSA drivers
Does FreeBSD supports ALSA drivers? No. FreeBSD comes with its own sound drivers (see pcm(4)). Most sound chips are supported right out of the box. Good luck. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: how to tell if my ISP is blocking email web ports
I am thinking about enabling my gateway's sendmail email server to receive email directly from the public internet and also installing apache to serve my own home page. That's a common setup. I have 24/7 cable internet connection plus an registered domain name which goes no place right now. I know I can not ask my ISP's tech support if they block ports 110, 25, and 80, because they will get suspicious and monitor my account. Want to stay under their radar. Switch to an ISP that doesn't object to you running servers. If you violate your ISP's AUPs, they'll simply cut you off. Some ISPs run port scans or log their users' traffic, so you may end up appearing on their radar anyway. So I need a way to test if the ports are blocked or not using an friends PC and my current IP address. Just start your servers, and check wether you can reach them from the outside. What do you recommend? * Track -STABLE or -CURRENT regularly, esp. after security advisories. * Open as few ports as possible to the outside (sockstat -46 is your friend). * It's your responsiblity to check that you don't operate an open relay! You should monitor your box closely (i.e. use tripwire etc...), and tread on the side of caution. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: [was: Cutting the power ... ] Journaling file system
On January 18, 2004 10:48 pm, Micheas Herman wrote: Use flash ram cards and a journaling file system. (soft updates may work but you need to talk to someone that knows about them much better than I do.) Beware when using flash ram as some kind of live filesystem! Flash media has a quite limited number of erase cycles You may think that's plenty, but since filesystem meta-data is often written at the same location (superblocks etc...), this location will quickly reach the threshold, where it can't be used anymore! Even journaling fs are not perfect w.r.t. conserving erase- cycles. Perhaps someone's doing research on a filesystem type that is kindlier to flash media? -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: New freebsd user here
Hugh Krogh-Freeman wrote: Hello everyone. I just installed Free BSD 5.1 on my computer. I know C++ and C, but I am not able to get C++ to compile yet because it doesn't recognize cout and endl (I wrote a simple hello world program). I assume it's because I am not including the right library. You need -lstdc++ Or use c++ (instead of cc or gcc) which includes the C++ Standard Library automatically. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Does FreeBSD try this w .......
yesterday in Turkey, HP prepared a Roadshow about his strategy about linux with Oracle , Novell , bea. I talked with ORACLE Turkey director, He said that in USA, those firms ( Oracle or others ) does not make an agreement with non-firm. What about the FreeBSD Foundation? http://www.freebsdfoundation.org/ They already made an agreement with Sun Microsystems regarding Java. Oracle could contact them too, if they need an official point of contact... -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: learning source
i have studied C++ and am currently going through C. i have been programming small programs in a windows environment. i want to start understanding source and help program for bsd and open source. where can i start, im totally new and i want to know how things work. i need advice Advanced Programming in the Unix Environment by W. Richard Stevens (Addison-Wesley) may be very useful, if you know enough C and would like to interface to any Unix-like operating system (including FreeBSD). You may be able to google up a good C tutorial which uses Unix as the underlying OS. Welcome on board and happy hacking! :) -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Information
Hello, I was wondering what BSD stands for? Also what does AMD and Ultra SPARC stand for? Any information would be very helpful. BSD = Berkeley Software Distribution http://www.catb.org/~esr/jargon/html/B/BSD.html AMD = Advanced Micro Devices A company that produces (among others) Intel clones. SPARC = Scalable Processor ARChitecture A processor type developed by Sun. Google is your friend... -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: What is the end of FreeBSD ?!
Notice the difference between these two approaches? It means there's basically no chance that what happened with RedHat will ever happen to FreeBSD. In fact, so disgusted am I with the thought of a Microsoft-dominated future, and so impressed am I with the FreeBSD system (and by that I mean the whole system, including the way code is offered up by volunteers who do it for the quality of the end result), that I'm going to donate $25 to the FreeBSD Foundation right now. And I'm unemployed, that's how much I like FreeBSD. Among other things, bandwidth for CVSUP and FTP mirrors is also a good thing to donate. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Documentation for sources
Can anyone tell me any sites with documentation and explanations about sources of FreeBSD (for example ping.c)? Thak you! I think the best way to find documentation for the sources is reading comments around them. Or try this book on code reading skills: Code Reading: The Open Source Perspective Diomidis Spinellis Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-79940-5 -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Informations about FreeBsd for University Project
and i'm writing you to ask some documentation on it. In particular, i'd like to find informations about type of scheduler in FreeBSD, threads and multithreading managing and priority assignment. It'd be very helpful for me if you could drive me to some good articles or any other type of documents on it. It'd be usefull to have infos on how it's changed FreeBSD scheduler till the last version 5.X. http://www.chesapeake.net/~jroberson/ULE.pdf -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Informations about FreeBsd for University Project
I'm a student in Computer Science at university of Bologna (Italy). I'm developing a project called Scheduling Algorithms In Modern Operating Systems and i'm writing you to ask some documentation on it. In particular, i'd While you're at it, check out L4Ka::Pistachio (http://l4ka.org/), a microkernel in which you can replace the builtin scheduler by a userland scheduler. L4 has nothing to do with FreeBSD [unless someone tries to port *BSD to run on top of L4...], so this may be slightly off-topic. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Download contents of http directory?
How can I download the entire contents of a directory on a webserver? I can see them in index mode, but it's a list of about 2,000 jpg files for a reunion. How can I download everything there to one directory? With /usr/ports/ftp/wget: wget -r -x -v -np -k -np http://www.example.com/path/to/dir Without -x, files will be saved in the current directory, with -x in www.example.com/path/to/dir -np (no parent) is important, if you don't want directories above /path/to/dir -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Commercial Distribution?
Btw, I looked really carefully and couldn't find any FreeBSD-based commercial distro (if you don't count OS X). Am I just to stupid to find one or is this an idea whose time has not come yet? A Linux distro vendor basically collects components from disparate sources (kernel, gnu, libraries etc...) and assembles a OS. There is no central entity which provides an integrated view of a Linux OS, so there is a need for distro makers. FreeBSD is different, because the complete OS is developed and managed by the project, including ports. There is basically no need for a distro maker, because FreeBSD _is_ the distro itself (call it the _canonical_ distro, because nothing prevents you from changing stuff and forking off a commercial version, let's call it non-canonical distro). Any distro maker who wishes to fork off something from FreeBSD, would be hard pressed to provide the same level of support as the FreeBSD project itself. Any updates, security and bug fixes etc. would have to be merged into the commercial distro (if it wants to remain up-to-date), and this will by nature always lag behind. It is usually not worth the trouble to maintain a distribution besides FreeBSD. That is also the reason why commercial vendors usually ship (nearly) unmodified FreeBSD CDs, instead of maintining a completely different version. In your special case, the advice to make a port that was given earlier on this list, is very good, because you'd have to maintain your port(s) (and only your port(s)) whenever you update your commercial distro from the FreeBSD repo (which you could do as often as you like and your resources and time permits). What if a security bug is discovered, and immediately fixed by FreeBSD? Would you commit yourself to do the same in your commercial version? Just cvsup, and then apply your port(s) and voila, a new fixed commercial version! Ports are great, because you could even include diffs to the kernel (you have a custom kernel?) and misc. config and infrastructure files that make up the system. Turn that port into a package, and have the package system handle the transmogrification of an official FreeBSD snapshot into your own custom version. Good luck! -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: centrino
bonjour j'ai un hp compaq x1005 et je voudrais savoir si on peu utilisé le wifi avec centrino voila :) http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/getmsg.cgi?fetch=732284+0+archive/2003/freebsd-current/20031231.freebsd-current Bonne chance! ;-) P.S.: Cette liste de distribution (mailing list) est d'expression anglaise. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: named and 127.0.0.2
I have a bind9 named running on the 4.x stable branch, and have noticed that it seems to be sending udp packets to 127.0.0.2:52 about once every 10 seconds or so (ipfw is denying and logging the traffic). Google has not shed any light on the subject. 127.0.0.2 is often returned by RBLs, when an address is blocked (a.k.a. listed as spam source): http://www.spamhaus.org/sbl/howtouse.html http://www.mail-abuse.org/rbl/usage.html Quoth the previous URL (mail-abuse.org): The theory of operation is simple. Given a host address in its dotted-quad form, reverse the octets and check for the existence of an ``A RR'' at that node under the blackholes.mail-abuse.org node. So if you get an SMTP session from [192.5.5.1] you would check for the existence of: 1.5.5.192.blackholes.mail-abuse.org. IN A 127.0.0.2 We chose to use an ``A RR'' because that's what Sendmail makes easy to do. The choice of [127.0.0.2] as the target address was arbitary but will not change. As it happens, we supply a bogus MAPS RBLSM entry for [127.0.0.2] so that mail transport developers have something to test against. If an ``A RR'' is found by this mechanism, then there will also be a ``TXT RR'' at the same DNS node. The text of this record will be suitable for use as a reason text for a bounced mail notification. Currently the text is constant and currently there is no way to use it from Sendmail, but there it is anyway. Perhaps you have a mail filter installed, which queries one of those RBLs, and then tries to do a reverse DNS lookup for 127.0.0.2? I've grepped all through /etc/, and have found no references to 127.0.0.2, and I certainly don't remember configuring anything (ever) with that particular address. What could be the cause of this mysterious bind behavior? See above. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Dynamic DNS Updates
If you decide to use a provider like dyndns.org, you can use the ipcheck port (http://ipcheck.sf.net) to keep your IP address and hostname in sync. Or use ddclient: /usr/ports/dns/ddclient Works perfectly for me (with dyndns.org). -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re:
Sir/madam, I am currently doing my project I using freebsd.I would like to ask whether the freebsd can be installed into Aple macintosh powe4rbook (ppc) 3400c ? Thank you in advance. Not (yet?) FreeBSD, but perhaps NetBSD would work? http://www.netbsd.org/ http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/macppc/ Good luck, and merry Christmas. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: I am a newbie
, FreeBSD is certainly the better choice. People using OpenBSD or NetBSD have generally already some experience with FreeBSD, and would be able to fix problems on their own, should they arise. I just want to see what makes Unix so special and powerful and not crash ever you know? Unix' design is perhaps it's best asset and the reason why it is so stable. Compared to other OSes, there is a clear separation between userland programs (the programs you run), and the kernel. If there is a problem in a userland program, this won't affect the kernel, only the process running this program (i.e. the process will be killed, but that wounldn't affect the stability of the system). Other OSes integrate their favorite programs in the kernel (for speed, or by poor design), so if there's a bug in one of these programs, they'll crash the complete OS. Unix is also very mature. It's been around since the 1970-s! The first BSD releases started around 1978, and have been continously improved upon in all those years. Because BSD was originally developed in a university setup (think: few very expensive computers, and a lot of student accounts sharing this computer), it was subject to heavy ponding by all those students who were eager to obtain 'root' privileges. This helped tremendously to make BSD more secure. There are other reasons too, but you'll have to figure them out yourself :) need help now. Please? Will you guys write back to me so I dont have to do something stupid and get involved with an OS I dont want to and get lost in thte wrong thingz? You could start by browsing http://www.freebsd.org/ The Handbook is required reading for every FreeBSD user. There are some introductory documents too: http://www.freebsd.org/projects/newbies.html Then, grab FreeBSD, install it on a spare harddisk, and start playing. After you get more comfortable with the OS, you could start learning to write small programs. The more you dive in, the more enjoying the experience will be. Robert, Hillsboro OR USA. Happy hacking! -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Converting XSL-FO to PDF?
Hi, how can I convert an XSL-FO file to PDF? The XSL-FO file is generated by docbook XSL stylesheets. I've tried /usr/ports/textproc/fop, but it chokes with a lengthy exception dump after the first few pages; so it's of no use. Unfortunately, /usr/ports/print/passivetex is broken as well, and won't install at all. Any ideas or work-arounds? Thanks. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Converting XSL-FO toPDF?
| how can I convert an XSL-FO file to PDF? | The XSL-FO file is generated by docbook XSL stylesheets. | | I've tried /usr/ports/textproc/fop, but it chokes with a | lengthy exception dump after the first few pages; so it's | of no use. | | Unfortunately, /usr/ports/print/passivetex is broken as well, | and won't install at all. Have you tried the FOP java package from Apache? (http://xml.apache.org/fop/index.html) I used to run that on my freeBSD and it gave me no problems. (The java installation however wasn't a walk in the sun) /usr/ports/textproc/fop _is_ the version from Apache. I've also tried the cvs stable and devel versions, with the same result. This doesn't mean that fop doesn't work at all; it just chokes on _some_ files, including what I'm trying to feed it. Using native jdk1.3.1 with fop. Tried bigger VM resource limits and all. FOP simply doesn't cut it (yet?). I'm hacking on a work-around right now: an XSLT stylesheet that transforms (a very limited set of) DocBook markup directly to LaTeX code, then post-process with latex. It's not perfect, and a lot of boring, tedious DocBook - LaTeX mapping work, but at least, it works (as said, for a small DocBook subset). At the very least, it is an XSLT learning exercise... :-) Someone really should fix the passivetex port though... Thank you. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Just a question.....
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
What programming languages do you use for interacting with
freebsd( the kernel,ports)?
FreeBSD and most other third-party applications are written in C.
You can also program in other languages if you like: just have
a look at the huge collection of compilers and interpreters in
/usr/ports/lang
Where can i get more information on how make programs for
freebsd?
The easiest way to learn how to program, is to look at existing
source code. FreeBSD itself (kernel and the base system, minus
the ports) comes with full source code under /usr/src. When you
install a port, the source code for that port (the tar ball) is
stored in /usr/ports/distfiles, so you can have a look too.
Unless you plan to write kernel modules, programming for FreeBSD
is the same as programming for other Unices, e.g. Linux. Actually,
most open source programs written for Linux also can be (and are)
compiled under FreeBSD. The reason for this lies in the Unix C
library (and other libraries), which provides a fairly standard
interface to the kernel.
I plan on going to college to study computer science but i
dont want to waste my time studying programming languages
like visual basic, even though it wouldnt hurt. I want you
to guide me so i wont make a mistake. i know ms software
dictates most things in the market because of their business
practices but i dont want to get stuck with it. Freebsd is
my choice and i want it to be a meaningfull choice in my
future career.
Most popular programming languages are C, C++, Java, and Perl.
If you learn one of them (and I'd suggest that you concentrate
on C), it is fairly easy to learn the others. VB is not that
good, because it is restricted to the MS platform (and it is
a _terrible_ language). A portable C, C++, Java and Perl program
would run on nearly any platform.
FreeBSD comes with gcc, which can compile C and C++ code. Perl
and Java can be added by installing the appropriate ports in
/usr/ports/lang. As an example, you may want to start with the
canonical simple hello-world program below, and build more
complex programs on top of that:
/* File: hello.c */
#include stdio.h
int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
printf (Hello World!\n);
return 0;
}
-
Compile with:
$ cc -o hello hello.c
Run:
$ ./hello
Hello World!
Thats all i ask for now. with your help in two to four
years from now ( or less if possible) you`ll hear from me
with what i can provide to you or the freebsd community.
Have fun and happy hacking!
Regards,
Luis Sime
--
Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/
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Re: Just a question.....
Apart from the online books mentioned by David, you should certainly have a look at some books on C and C++ Programming, Programming in a UN*X, TCP/IP networking, Operating Systems in general (I have some books in mind, but need to look up the exact references - maybe someone else can fill this gap?) 1. W. Richard Stevens - Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment For absolute beginners, Programming in C (2nd ed. covers ANSI C) by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie is required reading... http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/cbook/ See also: The C Answer Book by Tondo and Gimpel, which contains the solutions to the KRv2 exercises. Other resources: http://www.lysator.liu.se/c/ http://www.lysator.liu.se/c/bwk-tutor.html -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: thanks..........
let`s suppose i go to any college, study computer science, what chances are to get a job in any freebsd related group? 1. FreeBSD itself is not a company. We don't offer jobs. However, there are many software shops (companies) that develop or support Unix (Linux, BSD, ...) software. Even more companies (from all sectors of the economy) need experienced junior sysadmins or netadmins, who are proficient at playing with [and programming] misc. Unix versions, including, but not limited to, FreeBSD. 2. It is not absolutely necessary to study CS to be a good programmer, though some CS background won't hurt either. To understand some of the non-trivial algorithms, one or two years of CS exposure would be IMHO very desirable though. This is a personal question just reply if you want to. i know that the open source community works in a way of working on what you decide you want to work on (for curiosity , pleasure, you want to help). Dont you guys get paid for taking the time to do what you do and give it back tot the community? I dont want you think im getting into this for the money but we all need it. Can anybody clarify this for me please? Hacking[1] Unix is fun and the best game in town! You don't get paid for playing, do you? Some of us are fortunate enough to have the priviledge of having daytime jobs that require working in a Unix environment too. Just don't tell our employers that we're having fun in our jobs... ;-) [1] http://www.catb.org/~esr/jargon/html/H/hacker.html As for books. i like to read and going to start bying some books on unix and programming. Check out the excellent O'Reilly Nutshell books: http://www.oreilly.com/ As for books, a few of us started their careers in programming in a very unusual, but innovative way, by reading the Wizard Book [SICPv2]: http://mitpress.mit.edu/sicp/full-text/book/book.html http://mitpress.mit.edu/sicp/ This is a great introduction to programming concepts, based on Scheme, a Lisp dialect (FreeBSD has many Scheme interpreters in the ports tree as well). SICP is part of the introductory CS curriculum at MIT: http://mitpress.mit.edu/sicp/course.html and is being taught in many other Universities worldwide too. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re:
I would like to know where i can find the list of RFCs supported in the TCP/IP stack of FreeBSD 4.9 release. Can you help me get the info? It may be more helpful if you asked wether FreeBSD's TCP/IP stack implemented RFC xyz or not. Do you have something special in mind? Generally speaking, FreeBSD's TCP/IP stack is very complete and one of the most standards compliant implementation known today. Cheers. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Setting VGA
Hello; There is an option is lilo.conf named vga which can be used to set the vga of the terminal. Using this option with 791 I set the font size to a nice one. Can I do the same thing in FreeBSD and how? * Use vidcontrol(1). * If you need VESA fonts, don't forget to 'kldload vesa'. * /usr/sbin/vidfont has a nice menu for selecting fonts. * All settings should go in /etc/rc.conf See /etc/defaults/rc.conf, section 'System console options' Just copy the lines you want to change from /etc/defaults/rc.conf to /etc/rc.conf and edit. Yours, Mohammad H. Falaki. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: login.conf changes not being effected
[login.conf] goal is to be able to restrict login times and duration. 1. First of all, /etc/login.conf doesn't apply for ssh logins. Only the login(1) program reads this. Not sshd or other daemons. 2. As far as I can remember, you _can_ restrict the time of day for logins by setting times.allow and times.deny Last time I checked (some 6 months or so ago), it worked. 3. AFAIK, you can't enforce the duration of the login. login.conf(5) says: Note that login(1) enforces only that the actual login falls within peri- ods allowed by these entries. Further enforcement over the life of a session requires a separate daemon to monitor transitions from an allowed period to a non-allowed one. 4. To enforce time-of-day logins in a more general way (a.k.a for sshd, telnetd, ftpd, etc...), you need a PAM module. Which one or where, I don't know. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Why userland , basesystem and Kernel are together?!
There are several operating systems, Debian, RedHat, Mandrake, which only have in common to use the Linux kernel. This is incorrect. All relevant Linux distributions are not only based on the same kernel, but almost almost all of the same userland software as well. (Specifically, GNU software, much of which is a core part of FreeBSD as well.) The main areas where they differ are the configuration details (what files are where, how to configure services such as init scripts and networking, etc) and package management. There are of course other differences, but these two are the biggies. All Linux distributions use glibc; while BSDs use their own version of libc. But these are only technicalities. More important is that the BSDs use a central CVS repository for the whole OS (minus third party packages), whereas in the Linux world, the vendors maintain separate (mostly with source, but sometimes binary-only as well) collections of separately maintained software. If the developers of Linux' base utilities, glibc, kernel etc... submitted all their source code to a Linux CVS repo, and all distributions were built on top of that, they would have adopted an important part (though not everything) of BSDs philosophy [putting the different licensing schemes aside for a moment]. However, this is unlikely to happen any time soon (if at all), mostly for political reasons: the FSF, Linus, and a lot of other developers would have to agree to share a single repository, and this is particulary difficult to achieve. Anyway, both development models are quite viable, and it is amazing to see how both camps are making excellent progress. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: last question about up-to-date ( I hope )
I'm just wonder Why patching is not used instead of source update.. it's patching source tree too for security bugs ... I checking output of the cvsup -g -L 2 stable-supfile command . it's only download openssh , bind and like this almost what writen in security advisories . Personally, I prefer to have the current sources on the machine, so I can examine security breaches etc... But the main advantage is that downloading source diffs requires much less bandwidth than, say, newly compiled binaries. Tracking -STABLE or -CURRENT with cvsup via a 56k modem line is a viable option. I wouldn't like to download big binaries everytime a small patch fixes something. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
chroot(2)ed or jail(8)ed www/apache{13,2,21} ports?
Hi, is there a configuration option to install www/apache13 and www/apache2 [www/apache21] in a chroot(2) environment, or perhaps even in a jail(8)? There's no knob in the ports Makefile(s) for this, and doing it manually is error-prone... BTW, what's the difference between www/apache2 and www/apache21? Thanks. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Terminal setting
Hello; My FreeBSD box is going to serve some young shell users who have begun with Linux. In order to atract them it mustbe as good looking as a Linux system but I am having serious peroblem with my terminal settings. Some vary important keys such as Back Space, home, end and ... don't work in editors such as vim. For example in Emacs the Alt key does not work. Also editors such as vim and Emacs do not show syntax highlighting and so on. If you're using X, make sure that TERM is set to 'xterm' Without X, TERM should be set to 'cons25' For Emacs syntax highlighting, you need to add (global-font-lock-mode t) to ~/.emacs For backspace to work in Emacs, set (global-set-key \C-h 'delete-backward-char) If you like a colored 'ls', alias ls to 'ls -G': alias ls='/bin/ls -G' Can anybody help me with this problem. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: I can't connect to internet. Plz help me
because pppd does run ) but whenever I try to visit a website it doesn't work, browser says unknown host. I even tried xchat, it says something like have u missspelled your host name ?. I also don't know what my host name is. Whenever Have you properly configured the DNS nameservers (which your ISP should have told you) in /etc/resolv.conf? -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Good understanding about kernel
I check the kernel file it's come to me too big . For example with default installation My kernel size is 5,473,370 You will say because of GENERIC kernel too many driver support for this reason it can be . My question is here What's (statically) included in the GENERIC kernel, is listed in /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC. You can compile your own custom kernel, as explained in http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html Don't forget to statically include every module that is needed to locate and load the kernel though (e.g. ata drivers), because you won't be able to kldload the initial modules without booting first. c) in Linux we can create a boot disk with this boot disk if any problem occur on the boot we can up the system with this disket .. in FreeBSD with this big kernel it's not poessible I think . I want to learn What FreeBSD users do if FreeBSD dont open the system for any boot file corrupt or something ... I use the LIVE filesystem on the FreeBSD ISOs. In combination with /stand/sysinstall (or /usr/sbin/sysinstall), option rescue, you can always repair a broken installation. Most of the time, the boot loader will allow you to boot an old kernel (say /kernel.old) if your new kernel is broken. FreeBSD's bootloader is much more stable/reliable than LILO ;) -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Creating New FreeBSD CVS Server in Turkey
and in Turkey I did not hear too much people who are using FreeBSD for this reason I want to translate this Handbook into Turkish and put it on the web for easy access for reading and Learning . How can I do that ? From Whom I have to get okey for this job ... Someone already wrote a first article in Turkish: http://www.freebsd.org/doc/tr_TR.ISO8859-9/articles/explaining-bsd/ so the tr_TR.ISO8859-9 hiearchy is in place. You may want to contact the FreeBSD documentation project. Please start here: FreeBSD Documentation Project Primer for New Contributors http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/fdp-primer/ ...and thanks for the thought :-) Thanks Vahric -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: pre-login massage.
In Linux There is a file in /etc named issue which contains the pre-login massage. But it seems there is not such a file in FreeBSD. How can I display a pre-login massage in my FreeBSD box. From login.conf(5): login_prompt string The login prompt given by login(1) Mohammad H. Falaki. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: XFree86
Salut, [EMAIL PROTECTED] est une liste d'expression anglaise. Please use a french-speaking list instead] Bonjour, Je ne parviens pas à faire un startx Si startx marche pour 'root', mais pas pour un autre, il est necessaire d'utiliser Xwrapper-4. Par example: startx -- /usr/X11R6/bin/Xwrapper-4 -depth 16 Pb: Ne parviens pas à configurer Xfree86. Le programme /usr/X11R6/bin/xf86config genere un ficher XF86Config qu'il faut copier sur /etc/XF86Config Qqn peut-il m'aider ? Pouvez vous specifier le probleme de facon plus precise? Nico -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: FreeBSD DRIVER DEVELOPMENT
Dear Sir/Madam, I have requirement to develop driver for the PCI based hardware interface using FreeBSD Unix system. Would you please advise on the following:- 1)What tools are available to develop driver for x86 machine using C? Most drivers in FreeBSD are written in C. They are compiled by gcc (2.95.4 in -STABLE, 3.x in -CURRENT), just like any other part of the system sources (see: /usr/src). 2)Suitable package including the operating system, tools and books etc? Checking out the documentation on freebsd.org would probally be a good start. Checking out some sample driver sources would be even better :) For -STABLE (RELENG_4), [PCI-]drivers are located in the kernel source tree, here: /usr/src/sys/pci (PCI drivers) /usr/src/sys/dev (mixed ISA and PCI drivers) Reading the man page pci(4) [man 4 pci] won't hurt either. As with every device driver, the recommended (or at least proved) way is to take an existing, simple driver, and modify it to suit your needs. Kernel interfaces are documented in intro(9) and related section 9 man pages (ls /usr/share/man/man9) A good introduction on writing device drivers for FreeBSD is in the Documentation. Among others: * Developers' Handbook: http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/developers-handbook/index.html * FreeBSD Architecture Handbook (esp. Section II: Device Drivers): http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/arch-handbook/index.html (You may want to play with a KLD module, which exercises the PCI API: http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/arch-handbook/pci.html) * PCI Special Interest Group (specs etc... for PCI bus) http://www.pcisig.com/ esp. this: http://www.pcisig.com/specifications/conventional 3)Can the driver developed for other unix operating system e.g. VxWorks can be imported into the FreeBSD and compiled without major code change? AFAIK this is something that is not really possible on any operating system. This is becuase changes to what header files and need to be made and ect. As to the extent of what changes are required, I guess that varies from what it is and whatever... but I never messed with this befor so I have no clue... A device driver is always part of the kernel program. It runs in the same address space as the kernel, and must interact with both the kernel and the hardware in a very specific manner. A driver will e.g. need to call some kernel functions to report data, or send notifications. Or it may register a timer, etc... These kernel functions (in FreeBSD, look at directory /usr/share/man/man9) differ from OS to OS. FreeBSD's functions are completely different to, say, Linux' functions or Win32s/Windows API calls. That's a reason why writing device drivers is completely dependant upon a specific kernel. Ah, and don't forget to use a development machine. Coding mistakes in device drivers WILL almost always panic(9) the kernel, and under unlucky circumstances trash the filesystem with it! [Same under Linux or any other OS] Good luck and happy hacking! -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Block IP
Can I block a certain IP address at the machine or interface level using freebsd? (No at the Apache or Sendmail level). CyberLaert monioting one of my hosts at the rate of 1.2 GB oer day! Easiest and quickest is to install the firewall - if it is not already in your kernel, simply load it as a dynamic module. In a pinch (and if the person causing problem is doing this by accident) you can try something like route add 12.34.56.78/32 127.0.0.1 which will make the tcp handshake break. Which may cause the other end to realize somethign is amiss. But it does not really stop the traffic. See ipfw(8). -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Wifi ipsec freebsd
After a few days of struggling, I have successfully set up an ipsec connection over wifi between a FreeBSD gateway and a Windows laptop. Since I had to search for the information I needed all over the net, I have written a step-by-step set-up guide to help anyone else trying to secure their wifi connection. I hope this is useful. [snip] Tim, could you consider submitting this to the documentation team? It would make a great article! http://www.freebsd.org/docproj/submitting.html -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Block IP
Can I block a certain IP address at the machine or interface level using freebsd? (No at the Apache or Sendmail level). Quick and dirty fix: # route add 1.2.3.4 127.0.0.1 All ACKs to 1.2.3.4 would not be able to reach their destination, and no TCP connections could be established this way. Moreoever, no UDP or ICMP packets would reach the blocked IP address. You can also block a whole subnet this way. The real solution is to enable a firewall at the interface level, or perhaps even add an ACL on your router (if you control your upstream router). -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: usb digital camera
Is there some trick to using USB devices? I'm trying to access my Nikon coolpix 5000 (latest firmware PTP mode) from 4.9-STABLE with no luck. usbdevs sees the camera, as does gphoto2 --auto-detect. However, I'm unable to access the camera data with gphoto2 --auto-detect --summary This is really a question for the gphoto2 mailing list, but perhaps you'd get better help if you posted (or looked at) your `gphoto2 --auto-detect --summary --debug` output. I successfully use gphoto2-2.1.2 and libgphoto2-2.1.2_2 from gtkam-0.1.10 with my Kodak DC3400 digital camera. Works great! Maybe your camera is accessible via the umass(4) driver? In this case, you won't need gphoto2 or libgphoto2, but would need to mount the camera just like a SCSI da(4) device. BTW, the list of supported devices in umass' man page is incomplete. Many more devices are currently supported as well. Just plug the camera in, turn it on, and watch the console closely. If a message from umass driver appears, and it tells something about a daX device being created, try mounting this device manually: # mount -t msdos /dev/da0s1 /mnt Then you can access the files on the camera at /mnt, just like files on any other filesystem. Don't forget to umount /mnt before turning the device off :) Good luck! -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Monitoring a file?
What is the canonical way to monitor accesses to a file? You may want to take a look at 'fam,' in /usr/ports/devel/fam , as some of the code's already been done for this type of monitoring AFAIK... Yes, that is a nice framework to start with. It uses help from the kernel (imon pseudo device on irix or linux), or polls the files with lstat(). It could be extended to use kevent(2) on FBSD... Unfortunately, it still doesn't know which process accessed the files. Hmmm... Thank you. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Monitoring a file?
A file, let's say, /path/to/a/file, is being modified by an unknown process P(u) at random times. Unfortunately, the name of the program ran by P(u) is unknown. I'd think the failsafe way to approach this is with a wrapper so that when process P accesses file F it's really accessing W(F), i.e. a software wrapper which would then emulate F, only since W's a pgm it can also log the activity as well as reply to P with basically whatever you want it to reply with. Unfortunately, FreeBSD doesn't have the equivalent of GNU/Hurd translators. On the Hurd, the filesystems are served by userland programs called translators. It is possible to set a translator anywhere on the filesystem. This is similar to a mount(8), with the difference that you can mount a program instead of a raw device. This program (translator in Hurd parlance) would serve VFS requests and actually reply to calls like open(), read(), write(), etc... A translator actually intercepts the VFS calls. In this case, it would be trivial to do a ps [or on the Hurd to query the proc server], and obtain at least a list of running processes in a very timely fashion [P(u) would certainly be present at that time!]. Because the translator replies directly to P(u), it *may* be possible to identify P(u) this way... Perhaps FreeBSD's mount_portal(8) could be used for this? I'm not familiar with portalfs... Would ln(1) be able to serve as the setup for W? I've only done soft links for directory aliasing on websites. So I don't know if you can get away with e.g. having a shebang line on top W and expect it to execute; if you could work it that way though you'd be golden afaict. A she bang would be useless here, because P(u) uses, say, open() and read(), not exec(). The kernel would never try to execute the file, and would therefore not try to read the she-bang line. Rereading this I realize for W to work it'd also have to be able to know who P is, i.e. the process and what it was wanting to do so it could emulate it. Or is there a way to just have W pass F on to P after logging the activity? And why do I suddenly crave a bowl of alphabet soup? That is precisely the problem here. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Monitoring a file?
What is the canonical way to monitor accesses to a file? Problem description: A file, let's say, /path/to/a/file, is being modified by an unknown process P(u) at random times. Unfortunately, the name of the program ran by P(u) is unknown. The goal is to catch P(u) red-handed, just the moment it accesses /path/to/a/file, e.g. by looking up in the process table with ps(1). That's not exactly red-handed, it's just not too long afterwards. Right. Ideally, the kernel should block P(u), notify P(m), and then unblock P(u). Of course, this doesn't happen with the current kernels (?). I don't think you're going to find a simple answer to this one. If I had this problem, I'd probably build a kernel with special code to recognize opens on this file (so that you can get the address of the file table) and writes to it (though this may be redundant). The code would enter the kernel debugger or maybe just panic, depending on the environment. That way you'd really catch the culprit red-handed. Yes, that was the idea with the debug nfsd. P(u) would block as long as debug-nfsd didn't reply, and would be hanging around in the process table. Surely, P(u) would still not be directly identifiable by debug-nfsd. Modifying the kernel really seems to be the only solution here. An alternative might depend on knowledge of what the file does. It is a DNS map. On that special host, named is not even running, so I suspect some rogue program. And no, there's nothing in crontab either However, the problem is more general than this. I just hoped that a generic solution exists. Greg Thank you for all the help. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Monitoring a file?
A file, let's say, /path/to/a/file, is being modified by an unknown process P(u) at random times. Unfortunately, the name of the program ran by P(u) is unknown. Have you tried moving the file elsewhere and seeing if anyone complains about the absence? No, P(u) obviously fails silently. There's nothing recorded by syslog, no messages on the console, and no core dumps... Or writing a program that locks the file? That was a good idea. However, P(u) didn't seem to take a lock. Advisory locks are just that: if P(u) doesn't lock the file, existing locks don't matter at all. Do we have mandatory locks in FreeBSD? Thank you. -- Cordula's Web. http://www.cordula.ws/ ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
