You could, yes. Though the existing sprite class (if you plan on
subclassing it) would require abit more tweaking than just the
_update_position function, you'd also need to adjust the
_create_vertex_list() function. I've taken the liberty of modifying the
built in sprite class to take a float z coordinate, so you can set its z
coord by writing:
self.sprite.z = 0.5
or
self.sprite.position = 64, 64, 0.5
It doesn't quite seem to play nice with the previous vertex list examples
when in the same batch together, so you may need to put them into a
separate batch.
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# pyglet
# Copyright (c) 2006-2008 Alex Holkner
# All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
# are met:
#
# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
# the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
# distribution.
# * Neither the name of pyglet nor the names of its
# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products
# derived from this software without specific prior written
# permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
# INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
# BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
# LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
# CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
# LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
# ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
# POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
'''Display positioned, scaled and rotated images.
A sprite is an instance of an image displayed on-screen. Multiple sprites can
display the same image at different positions on the screen. Sprites can also
be scaled larger or smaller, rotated at any angle and drawn at a fractional
opacity.
The following complete example loads a ``"ball.png"`` image and creates a
sprite for that image. The sprite is then drawn in the window's
draw event handler::
import pyglet
ball_image = pyglet.image.load('ball.png')
ball = pyglet.sprite.Sprite(ball_image, x=50, y=50)
window = pyglet.window.Window()
@window.event
def on_draw():
ball.draw()
pyglet.app.run()
The sprite can be moved by modifying the ``x`` and ``y`` properties. Other
properties determine the sprite's rotation, scale and opacity.
By default sprite coordinates are restricted to integer values to avoid
sub-pixel artifacts. If you require to use floats, for example for smoother
animations, you can set the ``subpixel`` parameter to ``True`` when creating
the sprite (:since: pyglet 1.2).
The sprite's positioning, rotation and scaling all honor the original
image's anchor (anchor_x, anchor_y).
Drawing multiple sprites
========================
Sprites can be "batched" together and drawn at once more quickly than if each
of their ``draw`` methods were called individually. The following example
creates one hundred ball sprites and adds each of them to a `Batch`. The
entire batch of sprites is then drawn in one call::
batch = pyglet.graphics.Batch()
ball_sprites = []
for i in range(100):
x, y = i * 10, 50
ball_sprites.append(pyglet.sprite.Sprite(ball_image, x, y, batch=batch))
@window.event
def on_draw():
batch.draw()
Sprites can be freely modified in any way even after being added to a batch,
however a sprite can belong to at most one batch. See the documentation for
`pyglet.graphics` for more details on batched rendering, and grouping of
sprites within batches.
:since: pyglet 1.1
'''
__docformat__ = 'restructuredtext'
__version__ = '$Id$'
import math
import sys
from pyglet.gl import *
from pyglet import clock
from pyglet import event
from pyglet import graphics
from pyglet import image
_is_epydoc = hasattr(sys, 'is_epydoc') and sys.is_epydoc
class SpriteGroup(graphics.Group):
'''Shared sprite rendering group.
The group is automatically coalesced with other sprite groups sharing the
same parent group, texture and blend parameters.
'''
def __init__(self, texture, blend_src, blend_dest, parent=None):
'''Create a sprite group.
The group is created internally within `Sprite`; applications usually
do not need to explicitly create it.
:Parameters:
`texture` : `Texture`
The (top-level) texture containing the sprite image.
`blend_src` : int
OpenGL blend source mode; for example,
``GL_SRC_ALPHA``.
`blend_dest` : int
OpenGL blend destination mode; for example,
``GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA``.
`parent` : `Group`
Optional parent group.
'''
super(SpriteGroup, self).__init__(parent)
self.texture = texture
self.blend_src = blend_src
self.blend_dest = blend_dest
def set_state(self):
glEnable(self.texture.target)
glBindTexture(self.texture.target, self.texture.id)
glPushAttrib(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT)
glEnable(GL_BLEND)
glBlendFunc(self.blend_src, self.blend_dest)
def unset_state(self):
glPopAttrib()
glDisable(self.texture.target)
def __repr__(self):
return '%s(%r)' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.texture)
def __eq__(self, other):
return (other.__class__ is self.__class__ and
self.parent is other.parent and
self.texture.target == other.texture.target and
self.texture.id == other.texture.id and
self.blend_src == other.blend_src and
self.blend_dest == other.blend_dest)
def __hash__(self):
return hash((id(self.parent),
self.texture.id, self.texture.target,
self.blend_src, self.blend_dest))
class Sprite(event.EventDispatcher):
'''Instance of an on-screen image.
See the module documentation for usage.
'''
_batch = None
_animation = None
_rotation = 0
_opacity = 255
_rgb = (255, 255, 255)
_scale = 1.0
_visible = True
_vertex_list = None
def __init__(self,
img, x=0, y=0, z=0.0,
blend_src=GL_SRC_ALPHA,
blend_dest=GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA,
batch=None,
group=None,
usage='dynamic',
subpixel=False):
'''Create a sprite.
:Parameters:
`img` : `AbstractImage` or `Animation`
Image or animation to display.
`x` : int
X coordinate of the sprite.
`y` : int
Y coordinate of the sprite.
'z' : float
Z coordinate of the sprite
`blend_src` : int
OpenGL blend source mode. The default is suitable for
compositing sprites drawn from back-to-front.
`blend_dest` : int
OpenGL blend destination mode. The default is suitable for
compositing sprites drawn from back-to-front.
`batch` : `Batch`
Optional batch to add the sprite to.
`group` : `Group`
Optional parent group of the sprite.
`usage` : str
Vertex buffer object usage hint, one of ``"none"``,
``"stream"``, ``"dynamic"`` (default) or ``"static"``. Applies
only to vertex data.
`subpixel` : bool
Allow floating-point coordinates for the sprite. By default,
coordinates are restricted to integer values.
'''
if batch is not None:
self._batch = batch
self._x = x
self._y = y
self._z = z
if isinstance(img, image.Animation):
self._animation = img
self._frame_index = 0
self._texture = img.frames[0].image.get_texture()
self._next_dt = img.frames[0].duration
if self._next_dt:
clock.schedule_once(self._animate, self._next_dt)
else:
self._texture = img.get_texture()
self._group = SpriteGroup(self._texture, blend_src, blend_dest, group)
self._usage = usage
self._subpixel = subpixel
self._create_vertex_list()
def __del__(self):
try:
if self._vertex_list is not None:
self._vertex_list.delete()
except:
pass
def delete(self):
'''Force immediate removal of the sprite from video memory.
This is often necessary when using batches, as the Python garbage
collector will not necessarily call the finalizer as soon as the
sprite is garbage.
'''
if self._animation:
clock.unschedule(self._animate)
self._vertex_list.delete()
self._vertex_list = None
self._texture = None
# Easy way to break circular reference, speeds up GC
self._group = None
def _animate(self, dt):
self._frame_index += 1
if self._frame_index >= len(self._animation.frames):
self._frame_index = 0
self.dispatch_event('on_animation_end')
if self._vertex_list is None:
return # Deleted in event handler.
frame = self._animation.frames[self._frame_index]
self._set_texture(frame.image.get_texture())
if frame.duration is not None:
duration = frame.duration - (self._next_dt - dt)
duration = min(max(0, duration), frame.duration)
clock.schedule_once(self._animate, duration)
self._next_dt = duration
else:
self.dispatch_event('on_animation_end')
def _set_batch(self, batch):
if self._batch == batch:
return
if batch is not None and self._batch is not None:
self._batch.migrate(self._vertex_list, GL_QUADS, self._group, batch)
self._batch = batch
else:
self._vertex_list.delete()
self._batch = batch
self._create_vertex_list()
def _get_batch(self):
return self._batch
batch = property(_get_batch, _set_batch,
doc='''Graphics batch.
The sprite can be migrated from one batch to another, or removed from its
batch (for individual drawing). Note that this can be an expensive
operation.
:type: `Batch`
''')
def _set_group(self, group):
if self._group.parent == group:
return
self._group = SpriteGroup(self._texture,
self._group.blend_src,
self._group.blend_dest,
group)
if self._batch is not None:
self._batch.migrate(self._vertex_list, GL_QUADS, self._group,
self._batch)
def _get_group(self):
return self._group.parent
group = property(_get_group, _set_group,
doc='''Parent graphics group.
The sprite can change its rendering group, however this can be an
expensive operation.
:type: `Group`
''')
def _get_image(self):
if self._animation:
return self._animation
return self._texture
def _set_image(self, img):
if self._animation is not None:
clock.unschedule(self._animate)
self._animation = None
if isinstance(img, image.Animation):
self._animation = img
self._frame_index = 0
self._set_texture(img.frames[0].image.get_texture())
self._next_dt = img.frames[0].duration
if self._next_dt:
clock.schedule_once(self._animate, self._next_dt)
else:
self._set_texture(img.get_texture())
self._update_position()
image = property(_get_image, _set_image,
doc='''Image or animation to display.
:type: `AbstractImage` or `Animation`
''')
def _set_texture(self, texture):
if texture.id is not self._texture.id:
self._group = SpriteGroup(texture,
self._group.blend_src,
self._group.blend_dest,
self._group.parent)
if self._batch is None:
self._vertex_list.tex_coords[:] = texture.tex_coords
else:
self._vertex_list.delete()
self._texture = texture
self._create_vertex_list()
else:
self._vertex_list.tex_coords[:] = texture.tex_coords
self._texture = texture
def _create_vertex_list(self):
if self._subpixel:
vertex_format = 'v3f/%s' % self._usage
else:
vertex_format = 'v3i/%s' % self._usage
if self._batch is None:
self._vertex_list = graphics.vertex_list(4,
vertex_format,
'c4B', ('t3f', self._texture.tex_coords))
else:
self._vertex_list = self._batch.add(4, GL_QUADS, self._group,
vertex_format,
'c4B', ('t3f', self._texture.tex_coords))
self._update_position()
self._update_color()
def _update_position(self):
img = self._texture
if not self._visible:
vertices = [0,0,0, 0,0,0, 0,0,0, 0,0,0]
elif self._rotation:
x1 = -img.anchor_x * self._scale
y1 = -img.anchor_y * self._scale
x2 = x1 + img.width * self._scale
y2 = y1 + img.height * self._scale
x = self._x
y = self._y
z = self._z
r = -math.radians(self._rotation)
cr = math.cos(r)
sr = math.sin(r)
ax = x1 * cr - y1 * sr + x
ay = x1 * sr + y1 * cr + y
bx = x2 * cr - y1 * sr + x
by = x2 * sr + y1 * cr + y
cx = x2 * cr - y2 * sr + x
cy = x2 * sr + y2 * cr + y
dx = x1 * cr - y2 * sr + x
dy = x1 * sr + y2 * cr + y
vertices = [ax, ay, z, bx, by, z, cx, cy, z, dx, dy, z]
elif self._scale != 1.0:
x1 = self._x - img.anchor_x * self._scale
y1 = self._y - img.anchor_y * self._scale
z = self._z
x2 = x1 + img.width * self._scale
y2 = y1 + img.height * self._scale
vertices = [x1, y1, z, x2, y1, z, x2, y2, z, x1, y2, z]
else:
x1 = self._x - img.anchor_x
y1 = self._y - img.anchor_y
z = self._z
x2 = x1 + img.width
y2 = y1 + img.height
vertices = [x1, y1, z, x2, y1, z, x2, y2, z, x1, y2, z]
if not self._subpixel:
vertices = [int(v) for v in vertices]
self._vertex_list.vertices[:] = vertices
def _update_color(self):
r, g, b = self._rgb
self._vertex_list.colors[:] = [r, g, b, int(self._opacity)] * 4
def set_position(self, x, y, z):
'''Set the X, Y, and Z coordinates of the sprite simultaneously.
:Parameters:
`x` : int
X coordinate of the sprite.
`y` : int
Y coordinate of the sprite.
'z' : float
Z coordinate of the sprite.
'''
self._x = x
self._y = y
self._z = z
self._update_position()
position = property(lambda self: (self._x, self._y, self._z),
lambda self, t: self.set_position(*t),
doc='''The (x, y) coordinates of the sprite.
:type: (int, int)
''')
def _set_x(self, x):
self._x = x
self._update_position()
x = property(lambda self: self._x, _set_x,
doc='''X coordinate of the sprite.
:type: int
''')
def _set_y(self, y):
self._y = y
self._update_position()
y = property(lambda self: self._y, _set_y,
doc='''Y coordinate of the sprite.
:type: int
''')
def _set_z(self, z):
self._z = z
self._update_position()
z = property(lambda self: self._z, _set_z,
doc='''Z coordinate of the sprite.
:type: float
''')
def _set_rotation(self, rotation):
self._rotation = rotation
self._update_position()
rotation = property(lambda self: self._rotation, _set_rotation,
doc='''Clockwise rotation of the sprite, in degrees.
The sprite image will be rotated about its image's (anchor_x, anchor_y)
position.
:type: float
''')
def _set_scale(self, scale):
self._scale = scale
self._update_position()
scale = property(lambda self: self._scale, _set_scale,
doc='''Scaling factor.
A scaling factor of 1 (the default) has no effect. A scale of 2 will draw
the sprite at twice the native size of its image.
:type: float
''')
def _get_width(self):
if self._subpixel:
return self._texture.width * self._scale
else:
return int(self._texture.width * self._scale)
width = property(_get_width,
doc='''Scaled width of the sprite.
Read-only. Invariant under rotation.
:type: int
''')
def _get_height(self):
if self._subpixel:
return self._texture.height * self._scale
else:
return int(self._texture.height * self._scale)
height = property(_get_height,
doc='''Scaled height of the sprite.
Read-only. Invariant under rotation.
:type: int
''')
def _set_opacity(self, opacity):
self._opacity = opacity
self._update_color()
opacity = property(lambda self: self._opacity, _set_opacity,
doc='''Blend opacity.
This property sets the alpha component of the colour of the sprite's
vertices. With the default blend mode (see the constructor), this
allows the sprite to be drawn with fractional opacity, blending with the
background.
An opacity of 255 (the default) has no effect. An opacity of 128 will
make the sprite appear translucent.
:type: int
''')
def _set_color(self, rgb):
self._rgb = map(int, rgb)
self._update_color()
color = property(lambda self: self._rgb, _set_color,
doc='''Blend color.
This property sets the color of the sprite's vertices. This allows the
sprite to be drawn with a color tint.
The color is specified as an RGB tuple of integers ``(red, green, blue)``.
Each color component must be in the range 0 (dark) to 255 (saturated).
:type: (int, int, int)
''')
def _set_visible(self, visible):
self._visible = visible
self._update_position()
visible = property(lambda self: self._visible, _set_visible,
'''True if the sprite will be drawn.
:type: bool
''')
def draw(self):
'''Draw the sprite at its current position.
See the module documentation for hints on drawing multiple sprites
efficiently.
'''
self._group.set_state_recursive()
self._vertex_list.draw(GL_QUADS)
self._group.unset_state_recursive()
if _is_epydoc:
def on_animation_end(self):
'''The sprite animation reached the final frame.
The event is triggered only if the sprite has an animation, not an
image. For looping animations, the event is triggered each time
the animation loops.
:event:
'''
Sprite.register_event_type('on_animation_end')
