Re: How to determine the version of sshd
On Wed, Sep 17, 2003 at 02:58:21PM -0400, Bill Moran wrote: ssh has the -V switch to display the version. sshd does not appear to have similar functionality. Is there a way to verify the version of sshd running on a FreeBSD system? % sshd -d The above will not background, and when it finds the port in use it will die. Or in this case it dies becuase as non-root it couldn't read the files it needed: debug1: sshd version OpenSSH_3.6.1p1 FreeBSD-20030916 Could not load host key: /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key Could not load host key: /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key Disabling protocol version 1. Could not load host key Disabling protocol version 2. Could not load host key sshd: no hostkeys available -- exiting. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: It's time to get angry
On Wednesday 24 September 2003 05:58 pm, Psyche101 wrote: For Windows users, a tip I use - entering 000 as an email address to tell if I have a virus. It will complain that it is a valid email address, but it will accept it. Then when you cop one of the nasties that try and send email to everyone in your address book, it goes to 000 first, and as it is not a valid email, it will halt the send process and give you a warning. That only works for exceptionally stupid viruses which used Microsoft's API to drive Outlook DLL's to do their dirty work. The current strains have their own SMTP engines and attempt to make deliveries direct rather than thru your Internet Options configuration. So you do not get notified. This has driven many previously open ISP's to close outgoing port 25 to any but their own mail servers. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: FreeBSD routing between 2 interfaces
On Tuesday 30 September 2003 08:33 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Dear FreeBSD users, I urgenly need to connect 192.168.1.* network to the internet. What am I doing wrong? [...] You forgot natd. Am guessing your DSL or cable modem is doing NAT and assigning an address to your FreeBSD system. The modem will only accept traffic from the IP address it gave your machine. So when your other network routes thru the FreeBSD machine the modem igores it. Use natd to map that network traffic to the FreeBSD machine's external IP address. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Soundcard config issue
On Saturday 11 October 2003 01:01 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I recently installed 5.1 release in a box that has a Creative Labs model # CT4810 soundcard. I believe this card is sold as Sound Blaster PCI, which is supported according to the pcm(4) man page. The following line is from dmesg output: pci0: multimedia, audio at device 9.0 (no driver attached) What does this mean, how can I configure it? Detailed instructions would be really appreciated. Thanks in advance... Its way too early to start building kernels to shoot for the proper drivers for your sound card. Use the KLD modules first to figure out what is needed, its much faster. Almost instant. Then rather than build the drivers into the kernel you might elect to load the modules automatically at boot. % su # kldload snd_driver See if your sound card now works. Easy test is to type mixer, if it doesn't complain then a driver was found. Snd_driver loads every sound driver, which works but is a bit excessive. We don't care about being excessive and wasteful when trying to get things working the first time but I don't think you want to use snd_driver all the time. If you get the card working with snd_driver (as I expect you will) then study /var/log/messages and dmesg(8) for hints as to what driver found hardware it liked. Then try to associate that with the modules listed with kldstat(8). Can use kldunload snd_driver to remove everything. Verify mixer(8) no longer works. Then use kldload(8) to install the module you think is needed. Verify with mixer(8). For me, snd_es137x is correct. Placed this line in /boot/loader.conf to load it (early) at boot: snd_es137x_load=YES snd_es137x depends on snd_pcm and will automatically pull it in too. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
exited on signal 6
Pointed pan2-0.14.2 at a newsgroup with over 750,000 messages. Watching the process in top I see it gets up to 470M and about 425M in core. Have seen the size over 525M. In any case for this particular newsgroup pan core dumps on signal 6. An abort? Where is this signal coming from? Have done nothing to /etc/login.conf, the field is blank in my account so default should be in effect. Default is unlimited. KDE is my window manager. System is an Athlon 800 with 640MB and about 1.7G of swap in 3 partitions and disks. At the time of the core dump only 150MB of swap is being used but there was about 100MB of swap activity in the moments before. The filesystem hosting my account has 63G free. Archive search didn't turn up anything of use but that may be due to my skills at forming a search expression, or limits of the search engine. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: exited on signal 6
On Jan 16, 2004, at 10:09 AM, Melvyn Sopacua wrote:
On Friday 16 January 2004 16:55, David Kelly wrote:
Have seen the size over 525M. In any case for this particular
newsgroup
pan core dumps on signal 6. An abort? Where is this signal coming
from?
From malloc() most probably.
Check the value of MAXDSIZ in your kernel config, or use limits -d to
find out
that the default maximum data size for any process is 512Megs.
Sure enough, limits -d says 512M. The core dump was 480M so maybe it
blew up on attempt to allocate a bunch more.
Didn't find any mention of these limits mentioned in
/usr/src/sys/i386/conf/ but
find /usr/src/sys -type f -exec grep -l MAXDSIZ {} \; turned up
/usr/src/sys/conf/NOTES which had more stuff that I had not seen
including examples of how to set the default and the absolute max.
So have launched a build with limits set to 1GB and will see how that
fares.
Thanks!
--
David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad.
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CVS process runaways
Using pserver in cvs for local software projects between multiple FreeBSD machines. All of recent to most-recent -stable. Have noticed the past 6 months a number of runaway CVS processes sucking 100% CPU time if they could get it. Never knew how to create this situation until recently. cvs update on a remote machine with CVSROOT as something like :pserver:[EMAIL PROTECTED]:/home/ncvs. Abort cvs with ^C before it completes. The cvs process on 10.0.0.5 runs away. Altho it seems to runaway sometimes when cvs update appears to run to completion normally. What, if anything, have we done wrong? If its not my screw up then where is the right place to report this? Via send-pr to the FreeBSD project, or to CVS developers? -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Internet connection sharing
On Sun, Dec 22, 2002 at 05:15:33PM +, Christophe Simon wrote: Hi, I'm trying to configure an old K6 200 as a gateway to share my internet connection at home. My LAN connected interface is xl0 (192.168.0.1), and my internet connected interface is ed0 (DHCP). I followed the instructions to make a filtering bridge : [...] IMO you don't want a filtering bridge. You want a NAT Gateway. Enable the gateway kernel option, may have to compile divert sockets into the kernel, ipfw is needed to divert packets to natd, run natd. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Can FreeBSD for Soekris be built this way?
On Monday 30 December 2002 12:56 pm, Michael C. Cambria wrote: - On a stable system, cvsup a different release (e.g. 5.0 -current) into say, /soekris/usr/src. Why not ~/soekris. Place it in your own home directory under soekris. - build everything, setting (if needed?) DESTDIR to somewhere in /soekris and MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX=/soekris/usr/obj If you can write to /usr/obj/ then buildworld will use /usr/obj/ as the prefix and continue with the full path to the sources you are builing. Normally you end up with a /usr/obj/usr/src/ but if you put the sources in your own home directory should get something like: /usr/obj/home/dkelly/soekris/src/... Speaking of which, you know you can buildworld as a mere mortal if you can write to $DESTDIR? No need to be root until installworld. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: [Q] ipfw and 'me'
On Monday 06 January 2003 11:23 am, Jonathan Belson wrote: Ceri Davies wrote: Since the machine is a gateway, it has two network cards. Will 'me' match *both* IP address or just the first one it comes across? I only really want it to match the IP address of the external interface, not the internal one. Both, I'm afraid. Hmm, I suppose since tests for IP spoofing through the external interface have already been carried out by that point, it isn't that much of a problem. So what is the probem with using to/from me via fxp0? Or possibly any via fxp0 as you have already decided to accept whatever address is assigned to the NIC. Problem with lifting the IP address off the NIC after DHCP is that you have to redo it every time the IP address changes. I have a script (/etc/dhclient-exit-hook) to run ddup into mine but have never felt totally comfortable with the result and waited about 6 months with it running before I actually let it run ddup live rather than echo dddup args to a log file. Speaking of which, I sure would like to get rid of these from /var/log/messages. Other machines on this ISP do the same even without the dhclient addition mentioned above: Jan 6 13:30:54 grumpy dhclient: New Network Number: 24.214.34.0 Jan 6 13:30:54 grumpy dhclient: New Broadcast Address: 24.214.34.255 Jan 6 14:40:12 grumpy dhclient: New Network Number: 24.214.34.0 Jan 6 14:40:12 grumpy dhclient: New Broadcast Address: 24.214.34.255 My address does not change, but this stuff floods messages. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: FreeBSD and the PowerPC
On Sunday 26 January 2003 05:18 pm, Stacy Olivas wrote: Greetings.. I have a question for the list.. I have a friend who is an avid Mac freak.. Why should your MacFriend want to use FreeBSD or Linux when Darwin and MacOS X exist? -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: FreeBSD and the PowerPC
On Mon, Jan 27, 2003 at 11:44:08AM -0500, george donnelly wrote: [David Kelly commented on 1/26/03 6:41 PM] On Sunday 26 January 2003 05:18 pm, Stacy Olivas wrote: Greetings.. I have a question for the list.. I have a friend who is an avid Mac freak.. Why should your MacFriend want to use FreeBSD or Linux when Darwin and MacOS X exist? maybe he doesn't want to get locked in to anything remotely closed source? maybe he'd rather not have to go thu apple to get to *bsd? Maybe somebody doesn't know anything about Darwin. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: How to map bad sectors on IDE?
On Sat, Feb 01, 2003 at 02:52:38PM -0500, Joe O wrote: The older wd ide driver used to have bad144 bad block re-mapping, you could scan a partition and the driver would remap hard error blocks at the time of the initial scan to a reservred area of known good blocks. Blocks that went bad from the time of that initial scan would need to be added to the list of bad blocks to re-map using the bad144 utility. The current ATA framework no-longer supports this with fairly good reasons. I haven't been following this thread closely so pardon me for butting in. I do not believe the old bad144 system had anything to do with ATA. It originated with VAX hardware. Bad144 managed spares in the disklabel. To this day, disklabel(5) still supports spare blocks. Over and above the low level ATA stuff. Problem is that SCSI specified how to manage bad block lists, how to list and edit the bad blocks. ATA/IDE didn't for a long time and as a result the only prayer you have of managing a bad block list on an ATA drive is with the manufacturer's utility. If even then. If somehow a bad block gets past the ATA built-in controller, that indicates the ATA drive is out of spares and begging for replacement. But if you want to continue there is a badsect(8) utility in FreeBSD which will create a file on top of the bad block. So from then on you simply stay out of that file. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Perl 5.6.1
On Wed, Feb 05, 2003 at 01:18:07PM -0500, MULCAHY, CHRISTOPHER H (Chris), SOLGV wrote: Is Perl version 5.6.1 available? If so, how can I get it? /usr/ports/lang/perl5 -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Seting the hardware clock
On Monday 14 July 2003 06:16 pm, stan wrote: ;m struggling with getting the hardware clock (BIOS clock) equal to the kernels time. On my Linux boxes a utility called hwclock is run on the way down to synchronize the 2. The problem I'm running into is that if the time on the system gets to far out of date for ntpd to bring it into synch, then I can update the kernels clock with ntpdate. But when I reboot the old incorrect time comes back. I ran into this during some software testing, that required setting the clock pretty far off of real time, and it was a PIA to get the machine back to the correct time. How _should_ this be handled? adjkerntz(8) holds the key to synchronizing kernel and BIOS/CMOS clock time. As for your kernel clock not holding good time, there are ways to correct that too. Ntpd can not keep the popular Soekris boards (based on AMD Elan SC520) in sync without tuning the time standard used in the kernel. Forgot if it gains or loses 4 to 5 minutes per day without mod. Because you are having problems keeping time, and other problems writing time, there may be something odd about your motherboard. Maybe there is something to protect the CMOS clock from being written to? Some sort of BIOS virus protection? Another thing we saw with Soekris and FreeBSD 4.x was that FreeBSD wrote Sunday as 0 but would accept 0 or 7 on read, Soekris clock hardware was happy with 0, but BIOS demanded 7 else it assumed the clock was corrupt and reset its time to Jan 1, 1980. This only mattered if you rebooted on Sunday. Its a 2 byte patch to FreeBSD 4.x, already included in 5.x. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Seting the hardware clock
On Monday 14 July 2003 08:11 pm, W. D. wrote: At 19:24 7/14/2003, David Kelly, wrote: Another thing we saw with Soekris and FreeBSD 4.x was that FreeBSD wrote Sunday as 0 but would accept 0 or 7 on read, Soekris clock hardware was happy with 0, but BIOS demanded 7 else it assumed the clock was corrupt and reset its time to Jan 1, 1980. This only mattered if you rebooted on Sunday. Its a 2 byte patch to FreeBSD 4.x, already included in 5.x. Where would one find this 2 byte patch for 4.7? Look for messages from phk in the soekris-tech mail list archives at http://www.soekris.com/ to be sure of finding the right thing. Nosing around a bit I believe the file is /usr/src/sys/i386/isa/clock.c. The fixed version (copied from 5.1): writertc(RTC_WDAY, (tm + 4) % 7 + 1); /* Write back Weekday */ The old version (+ 1 hacked out of above): writertc(RTC_WDAY, (tm + 4) % 7); /* Write back Weekday */ % cvs log /usr/src/sys/i386/isa/clock.c says: revision 1.191 date: 2002/12/04 13:46:49; author: phk; state: Exp; lines: +1 -1 Use the correct value when writing the Day Of Week byte in the CMOS. The correct range is [1...7] with Sunday=1, but we have been writing [0...6] with Sunday=0. The Soekris computers flagged the zero, zapped the date, so if you rebooted your soekris on a sunday, it would come up with a wrong date. Bruce has a more extensive rework of this code, but we will stick with the minimalist fix for now. Spotted by: Soren Kristensen [EMAIL PROTECTED] Thanks to: Michael Sierchio [EMAIL PROTECTED]. Confirmed by: bde Approved by:re IIRC the comment above about Sunday is incorrect. Have been using 0, but 7 (not 1) is correct. I believe 1-6 is still Monday thru Saturday in both versions. But I'm not going to sweat it tonight. Both versions work on most BIOS's. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: automatically adjusting time
On Thursday 17 July 2003 12:28 pm, Brian Skrab wrote: Have a look at Chapter 19.11 (NTP) in the FreeBSD Handbook. http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/network-ntp .html I don't recall if the handbook mentions this, but you can schedule ntpdate to run periodically via a crontab entry, in addition to running at startup. But why would one want to when ntpd is so easy to use and has the advantage of tuning the kernel's clock for even more accurate time keeping? Put this in your /etc/ntp.conf to save ntp's kernel PLL tweaks between reboots: # Write clock drift parameters to a file. This will allow your system # clock to quickly sychronize to the true time on restart. driftfile /etc/ntp.drift -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Defragment HDD
On Thursday 24 July 2003 02:45 pm, Peter Rosa wrote: Hi all, is it possible, and by using what program, to defragment HDDs under FreeBSD ? Why are you worried about it? Professional-grade filesystems such as UFS do not require or benefit the way Microsoft-grade filesystems do. This is a common problem in that people can not imagine that the Microsoft way is any but the only way. Otherwise such a tool would be integrated in the default periodic system utilities such as launched from /etc/periodic/. SGI did include such a filesystem maintenance tool in Irix launched nightly by cron. Forgot if it was for EFS or XFS. The boot time fragmentation message speaks of something else, due to the filesystem being nearly full. If you really must defragment then the only option is dump(8), newfs(8), and restore(8). -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Defragment HDD
On Thursday 24 July 2003 03:12 pm, Dan Nelson wrote: The FFS filesystem reserves 8% of the disk space so that it can allocate contiguous blocks for files. It happens to serve that function, but I understood the reserve is for root so that users can not fill filesystems and kill root processes. The reserve does not apply to UID 0. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: How can I check for swap space? (4.8-Release)
On Thursday 07 August 2003 06:16 pm, John Mills wrote: 2. How can I check what I got? (No joy yet from 'fdisk' on that.) 3. How do I check current memory usage (sim. 'free' in Linux)? swapinfo will list your swap partition(s) and how much of each is used. % swapinfo Device 1K-blocks UsedAvail Capacity Type /dev/ad4s3b266240 76 266164 0%Interleaved /dev/ad4s3f262144 72 262072 0%Interleaved Total 528384 148 528236 0% % I have 148 kBytes swapped out to roughly 512 MB of swap space. - David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Formatting a floppy
On Wednesday 13 August 2003 11:56 pm, Verghese George wrote: Hi, I tried a simple command of formatting a floppy drive #fdformat /dev/fd0 It comes up with an output Errors encountered: cyl Head Sect Error 0 0 1 no address mark in ID field 0 1 1 no address mark in ID field 1 0 1no address mark in ID field 1 1 1 no address mark in ID field etc I am using freebsd 5.1. I had no such problems when I was using version 4.0 Me too, but have been too busy to mention it. Was able to read floppies with the mdir and mcopy commands out of /usr/ports/emulators/mtools/ and the mformat command pretended to format a floppy but couldn't write to it and Microsoft OS's couldn't make any sense of it. Formatting the floppy with NT4 worked fine there but not here. FreeBSD 5.1. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: FreeBSD as router - performance vs hardware routers
On Thursday 14 August 2003 09:57 am, Jason Stewart wrote: I've even heard of people using 486's as firewalls, but havent tried it myself. Many of the SOHO routers use 486-system-on-chip solutions. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Sound card setting on FreeBSD5.0 ???
On Tuesday 19 August 2003 02:21 am, Vlado Korcek wrote: Hi People, I've tried to set up the sound card on my machine but unsuccessfully :-( I'm running FreeBSD 5.0. The MB is Abit NF7-S based on nForce2 chipset. The sound card is on board: AC 97 CODEC on board I've compiled the KERNEL with device pcm in order to get the audio running. But when I reboot the system and then I check for the device, I see nothing: grep pcm /var/run/dmesg.boot - shows no pcm device dmesg | grep pcm - no device listed Could anyone advice me what can be the problem and how to get it running??? Pcm is not the entire sound card driver, only a common portion of it. Use kldload snd_driver and I believe every /boot/kernel/snd_* module will be loaded. *Then* see if your sound works. Once you get that working then you can start optimizing. Visit dmesg for clues as to exactly which module is needed for your hardware and try loading that. Rather than reboot try kldunload(8). Once I had mine figured out then in /kernel/loader.conf I put this one line: snd_es137x_load=YES My system looks like this: # kldstat Id Refs AddressSize Name 1 11 0xc010 381650 kernel 21 0xc0482000 6190 snd_es137x.ko 32 0xc0489000 1d320snd_pcm.ko 41 0xc04a7000 4a30cacpi.ko 51 0xc34bc000 2000 blank_saver.ko 61 0xc3578000 18000linux.ko # Notice snd_es137x.ko caused snd_pcm.ko to be loaded without otherwise being told to load. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Help setup home network when gateways, ip asigned by DHCP
On Thursday 21 August 2003 08:17 pm, Rod Person wrote: My problem is that my gateway get its external ip address via DHCP. I can't figure out how to setup ipfw rules to use DHCP addresses. Use either the me pseudo-address or trigger on the interface. A few rules copied out of my current ipfw configuration: 00600 allow tcp from me to any setup 01400 allow udp from me to any dst-port 53 keep-state 01500 allow udp from me to any dst-port 123 keep-state 01600 allow udp from 69.1.30.0/24 67 to me dst-port 68 01700 allow udp from me 68 to 69.1.30.0/24 dst-port 67 -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Formatting a floppy - Help required.
On Monday 25 August 2003 12:49 am, Technical Director wrote: If I were you I would try a new floppy and see if you can format then. You as well might look into the /etc/disktab file close to the top for other instructions on how to format a floppy. I too am having problems with formatting floppies in 5.1. Went thru a handful of floppies I regularly use and none worked. I don't have anything but FreeBSD on this machine for a 2nd opinion on the condition of its hardware but the same floppies formatted without error and seem to work in another machine with NT4. On return from NT4 I was unable to write files without 100% low level errors to the floppies with mcopy but was able to read what the NT4 machine wrote. The last time this sort of thing happend I found an oddball BIOS setting put an end to the problem in FreeBSD where NT4 had no problems. Have not had that problem with this MB and RELENG_4. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: zmore for bzip2?
On Wed, Aug 27, 2003 at 11:37:47PM -0500, ES top-posted: For your bzip2 files, would the following command suffice? bzcat filename | less [...] Yes, of course. But zmore is smart enough to figure out what to do with several compression techniques, or even to handle non-compressed files very trivially and without hassle. I've changed my /etc/newsyslog.conf from J to Z simply so that I could zmore the files rather than pipe the file or dress up an alias named bmore or similar. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Undo MBR
On Wednesday 03 September 2003 05:13 pm, Paul Murphy wrote: I have just installed FBSD-CURRENT on a test box. During install I unwittingly installed a BootMgr entry for the second HDD (it will just be a data disk, no need to boot from it). If I do 'dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/rad2 count=15' will this erase the BootMgr or will I have to redo Fdisk and etcetera. There is no data on the disk yet so this would be no hardship, but is there a proper way of doing what I want? Just to clarify, upon booting I get: F1 FreeBSD F5 Drive 1 but I just want to boot straight into FreeBSD, no dual-boot. I don't know why you are fretting about this prompt and momentarily pause in the boot process. Also think you are confused about the MBR thing on the 2nd drive. The prompt above is coming from your first HD. If the BIOS did not know about the 2nd drive the F5 entry would not be there and the FreeBSD F1 entry would still be there. You could hide this prompt by retuning the MBR to pause 0 or 1 seconds. Zero might be infinite. To eliminate the prompt, wipe the HD and reinstall dangerously dedicated. The result will be a disk which lacks the headers which allows other x86 OS's to understand what/how the disk is used. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: IBM 120 G IDE -- problems
On Sunday 07 September 2003 10:29 pm, Andrew L. Gould wrote: On Sunday 07 September 2003 10:16 pm, Mark Terribile wrote: A drive problem seems unlikely; this was a new disk sealed in silver mylar and I expect these drives to be rock-solid. (Should I doubt this?) Yes, you should doubt this. I've had new IBM and a Western Digital drives die on me this year. If you can, test the drive in a different computer and/or operating system. A HD, like any other device, is more likely to fail when its very new than at any other time. For what it's worth, I have 120GB (Maxtor) hard drives in computers running FreeBSD 4.8 and 5.1. FWIW the built-in Promise controller on my Asus A7V works well in 5.1-R with IBM/Hitachi 120G HD: atapci1: Promise PDC20265 UDMA100 controller port 0x7800-0x783f,0x8000-0x8003,0x8400-0x8407,0x8800-0x8803,0x9000-0x9007 mem 0xdd80-0xdd81 irq 11 at device 17.0 on pci0 ata2: at 0x9000 on atapci1 ata3: at 0x8400 on atapci1 ad6: 117800MB IC35L120AVV207-1 [239340/16/63] at ata3-master UDMA100 -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Interface collisions
On Mon, Mar 31, 2003 at 08:20:34AM -0600, Jack L. Stone wrote: For the first time within the past few days, I've noticed collisions being reported on the public NIC for one of the servers. I'm not sure if it means the switch or the NIC is the culprit, so not sure which component may need to be replaced. Name Mtu Network AddressIpkts IerrsOpkts Oerrs Coll rl1 1500 Link#200:40:33:5b:bb:5f 6816063 0 7494432 0 66977 Lets see, 67e3 packets had to be retried within their first 64 octets out of 7.5e6 sent. Actually thats pretty darn good. But ideally if you are connected to a full duplex switch it should not happen. Ideally. I have no idea how a switch behaves when its caches are momentarily full but I would guess forcing a collision might be a politer means with faster recovery to back off senders than to simply drop the packet. Then again a RealTek NIC is the scum at the bottom of the NIC bucket. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Interface collisions
On Mon, Mar 31, 2003 at 08:38:04AM -0600, Josh Paetzel wrote: On Mon, Mar 31, 2003 at 08:20:34AM -0600, Jack L. Stone wrote: For the first time within the past few days, I've noticed collisions being reported on the public NIC for one of the servers. I'm not sure if it means the switch or the NIC is the culprit, so not sure which component may need to be replaced. Name Mtu Network AddressIpkts IerrsOpkts Oerrs Coll rl1 1500 Link#200:40:33:5b:bb:5f 6816063 0 7494432 0 66977 [...] I'm lazy, I would replace the cable first. If that didn't work I'd suspect the $10 realtech card, and if that didn't work then I'd suspect a bad port on the switch. You would sweat over a number which says less than 1 in 100 packets sent had to back off and requeue? No matter that other machines with same hardware/software don't accumulate collisions I don't believe this connection is broken. Others have suggested hard setting the data rate and duplex on the NIC. That is not a bad idea, especially when using less than premium hardware. Replacing the cable isn't a bad idea either. Often when a UTP cable is wired incorrectly by not observing proper pairing of wires (honor the Twisted Pair part of UTP) it mostly works but crosstalk between wire pairs is more than it should. Enough to cause errors. I've seen machines run for months wrongly wired until the position of the sun and moon are finally unfavorable enough that the system falls off the net. The sad thing is that 3Com NIC's tend to work thru the bad wire while everything else I have fails immediately. That's both good and bad. Would like to turn off the 3Com's added ability for initial installation then turn it on for production as extra margin for dependability. But now that I know, I bring my laptop for debugging the connection. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Interface collisions
On Mon, Mar 31, 2003 at 10:34:05AM -0600, Jack L. Stone wrote: [...] Also, I agree that the collisions are very small and were cached by the switch, not lost necessarily. However, the sudden appearance over the past 2-3 days indicates a change that is not for the better and more concerned about the trend. Not cached by the switch else your rl driver would not have known about it. The rl driver logged the collision because it started sending a packet and was not able to copy it 100% in real time so it concluded somebody else was transmitting at the same time. If the card is configured in full duplex mode it should not be verifying copy of its own data when sending, by definition. Unless there is some sort of out-of-band communications between ethernet ports operating via full duplex. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: TouchStream keyboards with FreeBSD?
On Mon, Mar 31, 2003 at 10:03:56AM -0600, Steve Price wrote: Does anyone have any experience using the TouchStream keyboards from FingerWorks with FreeBSD? A friend of mine just got one for his Mac and thinks it is great. I'd borrow it and give it a whirl here but he lives several hundred miles away. Here's the URL for the one I'm interested in. http://www.fingerworks.com/lp_product.html I don't know why that product would _not_ work with FreeBSD. Says all it needs is a USB port to plug in and uses no special driver. The only question is converting to a USB keyboard and mouse on FreeBSD. Might not be recognized by your BIOS so it won't work until after the kernel is loaded. If you need to borrow a USB keyboard there should be one on your wife's iMac, or I have a spare. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: how to get it?
On Tue, May 27, 2003 at 06:28:34PM -0700, SS wrote: Can you link me the EXACT files i will need to get freeBSD. Can you also instruct me on how to install them... Thank you in Advance! If we were to tell you exactly what to do then afterwards the only things you would be able to do are what we tell you to do. Start at the top left corner of http://www.FreeBSD.org/ and move down to where it says Software. Next item is Getting FreeBSD. It lists lots of ways to get FreeBSD, including brick mortar stores, online stores, and free FTP sites world wide. Next item below Software is Documentation. More good stuff there. For Newbies and FAQ in particular. Chapter 3 of the FAQ, first item, Which file do I download to get FreeBSD? -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
VPN from one Win2k host to a FreeBSD network?
This has been covered many times before, I'm sure, just I just can't find it now I have need. A consultant with one Win2k system behind a home-office NAT firewall needs to speak Microsoft protocols to an NT4 server inside my FreeBSD NAT firewall. Also connect to the Oracle database. I currently have an IPsec VPN to yet another site with an identical FreeBSD firewall as I have here. Microsoft protocols flow over that link as well. The fact her remote Win2k system is already behind NAT suggests to me using Win2k built-in IPsec isn't going to work with racoon? She can ssh to my FreeBSD system. I have not disabled sshd port forwarding. An attractive low threshold of pain might be to use PuTTY on Win2k and port forward to here. Research suggests she would have to disable filesharing, or possibly remove that module, in order to free ports 137-139 so this would work. Might work but isn't low threshold of pain. Simple ssh port forwarding should work fine for Oracle. Next thought would be to tunnel PPP thru SSH. Have found plenty of examples of how to do this Unix to Unix but not from inferior OS's. Yet another thought was to use PPPoE. Win2k should have a PPPoE client. Is there a tool on FreeBSD to receive such connections? Would it appear on the Win2k system as another network interface or would it be her sole interface while it is up? Encryption for PPPoE? -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: how to stop resolv.conf from being updated
On Friday 30 May 2003 01:09 pm, Laszlo Vagner wrote:
I am using DHCP on a cable modem and my
providers nameserver really sucks
but changing my resolv.conf repairs
the lookups for a little while then it gets
set back to them upon bootup.
how do i make it stay the way i set it.
IMHO all the other suggestions are less good than mine. The
recommendation to chmod /etc/resolv.conf simply does not work.
My suggestion is to create an /etc/dhclient-enter-hooks containing these
3 lines. The advantage is this survives upgrades and mergemaster.
#/bin/sh
make_resolv_conf() {
}
--
David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Netatalk with 5.0?
Having upgraded a non-critical system to 5.1-BETA from 4.8 by wiping the drives and starting from scratch, just how does one add NETATALK to the new kernel config? I don't see it in /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/NOTES and we no longer have LINT... I do see netatalk at /usr/src/sys/netatalk/ but nothing other than a COPYRIGHT file and no hints as to how to apply. Or at least I think Protocol not supported is telling me the kernel is missing something: AndrAIa: [1005] /usr/local/etc/rc.d/netatalk.sh start netatalksocket: Protocol not supported socket: Protocol not supported atalkd: can't get interfaces, exiting. AndrAIa: [1006] I'd like to get netatalk working again. Then we'll figure out why Samba doesn't... -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: VPN from one Win2k host to a FreeBSD network?
Thanks! I knew there had to be something out there but in the wealth of ports, I couldn't find it. On Monday 09 June 2003 08:20 pm, Brent Wiese wrote: Use MPD (its in the ports) for PPTP support, which is built into w2k. On the user side, its friendly to set up because it presents the user w/ a modem-type setup where you dial a vpn box. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf Of David Kelly Sent: Friday, May 30, 2003 9:03 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: VPN from one Win2k host to a FreeBSD network? This has been covered many times before, I'm sure, just I just can't find it now I have need. A consultant with one Win2k system behind a home-office NAT firewall needs to speak Microsoft protocols to an NT4 server inside my FreeBSD NAT firewall. Also connect to the Oracle database. I currently have an IPsec VPN to yet another site with an identical FreeBSD firewall as I have here. Microsoft protocols flow over that link as well. The fact her remote Win2k system is already behind NAT suggests to me using Win2k built-in IPsec isn't going to work with racoon? She can ssh to my FreeBSD system. I have not disabled sshd port forwarding. An attractive low threshold of pain might be to use PuTTY on Win2k and port forward to here. Research suggests she would have to disable filesharing, or possibly remove that module, in order to free ports 137-139 so this would work. Might work but isn't low threshold of pain. Simple ssh port forwarding should work fine for Oracle. Next thought would be to tunnel PPP thru SSH. Have found plenty of examples of how to do this Unix to Unix but not from inferior OS's. Yet another thought was to use PPPoE. Win2k should have a PPPoE client. Is there a tool on FreeBSD to receive such connections? Would it appear on the Win2k system as another network interface or would it be her sole interface while it is up? Encryption for PPPoE? -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] === == The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd- questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: television cable internet service
On Tue, Jun 17, 2003 at 10:33:43AM -0700, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Greetings fellow B.S.D. enthusiasts. Recently, I requested installation of a television cable at my home in Sacramento, California. The cable operator is Comcast. I requested connection of the television cable to my computer, which is a service that the operator advertises profusely. The telephone sales representative assured me that all things are possible, including both a Unix operating system, and an in-house L.A.N. The installation technician spent some time installing the cable, then attached it through a Motorola DOCSYS modem to the NIC board on the computer. The computer saw the cable network, but the cable refused to accept a logon request from the computer. The technician said that he believed that neither B.S.D. nor any other Unix, nor any Microsoft product that could be programmed to act as a server was acceptable. Has any other person had the same problem? How did you solve it? If I insist on a B.S.D. connection, how do I locate a B.S.D. friendly internet service provider in Sacramento? If I insist on B.S.D., am I confined to a 56 kb Hayes-type telephone modem? Any comments or advice is appreciated. [EMAIL PROTECTED] You didn't give any hints as to how the service was to be implemented. Did the technician copy your NIC's MAC address and phone it in? Or did he/she expect to access a web page to enable your service? Or was anything said about PPPoE? DHCP? Did they leave the modem installed? Did they provide a URL detailing online how to connect a Mac or Windows system? If so, somebody could interpret it and explain what needs to be done. As for my cablemodem, with both services I have had the tech exclaimed, Easiest installation I've ever done as when it was all hooked up and the modem LED's indicated it was talking to its upstream master I typed, dhclient fxp0 and was online. In both cases the NIC MAC address had to be phoned in. Another site was almost as simple but required an https web browser to initially register with username and password. Then it snagged a copy of my MAC address. And that was all that had to be done. But for the fact I was installing a headless FreeBSD firewall/router/vpn machine. The easiest thing was to plug in my PowerMac G4-400 and register the connection. Then used the lladdr feature of ifconfig to change the MAC address of the FreeBSD NIC. Placed it in /etc/start_if.xl0 so as to be run before dhclient runs: ifconfig xl0 lladdr 00:12:34:56:78:90 It was easier than trying to convince tech support to unregister one MAC so that another could be registered. Later went looking and couldn't figure out how to do the same for my Macintosh. As a result I can't connect my Mac to that network because the firewall isn't happy to see somebody else using one of its MAC addresses. All 3 cases above used DHCP and not PPPoE. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Small Database Software Recommendation
On Saturday 21 June 2003 08:45 pm, Ryan Thompson wrote:
As far as defining less tangible goals, though, I want to learn
${X} is a valid goal.
And there is nothing quite as motivating as a task *you* want to do.
Especially compared against class assignment or something the boss
thinks should be done.
--
David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: How to Start Courier-Imap?
On Sunday 29 June 2003 06:02 pm, Tomlinson, Drew wrote:
I've installed courier-imap 1.7.1 using portupgrade on my 4.8 system
but I can't figure out how to start it. I'm familiar with
/usr/local/etc/rc.d and see links to start scripts there but when I
run them, I get errors about being unable to find files. Here's and
example:
blacklamb# ./courier-imap-imapd.sh.sample start
.: Can't open /usr/local/etc/courier-imap/imapd-ssl: No such file or
directory
I assume this has to do with the files not being installed where the
scripts expect to find them. Next I try a 'whereis' to find the
file:
The courier-imap port is not as friendly as many other ports. It stumped
me for a while too. Finally I saw and actually read the last message
the make process emitted (from the tail end of
/usr/ports/mail/courier-imap/Makefile):
@${ECHO_MSG}
@${ECHO_MSG} You will have to run ${DATADIR}/mkimapdcert to create
@${ECHO_MSG} a self-signed certificate if you want to use imapd-ssl.
@${ECHO_MSG} And you will have to copy and edit the *.dist files to *
@${ECHO_MSG} in ${CONFDIR}.
@${ECHO_MSG}
Believe this will get you going:
% su
# cd /usr/local/etc/courier-imap
# cp -p imapd-ssl.dist imapd-ssl
# cp -p imapd.dist imapd
# cp -p authdaemonrc.dist authdaemonrc
After copying the following I edited it for my location just in case I
ever used x509 certificates:
# cp -p imapd.cnf.dist imapd.cnf
and for POP3 (I don't use):
# cp -p pop3d.dist pop3d
# cp -p pop3d.cnf.dist pop3d.cnf
# cp -p pop3d-ssl.dist pop3d-ssl
and finally:
# cd /usr/local/etc/rc.d
# cp -p courier-imap-imapd.sh.sample courier-imap-imapd.sh
# sh courier-imap-imapd.sh start
The final thing which stumped me was Apple's Mail.app connecting to
courier-imapd ran an infinite loop of repeating connects because
~/Maildir was only a directory and did not contain cur/ new/ and tmp/
directories. See maildirmake(1). Unless you are using quotas it doesn't
appear to be any different than ( umask 77; mkdir -p ~/Maildir/cur
~/Maildir/new ~/Maildir/tmp )
--
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Re: setting up ipfw
On Tuesday 01 July 2003 08:01 pm, Jamie wrote: I am having a very difficult time setting up ipfw on a 4.8 installation. Was wondering if anyone might be able to shed some light on this. [...] I want to ssh in from another machine: foo.bar.com with IP address 200.88.34.12. This is the rule I am adding: ipfw add allow tcp from 200.88.34.12 to power.bar.com 22 It tells me it can't resolve power.bar.com! Well, *when* is the above rule added? Is DNS up and working then? You know you can't make DNS queries until after the ipfw rules allowing DNS have been applied? If your machine is power.bar.com and if you have more than one interface you don't care if 200.88.34.12 could connect on any interface then the following is a better rule where 1234 is some position in your ruleset: ipfw add 1234 allow tcp from 200.88.34.12 to me 22 setup For setup to work you need an rule (usually early to minimize processing overhead) like this: ipfw add 400 allow tcp from any to any established So, I try: ipfw add allow tcp from 200.88.34.12 to 200.88.54.93 22 It accepts the rule, but I still cannot connect from foo.bar.com. Anyone have any ideas? Plenty. Can you ssh from anywhere else to your machine? Can you ssh from that machine to itself? In other words, Is sshd running? You didn't list an ipfw rule number in your above example. So where is it inserting in the ruleset? Very likely its after a deny rule which otherwise blocked the connection. Believe ipfw inserts unnumbered rules 100 beyond the last rule entered, so the above probably landed after any deny rule. The first rule to hit ends ipfw processing of the packet (except for divert). For quick ipfw debugging, ipfw zero to clear the hit counts. Try the failed ssh attempt, then ipfw -a list and see which rules got hits. If you suspect a deny rule is blocking the connection then insert a new copy of that deny rule just prior and with the log modifier. Repeat. And look at /var/log/security for additional details. And speaking to posterity and the list, you already know that you can simply type the rule at the keyboard, don't have to modify your firewall script file until you want the change made permanent, don't have to reboot. Stylistically I'd recommend your rule(s) include the setup modifier, and earlier you have a pass all established rule. This is the way its done in the /etc/rc.firewall example. With setup and log you get only one hit in /var/log/security when the connection is made. Without setup you get an entry for each and every packet until your VERBOSE limit is hit (I think, as I don't use the verbose limiter). -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
/usr/local/share/sgml/catalog.ports does not exist
Installed 5.1-RELEASE clean from CDROM on new HD and new filesystems
earlier this week. Installed XFree86 and KDE from ports during the
initial install. Installed /usr/ports and /usr/src later via CVS and
am up to date as of yesterday.
Attempting to add certain ports that I'm missing got stuck on
/usr/ports/news/pan. It breaks while installing docbook stuff for lack
of /usr/local/share/sgml/catalog.ports.
=== docbook-xml-4.2_1 depends on file: /usr/local/bin/xmlcatmgr - found
for file in `unzip -l /usr/ports/distfiles/docbook-xml-4.2.zip|/usr/bin/awk
'/:[0-9].*[^\/]$/{print $4}'`; do install -o root -g wheel -m 444
/usr/ports/textproc/docbook-xml/work/$file /usr/local/share/xml/docbook/4.2/$file;
done
=== Generating temporary packing list
xmlcatmgr: catalog /usr/local/share/sgml/catalog.ports does not exist
*** Error code 1
[...]
Stop in /usr/ports/news/pan.
** Command failed [exit code 1]: /usr/bin/script -qa
/home/dkelly/tmp/portinstall37524.0 make
** Fix the problem and try again.
** The following packages were not installed or upgraded (*:skipped / !:failed)
! news/pan (unknown build error)
Attempts to locate whoever creates catalog.ports have failed.
Searching my old 4.8 installation indicates it didn't exist there
either. But its mentioned quite often in /usr/ports/textproc/*/Makefile.
So how do I get past this error?
--
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Re: pcm on 5.1
On Thursday 03 July 2003 07:01 pm, Kenneth Culver wrote: On Thursday, July 3, 2003, at 07:58 PM, Laszlo Vagner wrote: I just updated to 5.1-r and was wondering how to add soundcard support to the kernel.? in 4.8 i just added 'device pcm' in my kernel config and recompiled but 5.1 is different and i dont want to do something to mess things up. dmesg follows. Just do what you've always done. Add device pcm to your kernel. I don't think its quite that easy, but its even easier now. % cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf % grep -i pcm * GENERIC:# PCCARD (PCMCIA) support GENERIC:# Pcmcia and cardbus bridge support GRUMPY:# PCCARD (PCMCIA) support GRUMPY:# Pcmcia and cardbus bridge support NOTES:# pca: PCM audio through your PC speaker NOTES:# gp: National Instruments AT-GPIB and AT-GPIB/TNT board, PCMCIA-GPIB OLDCARD:# PCCARD (PCMCIA) support OLDCARD:device pcic# PCMCIA bridge Does not appear to be a pcm device available for statically compiling into the kernel. But never mind as its available as a kld in /boot/kernel/ So go look in /boot/kernel/snd_* for the device which matches your sound hardware and use kldload to give it a try something like this: % su # kldload snd_es137x I have it loading at boot time now, so kldstat looks like this: # kldstat Id Refs AddressSize Name 1 12 0xc010 37aa68 kernel 21 0xc047b000 6190 snd_es137x.ko 32 0xc0482000 1d320snd_pcm.ko 41 0xc04a 4a30cacpi.ko 51 0xc346d000 7000 ipfw.ko 61 0xc34bc000 2000 blank_saver.ko 71 0xc3592000 18000linux.ko Notice snd_es137x needed snd_pcm and pulled it in too. snd_driver is a mega-module including all the other snd modules. If you are not sure about what sound hardware you have, then kldload snd_driver and go look at the tail of dmesg to see what hit. Then when you know what is needed edit /boot/loader.conf. Add a line like this as I have done for snd_es137x to load the module at boot: snd_es137x_load=YES Now the head of my dmesg looks like this after boot: Copyright (c) 1992-2003 The FreeBSD Project. Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. FreeBSD 5.1-RELEASE #0: Thu Jul 3 16:27:56 CDT 2003 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/GRUMPY Preloaded elf kernel /boot/kernel/kernel at 0xc04ec000. Preloaded elf module /boot/kernel/snd_es137x.ko at 0xc04ec21c. Preloaded elf module /boot/kernel/snd_pcm.ko at 0xc04ec2cc. Preloaded elf module /boot/kernel/acpi.ko at 0xc04ec378. So all you have to do is add the right line to /boot/loader.conf. No recompiling the kernel or anything else complex. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Post about BSD's alleged demise on /.
On Thursday 10 July 2003 06:19 am, Konrad Heuer wrote: To my mind this contribution on /. misses some interesting and important facts. I've been a FreeBSD user since 2.0-RELEASE and I see the following facts: [snip] You can't smell a troll? The referenced SysAdmin magazine http://www.samag.com/ article didn't include a date of test but was written by employees of the far-from-unbiased Lyris. The optimized for NT architecture mistakes in Lyris products are old news to FreeBSD lists. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Try to delete files
On Thursday 10 July 2003 06:21 am, Nigel Taylor wrote: Hi all, Hi, in my years of using freebsd i have collected alot of distfiles in the ports tree and i want to free up some space on my harddrive and i was wondering is there a command to delete files in the distfiles folder that are less than the year 2000? Or maybe there is a program that deletes all the older releases in the distfiles? if someone could help i would be gratefully Install /usr/ports/sysutils/portupgrade Then portsclean -CD to remove work files from /usr/ports/ and to remove all non-referenced files in /usr/ports/distfiles/ Its not safe to delete distfiles older than 2000 because a very large number of current distfiles are much older than that. Use ls -lt to see for yourself after having cleaned up with portsclean. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Try to delete files
On Thursday 10 July 2003 10:27 am, Luke Cowell wrote:
For academic purposes, I'll provide this explanation.
Use find; this command would delete any files modified more than one
year ago.
Find /usr/ports -mtime +365 -xargs rm -ri {} \;
That works but is not a very good idea. My distfiles were recently
scoured with portsclean -D and this is the result:
% find /usr/ports/distfiles/ -type f -mtime +365 | wc -l
373
In other words I have 373 current distfiles which are over 365 days old.
--
David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
=
The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its
capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system.
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Re: new bootable drive
On Thursday 10 July 2003 01:11 pm, Casey Scott wrote: I need to replace the drive that my fbsd boots from. I have read the documentation on how to format, and copy files to a drive. e.g.: To move file from your original base disk to the fresh new one, do: # mount /dev/ad2 /mnt # pax -r -w -p e / /mnt # umount /mnt # mount /dev/ad2 / I am not sure if that procedure will copy the necessary bootstrap data to the new disk. I do not want to use a ghosting utility because I need a new partition scheme on the new drive. Will the procedure above copy EVERYTHING from / to the new / making it a replacement for the bootable disk? If not, what is the best procedure for that? No, the above will not create the boot block(s), nor partition the disk. Easiest way to do that is to fire up /stand/sysinstall, bypass the install stuff and go directly to the disk partition actions. Invoke the write function before leaving each of the partitioner and disk labeler. Use the standard FreeBSD boot manager and let it write the MBR. The above pax command works but does not preserve file flags. -p e preserves mode bits and timestamps, but I'm not so sure about the flags which chflags(8) would manipulate. I believe dump(8) piped into restore(8) would. Something like this: # dump 0af - / | ( cd /mnt; restore rf - ) Repeat above for each filesystem. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Performance issues with natd
On Wednesday 25 September 2002 05:21 pm, Kenneth Culver wrote: [...] All that said, it wouldn't hurt to try to use ipfilter or something like that... that would avoid any extra money being spent if it solves the problem (I doubt that it will but it might). It would be very easy to swap inside and outside interfaces. It might make things worse. It might make things better. Might not be any change at all as there is still a memory move involved as long as the Rhino is in use. But the rhythm of the data transfer may be different and data rates may improve. Will never know until its tried. There is nothing seriously wrong with the performance of ipfirewall. As for spending money the Rhino-based card mentioned is one of those $10 to $20 super-cheapies every Office Depot, BestBuy, and Walmart stock. Watching at hamfests and computer shows one can purchase used Intel 10/100's for under $10. Possibly my best deal was 3 for $8 altho I bought some DEC Tulip-based cards for 3 for $5 recently. Surprisingly they all worked. Is best to shop for quality. That is why we are BSD users. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Performance issues with natd
On Thursday 26 September 2002 08:02 am, Vallo Kallaste wrote: All that said, even old (16bit)NE2000 clone will easily sustain 800+kB/s on my old 133Mhz Pentium with CPU load 20% or so. 400kB/s versus 100kB/s throughput difference in this particular case isn't matter of 3Com vs. Via NIC, I guess. I'll suggest trying out IPFilter (ipf) and let us know of the results. Yeah, and I run ipfirewall/divert/natd on PII-300's between xl0 and fxp0 and have no thruput problems. I don't remember what or if he said his firewall ruleset was like, or if it was open. The difference between his system and my systems is a built-for-cheap Rhine chipset NIC. Rhythm is important in TCP/IP. When all the rowers stroke in unison then the boat moves fast and smooth. When one rower strokes to a different drum then the ride is rougher. Ssh via terminal on MacOS X to FreeBSD sshd is bursty and slow to update the terminal window when connected thru my ipfw/FreeBSD router. Better Telnet With SSH under Classic is slick and smooth. Scp in the terminal window has excellent thruput. The burstyness of ssh is due to conflicting rhythms of the schedulers on the remote end, firewall, and the MacOS client end. And I think the same sort of thing is happening in this thread. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
w: /dev/:0: No such file or directory
What have I failed to do correctly in my update/upgrade? w and uptime work but complian about no /dev/:0: Glancing thru /usr/src/usr.bin/w/ and /dev/MAKE* I find no reference to the :0:. But know better than to claim my search was perfect. This is -stable from October 6. On a running system as myself I: % rm -rf /usr/obj/usr % cd /usr/src % make buildworld % su # make installworld # mergemasert # make KERNCONF=GRUMPY kernel # shutdown -r now % w w: /dev/:0: No such file or directory 10:21AM up 21:43, 1 user, load averages: 0.00, 0.00, 0.01 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE WHAT dkelly p3 frisket 8:57AM - w -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: how to kill nfs-blocked process
On Sun, Oct 13, 2002 at 10:17:26PM -0400, Bill Moran wrote: [please stop top-posting] And charset=GB2312 trips my spam filters. If you don't mind, then I won't mind either. Now that I've opened my mouth, sure hope mutt does the right thing. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Upgrade recommendations
On Wed, Oct 16, 2002 at 01:14:12PM -0400, Jonathan Arnold wrote: I'm currently running 4.5, and want to upgrade my machine and was wondering what you might have for recommendations. [...] 3] A reformat and complete upgrade to 5.0 - I already have the web site mailing list dbs backed up. As scary as it sounds, I'm leaning towards #3. That does sound scary. By all means go right ahead if it doesn't matter that the server stays up. In the past 7 years that I have been using FreeBSD the hardest thing to beat into peoples heads has been don't use -current on critical machines. Am concerned that your system is still 4.5, which suggests you don't have to spend much time keeping it running (good) but don't spend much time keeping up (bad). There have been serious issues with ssh, apache, and probably other things since 4.5. You may be vulnerable. Make buildworld, make installworld, mergemaster, and make kernel can be performed on a running system. Then with any luck you are only a reboot away from being updated. That's what I do. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Mac can't connect to Internet
On Tuesday 22 October 2002 01:24 pm, Kevin Stevens wrote: Two things: - Is the FreeBSD box set to act as a router (packet forwarding on)? If another machine behind the BSD box can connect to the Internet it would answer that question. - Is the FreeBSD box set as the default router in the OS X box' settings? To which I'll add that it was not obvious in the original posting whether or not the FreeBSD system had two NICs or whether everything was connected to the hub/switch including cable modem. Walter said the firewall was disabled. So I'm guessing he is a long way from getting the Mac connected. Would be surprised if he has more than one IP address from his ISP (earthlink?), which would be required without NAT. And the firewall is needed to apply the divert rule to get NAT. In setting up my firewall I found this URL very handy: http://www.mostgraveconcern.com/freebsd/ Specifically is this one which I believe was the most help: http://www.mostgraveconcern.com/freebsd/ipfw.html -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Mac can't connect to Internet
On Tuesday 22 October 2002 07:55 pm, Walter wrote: I had actually tried it with the firewall enabled previously, but because that had not worked either, had disabled hoping it would work after (mis-?)reading a post here. But it seems now that I failed to recompile the kernel with IPFIREWALL and IPDIVERT, so I'll check back once that's done and tested. (Fwiw, the configuration I'm trying to implement is: Cable-Modem = FBSD = hub = Mac, PC, etc.) Is probably best to compile those into the kernel but IPFW will be kldload(1)'ed by the /etc/rc.* scripts if enabled. As for divert, I don't remember. Custom kernel is a sure thing. On reboot, start by proving the connection between Mac and FreeBSD works. Then FreeBSD to ISP. Then work on Mac thru FreeBSD to ISP. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
dhclient too verbose in /var/log/messages
For the last year or so something changed in dhclient and/or my ISP resulting in dhclient being way too chatty with syslog and flooding /var/log/messages with this about every 75 minutes, when my DHCP lease is renewed: Nov 21 05:43:00 Frisket dhclient: New Network Number: 24.214.110.0 Nov 21 05:43:00 Frisket dhclient: New Broadcast Address: 24.214.110.255 I don't see any ready way to configure dhclient to mute this output. Placing a sed filter in /etc/syslog.conf would be one way to stifle the chattyness but that should be the avenue of last resort. How might I convince dhclient to be quiet and/or log elsewhere? -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: USB Compact Flash reader
On Friday 22 November 2002 09:40 pm, Peter Milne wrote: Would it be possible to get a USB flash card reader to work in FreeBSD? I don't suppose I could plug it and it would work? :O) What must I do to get it working? There is a SanDisk model which works just about that easily. Need to run usbd. Then the CF card appears on /dev/da0 on my system. Have ufs filesystems on the CF cards we use so root has to mount them. But if dealing with CF cards from a camera I'd look into mtools from the ports. Used it a lot in the past with floppies. Do most DOS-like commands to floppies without mounting the filesystem. Without need of being root if you can read/write /dev/da0. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: dhclient too verbose in /var/log/messages
On Sunday 24 November 2002 12:48 am, David Daugherty wrote: It's not much to go on but you might be able to find something under 'man dhclient.conf' BTDT. /log results in no hits in man dhclient.conf. Same results for /verb looking for verbose. -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]] On Behalf Of David Kelly Sent: Thursday, November 21, 2002 7:27 AM To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Subject: dhclient too verbose in /var/log/messages For the last year or so something changed in dhclient and/or my ISP resulting in dhclient being way too chatty with syslog and flooding /var/log/messages with this about every 75 minutes, when my DHCP lease is renewed: Nov 21 05:43:00 Frisket dhclient: New Network Number: 24.214.110.0 Nov 21 05:43:00 Frisket dhclient: New Broadcast Address: 24.214.110.255 I don't see any ready way to configure dhclient to mute this output. Placing a sed filter in /etc/syslog.conf would be one way to stifle the chattyness but that should be the avenue of last resort. How might I convince dhclient to be quiet and/or log elsewhere? -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] === == The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: dhclient too verbose in /var/log/messages
On Sunday 24 November 2002 09:38 am, JoeB wrote: You have to change the level keyword in /etc/syslog.conf to select or not to select what type of messages you want to log. The level describes the severity of the message, and is a keyword from the following ordered list (higher to lower): emerg, alert, crit, err, warning, notice, info and debug. You may want to start with warning as notice, info, and debug generates the kind of general operational msgs you are seeing. For more details read the man page on syslog.conf Thank you but you missed the point. I don't want to change the messages syslogd traps and writes to files. Its just fine the way it is. OTOH something changed in the past year with dhclient and/or both ISP's I have systems connected via. Something changed which causes dhclient to spit out excess messages in such a way as to cause syslogd to write them to /var/log/messages. If I were to muffle the syslog levels logged I would then risk failing to log something I should not miss. In the case of dhclient its verbosity is predictable and redundant. So now that I've seen this message too much its time to put an end to this one source and leave everything else well enough alone. Considering how top-posting ruined this thread for proper continuance I'll repeat the original situation; /var/log/messages is being flooded with this: Nov 24 16:23:44 grumpy dhclient: New Network Number: 24.214.34.0 Nov 24 16:23:44 grumpy dhclient: New Broadcast Address: 24.214.34.255 Nov 24 17:36:47 grumpy dhclient: New Network Number: 24.214.34.0 Nov 24 17:36:47 grumpy dhclient: New Broadcast Address: 24.214.34.255 Nov 24 18:51:32 grumpy dhclient: New Network Number: 24.214.34.0 Nov 24 18:51:32 grumpy dhclient: New Broadcast Address: 24.214.34.255 Nov 24 20:05:52 grumpy dhclient: New Network Number: 24.214.34.0 Nov 24 20:05:52 grumpy dhclient: New Broadcast Address: 24.214.34.255 It is not a fault for syslogd to be recording these messages. It is an error in dhclient for claiming these parameters have changed when they have not changed. man dhclient and man dhclient.conf make no mention of how to control logging. No metion of what priority, facility, or level is used when writing log entries. Sadly this is a typical Unix documentation shortcoming. Is also a shortcoming in syslogd in that the logs it writes do not include any hint as to what parameter triggered its filter (syslog.conf) and caused the item to be written to a log file. The solution is to insert a specific sed filter in syslog.conf to delete this excessive verbosity. Or to fix dhclient either by patch or dhclient.conf. But once again the dhclient man pages fail to metion logging as a configurable parameter. Am I the only one who gets these messages every time dhclient renews my lease? -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: any advice before I buy a printer for FreeBSD?
On Sunday 24 November 2002 09:45 pm, BSD baby wrote: Any advice before I buy a printer for FreeBSD? I'm finally going to get a printer for my FreeBSD devbox this week. Are they all pretty much FreeBSD-compatible? or is there some spec I need to look for? I assume parallel port is still the way to go or is USB really ready on FreeBSD? The most painless way to print within FreeBSD is with a Postscript printer which speaks lpd protocol on ethernet. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Hubs and switches (was: uninformed qstn...)
On Saturday 14 December 2002 07:25 pm, Greg 'groggy' Lehey wrote: I tried a test here between two machines on my network. In each case, the data went via the Cisco 2900 switch and then either via a hub or a second switch. The remote machine has a 10 Mb/s interface. Here are the results (average ping time): [snip] Where the switch will really sing is a test with more than 4 computers. Run a load between 2, and ping between the other two. Or better yet run a load between each pair of machines and benchmark ftp thruput. At today's prices the only reason I'd run a hub is because I reached into my junk box and thats what came out. If its important enough to go to the store or place an order (rather than scrounge in the junk box), it will be a switch. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: freebsd4.7 and Samba and OS X
On Saturday 08 February 2003 09:28 am, Bill Moran wrote: Maybe the Apple system has not got the necessary permissions to create this extra file. This could be way off the mark though :). I just thought of this ... Samba has the option to hide dot files which would prevent the Apples from ever seeing the .appledouble (as I remember) files at all. Yeah But... The .AppleDouble directories were created by NetAtalk. They were not the creation of clients which had connected to the share. But you may be on to something as MacOS X does like to create a dot file/directory on shared resources, its just not called .AppleDouble. More like .sD2 IIRC. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: freebsd4.7 and Samba and OS X
On Saturday 08 February 2003 09:29 pm, Bill Moran wrote: David Kelly wrote: But you may be on to something as MacOS X does like to create a dot file/directory on shared resources, its just not called .AppleDouble. More like .sD2 IIRC. Well, I could be wrong about, .AppleDouble specifically, but the whole theory that dotfiles could be disappearing into a Samba black hole is what I was trying to put across. Yes, I didn't mean to sound as if I was discounting your idea as I think you are on the right track. Here is a snippet from a filesystem which I know was being shared by NetAtalk and Samba. The only NetAtalk client recently was MacOS X 10.2.3 but has been used by everything since 7.6.1 and a good number of FreeBSD's since 3-something. ls -laCF | more total 200310 drwxr-xr-x 18 dkelly wheel 1536 Jan 15 11:35 ./ drwxrwxr-x 6 dkelly wheel512 Feb 7 14:27 ../ drwxr-xr-x 2 dkelly wheel512 Jan 6 16:46 .AppleDB/ drwxr-xr-x 11 dkelly wheel512 Nov 21 17:21 .AppleDesktop/ drwxr-xr-x 2 dkelly wheel512 Jan 15 11:35 .AppleDouble/ -rwxr--r-- 1 dkelly wheel 6148 Oct 18 16:14 .DS_Store* -rw-r--r-- 1 dkelly wheel 6148 Jan 15 11:35 :2eDS_Store I believe .DS_Store and :2eDS_Store are unique to MacOS X and created by MacOS X. 2e is hex for an ASCII dot, my guess is :2e is an Apple escape mechanism for the dot. Also think I have mounted the above on my Jaguar system via both AppleTalk and Samba protocols. This week I upgraded the above FreeBSD machine to 5.0. Prior to the upgrade I removed all ports. Had a rough time trying to upgrade via make. Another rough time trying to do a binary upgrade via CD. Eventually wiped my entire boot drive and did a clean installation from CD. So I don't have NetAtalk nor Samba reinstalled just yet. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: freebsd4.7 and Samba and OS X
On Sunday 09 February 2003 04:34 am, Jon Reynolds wrote: I also think you guys might be on to something. The only difference between the 2 shares is that the ServerFiles share has a 'veto' option in it to hide these files. Maybe my understanding of veto is wrong, I always thought that it hid the files not disallowed them to be created. And that's all it would take. If the client creates the dot files and then can't read them, then what is the point? Previously NetAtalk created the dot files itself, so it made sense to hide them from the clients. But in the case of MacOS X Jaguar, the client is creating dot files because it needs them for something. On AppleShare I suspect Jaguar creates the dot files only to track window sizes and icon placements. In the case of SMB shares where one does not have Data and Resource forks, I would expect the dot files created by the X client would be used to provide this functionality. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Help with racoon(kame)
On Mon, Feb 10, 2003 at 05:08:26PM -0500, Lowell Gilbert wrote: Victor Lamptey [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: ? Can someone please tell me how to install the racoon software on freebsd4.7. I am kind of frustrated with racoon, because I cannot use ./configure and the make all commands runs but then it comes back and prompts me for the patch file. And even after entering the path of the patch files, the compilation aborts. This kind of problem is why we have the ports system. cd /usr/ports/security/racoon make make install clean Of course that doesn't explain why I got 10 or 12 copies of Victor's message in pure unreadable HTML. I let vim clean up Lowell's quoting of Victor. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Samba on 5.0, does not appear in SMB browsers
Upgrading my ancient FreeBSD box from 4.7-stable to 5.0 wasn't terribly
successful via source upgrade and rebuild. And then an attempt from the
5.0-RELEASE CDROM using upgrade caused panics when playing with the
old filesystem. So I copied user data to another drive, booted the 5.0
CD, deleted all slices on the ad0 drive and recreated using the
defaults.
So far the only thing I lost in the process was my working smb.conf
file.
The network has a Genuine NT4 Server. I'd just as soon ignore it if I
may. So I have named my domain MAINFRAME and my FreeBSD machine is
named AndrAIa (firewall is Frisket, my NT workstation is Enzo, couldn't
resist naming the (postscript laser) printer Dot. Get it?)
The problem is that finally I have my domain visible in Network
Neighborhood but attempts to browse its contents, which should list
AndrAIa, fail. It used to work on prior installation which was also
Samba 2.2.7a but FreeBSD 4.7 and a now lost smb.conf.
Can not say at the moment whether or not I installed Samba from binary
package on CDROM or built from sources via port.
Configured using SWAT. This is my current smb.conf:
# Global parameters
[global]
workgroup = MAINFRAME
netbios name = ANDRAIA
log level = 3
preferred master = Yes
domain master = Yes
hosts allow = 10.0.0.0/255.255.255.0
[public]
comment = public
path = /usr4/public
guest ok = Yes
[dkelly]
comment = dkelly
path = /usr/home/dkelly
read only = No
only user = Yes
[homes]
valid users = %S
read only = No
browseable = No
The testparam utility passes the above.
With log level = 3, the bulk in /var/log/log.{nmbd,smbd} is much
greater. Network neighborhood times out without creating any log entries
but from NT typing the raw IP address to Find Computer produces log
entries which do not make much sense to me.
Then got the idea to try connecting from MacOS X 10.2.3. Again using raw
IP address as the machine is also running NetAtalk and is listed there.
And I get farther as the Mac offers both dkelly and public shares. But
am not able to get past the authentication.
Suspect this is very simple, if only you recognize my problem. Its as
if something else on the net is answering as MAINFRAME, but that domain
wasn't listed among the other two before I starting to bring this
machine back online.
--
David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its
capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system.
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mdconfig vs 'vnconfig -s labels'
In FreeBSD prior to 5.0 would attach a filesystem image to a vnode with # vnconfig -s labels -c vn0 filesystem.image In FreeBSD 5.0 the function of vnconfig has merged with mdconfig. Attempts to attach my old images to an md with mdconfig fail in exactly the same way as if I skipped -s labels in 4.7. The new mdconfig utility does not have a labels option but appears to need one. How has disk labeling changed in 5.0? Any way in 5.0 to get at the contents of my disk images? Will whatever has changed in 5.0 prevent me from moving a disk image labeled and newfs'ed in 5.0 to a 4.7 system? -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: FreeBSD sysctls
On Fri, Feb 28, 2003 at 02:38:04AM +0800, Tomazo Lujiano wrote: Hello, FreeBSD hackers! And here is my problem: I use FreeBSD-4.7 Stable at home. My machine also provides an Internet access in our local network. That's why I set different firewalls, ipfilters and other stuff to provide the security in our private net. So, I'd also like to defend my server from OS-detectors, such as nmap and some others and change TCP-stack as well. And what I do: sysctl kern.ostype kern.ostype: FreeBSD Well, everything is clear. Then I type: sysctl kern.ostype=Lotus_Notes/DOMINO but see: sysctl: oid 'kern.ostype' is read only Nobody is going to be able to read kern.ostype from your system unless they have already rooted you. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Configuring sound
On Fri, Feb 28, 2003 at 09:17:19PM +, desmond james wrote: This is a fairly recent FreeBSD? The instructions you quote sound quite old. I'm running 4.7 and I thought I had a recent version of the handbook. I'll try give it a try and let you know. Still didn't say anything about what kind of sound hardware is being troublesome to configure. To the best of my knowledge, kldload snd.ko loads and probes for every sound card known to FreeBSD. Altho in practice you proably don't want all those loaded in the kernel. Just the other day I used the technique described earlier to configure an otherwise unknown Philips sound card. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Internal Lan Card
On Mon, Mar 03, 2003 at 01:34:51PM +0100, Jesper Hald wrote: I have no idea how to make freebsd actually find the card / install the correct drivers for it - somebody out there who knows what to do ? from IBM's page I get this (very helpful) info: Intel 10/100 onboard ethernet That should be an fxp NIC. And should already be in the GENERIC kernel. I've never had one onboard, only 3c905 look-alikes, which required nothing special. Have always been happy with fxp NIC cards. this is part of my dmesg, don't think it's useful, but might as well have it included just in case... I have a 3com (xl0) in the computer, but it would be nicer to have the built-in working. This is what pciconf -l says about my two fxp's: [EMAIL PROTECTED]:11:0: class=0x02 card=0x000c8086 chip=0x12298086 rev=0x08 hdr=0x00 [EMAIL PROTECTED]:12:0: class=0x02 card=0x000c8086 chip=0x12298086 rev=0x08 hdr=0x00 Am thinking you are lacking the device fxp line in your kernel config. Try loading the kld version with kldload if_fxp.ko and see what happens. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: getting images off a digital camera...
On Mon, Mar 03, 2003 at 12:50:09PM -0500, Alex(ander Sendzimir) wrote: I am getting a Sony DSC-F717 digital camera and I'm wondering if there are any software tools under fbsd to get the images off of it via USB? Also, does anyone know if there is similar for reading memory sticks via a USB memory stick reader or whatever they're called? /usr/ports/graphics/gphoto2/ -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: CD-R drive gone bad?
On Mon, Mar 03, 2003 at 08:26:36PM +0100, Janine C.Buorditez wrote: Hello. My Yamaha CDR400t suddenly stopped working, and I have no idea what's wrong. cdrdao and cdrecord worked just fine up until a week ago, when: :: cdrdao write --device 0,3,0 --speed 4 --overburn *toc WARNING: Unit not ready, still trying... It's there alright: [...] If anyone has come across a similar problem with a solution to fix it, I appreciate all the help I can get. My HP9200 croaks if reset with an audio CD in the tray. Works fine as a CD player and data CDROM but will not burn. Specifically, Pink Floyd: Dark Side of the Moon. Couldn't hurt to verify the tray is empty and trying a cold boot. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: SAMBA performance and FreeBSD
On Tue, Mar 04, 2003 at 09:20:12PM +0200, Bigbrother wrote: I started to use samba with freebsd and I cant say that I am satisfied with the performance of it. Specifically on my local 100Mbits network the samba read speed on the server (athlon 1700) is 1Mbit/sec, while the write speed is much much worse. If I ftp to that machine I have read speed of minimum 7Mbits/sec. For starters, how do you measure _bits_ per second? 7Mbits/sec sucks for FTP over 100baseT networks. 7M bytes/sec is about right. Odds are you have your bits and bytes mixed up. At some point you have to consider your HD hardware. 1M bytes/sec of random access isn't bad. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Configuring sound
On Thu, Mar 06, 2003 at 09:05:15PM +, desmond james wrote: Sorry it took me so long to respond, I've been busy. Anyway, I don't have a sound card. I have Matsonic ms8127c mother board that comes w/ sound support. Should not make any difference. When such devices are on the motherboard they are implemented as if they were on a card. I ran kldload snd.ko, but it didn't seem to do anything to my dmesg. It certainly didn't say anything about pcm. I've tried working through your insructions along w/ the hand book, but I really haven't been able to sort anything out. It should be metioned when its attached in dmesg. But other thing to do is type mixer to see if something exits. http://www.matsonic.com/faq.htm#Sound%20Pro%20Audio%20FAQs suggests your sound is a CMI8330 which is mentioned in /sys/dev/sound/isa/mss.c and would be supported by /modules/snd_mss.ko. However, its in the ISA catagory which means you have a PnP issue between your MB, BIOS, and FreeBSD. Its not called Plug and Pray without cause. You don't say whether the sound works under Windows? Look for an item in your BIOS config for PnP OS. Try changing it to whatever it currently is not. Look for a setting to disable the sound card feature on the MB. May be labeled AC97. If PC hardware worked the way it was supposed to it would be a Macintosh. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: BIND stange behavior
On Thursday 06 March 2003 04:32 pm, Paolo M wrote: Did you check with a Windows box too? I am remembering I also got this error from a Windows box but now I am no more sure about it (I only use Jaguar at home). The past year or so I've not allowed any but UDP port 53 thru the firewall. But when I got tired of lengthy delays and often down ISP nameservice I enabled named with forward only, and finally broke down and created a private internal namespace/zone for the company. Had not yet changed the internal DHCP to point the internal mostly-NT systems at my nameserver. But had pointed my desktop Mac at it. This morning when I opened my morning-ritual 18 URLs all at once with Chimera-ne-Camino, was having a lot of problems. Some got thru quickly, others much slower, many but not all timed out. Adjusted ipfw rules to log denied packets to/from my Mac and quickly saw TCP port 53 being denied. Opened up port 53 to internal TCP and cured the problem. One thing I suspect is my FreeBSD 4.7-p6 nameserver responds in such a way as to make MacOS X think TCP is legal. I don't believe the Mac ever tried TCP talking to the ISP nameservice. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: DHCP Server learning name servers since server itself is dhcp'd??
On Saturday 08 March 2003 12:32 pm, Mikko Työläjärvi wrote:
It is more elegant in perl, but dhclient-enter-hooks is a
shellscript, so it felt easier to just add it there.
/etc/dhclient-enter-hooks needs to be created in any case if you wish to
use named else it will write an /etc/resolv.conf containing the values
given by the DHCP server. Something like this is all it takes to keep
it from changing your resolv.conf:
#!/bin/sh
make_resolv_conf() {
}
Naturally, one could expand my null'ed make_resolv_conf() to 1) verify
DNS servers have changed, and 2) write them in /etc/namedb/named.conf,
then 3) ndc restart
My ISP has done something in the past year or so that dhclient thinks
each and every lease renewal is practically a new lease.
/etc/resolv.conf gets (actually, only attempted now) written on each
renewal. /var/log/messages gets flooded with this:
Mar 8 21:14:29 grumpy dhclient: New Network Number: 24.214.34.0
Mar 8 21:14:29 grumpy dhclient: New Broadcast Address: 24.214.34.255
--
David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its
capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system.
To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: BIND stange behavior
On Thu, Mar 06, 2003 at 01:50:23PM -0800, Paolo M wrote: I saw a very starnge behavior accessing mail.yahoo.com from a connected Apple MacOS (but also from any other PC), the first attempt to resolve the names replies an error. If I repeat the request everything is fine. If I wait some minutes all the sequence repeats... I got nipped by the same symptoms this week myself. In my case the issue was in the firewall. Was surprised to find MacOS X 10.2.4 Jaguar alternately uses TCP to do DNS lookups. Sometimes it uses UDP, sometimes TCP, within moments. Strangely, my test lookup which caused so much trouble was www.yahoo.com. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Some Info
On Wed, Mar 12, 2003 at 04:21:51AM +0800, vignesh vignesh wrote: Hi, I am student and I would like to get some information about FreeBSD.What is the advantages and disadvantages of this operating system? The advantage of FreeBSD over other OS's is that not only can you try it for free, keep it for free if you like it, but you can also use it for free in whole or part for most anything you want without obligation to give away your own work for free. Could do the same with Linux but you would have to hire a lawyer to help you keep GPL from infecting your unique product additions. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: good compact flash/smart card readers?
On Wed, Mar 12, 2003 at 10:30:46AM +1100, JacobRhoden wrote: Hi, Im about to buy a usb cf card reader (i want to be able to write to cf cards) does anyone here have one they would reccomend which works well in FreeBSD? SanDisk ImageMate, P/N SDDR-31, works exceptionally well. Just start usbd and plug it in. Dmesg will say something like this when it appears: umass0: SanDisk Corporation ImageMate CompactFlash USB, rev 1.10/0.09, addr 2 umass0: Get Max Lun not supported (STALLED) da0 at umass-sim0 bus 0 target 0 lun 0 da0: SanDisk ImageMate II 1.30 Removable Direct Access SCSI-2 device da0: 650KB/s transfers da0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present Only problem here is when you have SCSI drives which are not wired in your kernel configuration. The USB SanDisk may pre-empt da0 on boot so your /etc/fsck is out of kilter. BTDT. SCSI disks needed to be wired in place anyhow but I've managed to go 8 years without. I thought it was a 1.0 MB/sec device on my Macintosh or somewhere. Maybe with a different USB interface under FreeBSD? Plugged into my G4's keyboard and asking what Apple System Profiler says, it only says, Device Speed: Full. What ever that means. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Too many collisions on network?
On Sun, Mar 16, 2003 at 08:50:47PM +0100, Olivier Dony wrote: Any ideas? And thanks again, I've learned a lot so far with your kind help :-) Once Upon A Time when SGI was great and not sgi one of their employees posted an excellent article on collisions on his personal company home page. The gist of that article was to the effect, collisions are not bad and went on to prove it. That up to 200% collision rate will only hurt total wire thruput by 12%. Collisions are unavoidable on half-duplex ethernet because when a host starts transmission it doesn't know if anyone else is doing the same. So it copies its data off the wire and if someone else is transmitting at the same time the data is corrupted, both hosts notice and back off and apply a random wait before retrying. Some, not all, NIC hardware click a collision counter. The collision occurs in the first 64 octets of the transmission so very little wire time (bandwidth) is lost. Problem with modern fast hardware is one can receive a packet and queue the ACK in time for the next ethernet opening and collide with the next incoming packet of the file transfer (or whatever). So with a large file transfer if you DON'T have 100% collision rate, your hardware isn't as fast as you thought. A quick glance at Olivier's data showed only 30% to 50% collision rate. Nothing to worry about unless you know you are connected to a full duplex hub. What you should worry about is a late collision, which is the same thing but happening after the first 64 octets. Late collisions are due to defective hardware, software, or the local ethernet is too long for the current value of the speed of light. Notification of late collisions is routed thru the kernel log. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: ipsec and gre tunnels
On Tuesday 18 March 2003 10:59 am, Brent Wiese wrote: It's a common mistake to do both gif and ipsec. I realize many of the handbooks you find say to do it. They're wrong. They've been contacted and most won't change them, which just misleads more people. Use ipsec in tunnel mode instead of transport and ditch gif. I've heard that before. So with a RELENG_4 system I dropped my gif tunnel and it worked! Then some time after 4.7-RELEASE somebody changed something so that the contents of an ESP packet could not be distinguished by ipfw from non-ESP packets on the same interface. So my rule for blocking RFC 1918 addresses on the public interface was blocking my own tunneled packets. Then I reverted the system to RELENG_4_7 and my IPSec tunnel failed to operate until I resumed initializing the gif interface as I was originally doing. /etc/ipsec.conf looks like this: flush; spdflush; spdadd 10.0.0.253/24 192.168.100.253/24 any -P out ipsec esp/tunnel/city_one-city_two/require ; spdadd 192.168.100.253/24 10.0.0.253/24 any -P in ipsec esp/tunnel/city_two-city-one/require ; /etc/rc.conf has this: # added 4/30/2002 for VPN to city_two ipsec_enable=YES gif_interfaces=gif0 # removed 11/17/2002 dmk # from here to there... gifconfig_gif0=city_one city_two ifconfig_gif0=inet 10.0.0.253 192.168.100.253 netmask 255.255.255.255 # the VPN route: static_routes=city_two route_city_two=-inet 192.168.100.0/24 -interface 192.168.100.253 Other than racoon, that's what it took. So why did I have to fire up gif0? For a while with RELENG_4 the gif entries in /etc/rc.conf were not needed. I have never seen any hits on my gif rules in ipfw. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Employment Opportunity (NOT SPAM)
On Wed, Mar 19, 2003 at 09:33:32AM -, Chris Phillips wrote: I know that this is not on topic, but thought that somebody here may be interested. My company in Bristol, UK, is recruiting a Systems Administrator. On this list, this *is* spam. But not on [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. To Unsubscribe: send mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with unsubscribe freebsd-questions in the body of the message
Re: Need help on configuring a static internal IP address.
On Wed, Mar 26, 2003 at 05:18:40PM -0500, Edinho wrote: [...] I'm using FBSD4.8 stable, my belkin router uses 192.168.2.1, subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 and the gateway is also 192.168.2.1. Here's how my rc.conf looks like now: hostname=ecerejo.Belkin ifconfig_fxp0=inet 192.168.2.72 Change ifconfig_fxp0 and add defaultrouter: ifconfig_fxp0=inet 192.168.2.72/24 defaultrouter=192.168.2.1 Quickie without reboot, type this as root: ifconfig fxp0 netmask 255.255.255.0 route add default 192.168.2.1 FYI: /etc/resolv.conf was written by dhclient for you. Otherwise you would have to create it and list your upstream DNS serivce. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Need help on configuring a static internal IP address.
On Wed, Mar 26, 2003 at 05:54:12PM -0500, E. J. Cerejo wrote: what's the diference between ifconfig_fxp0=inet 192.168.2.72/24 and ifconfig_fxp0=inet 192.168.2.72 netmask 255.255.255.0? Its easier to type /24 than 255.255.255.0. The /24 says set first 24 bits of netmask. It doesn't work with ifconfig on older (~4.4) FreeBSD. Anyway, after typing ifconfig fxp0 192.168.2.72/24 you could follow with ifconfig fxp0 and see it reporting the netmask as 255.255.255.0. For fun you could type ifconfig fxp0 192.168.2.72/25 and your network will still function but the netmask would be 255.255.255.128. The netmask defines the address range which is directly accessible by the NIC. Everything else has to be routed. Hmm, 1.2.3.4 is outside of my attached nets so I'll send it to my default router for relay and hope it can find a way to deliver. A subtile thing people miss sometimes is that their router(s) have to be on a net within the netmasks of their NICs. netstat -rn should be interesting reading. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] = The human mind ordinarily operates at only ten percent of its capacity -- the rest is overhead for the operating system. ___ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: I quit
On Jan 9, 2005, at 6:17 PM, Scott Bennett wrote: On Sun, 9 Jan 2005 08:54:55 -0600 Andrew L. Gould [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Mac OSX is based upon FreeBSD and may have native versions of the Mac OSX was--and unless something has changed drastically in the last few weeks, still is--based upon NextStep, another proprietary UNIX that was based upon a Mach 2.4-2.5 kernel and 4.3BSD above that. Thats a Linux fallacy, that the kernel makes the OS. Apple's collection of command line utilities we commonly think of as the Unix interface come from FreeBSD. As for what I've seen of the Darwin kernel, in grand BSD tradition Apple freely picked from here and there, whatever they thought best, and made what can only be said to be their own. applications you need. I talked my 11 year old nephew through an operating system upgrade (clean installation) of his ibook over the phone -- including wireless networking with WEP. Unfortunately, Apple has not released a version for Intel processors, so it won't help someone with a pee cee instead of a Mac. Wrong, its called Darwin. If you think FreeBSD is raw then go play with Darwin for a bit. Darwin is used for both i386 and PowerPC. MacOS X is Darwin plus the fantastic Apple GUI and other neat Apple stuff. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: hdparm for FreeBSD?
On Jan 10, 2005, at 7:33 PM, Kirk Strauser wrote: On Monday 10 January 2005 05:04 pm, Lowell Gilbert wrote: You mean like atacontrol(8)? Or maybe you mean something more like tunefs(8)? Nope. atacontrol returns information about a drive's capabilities, but offers no way to change the settings that affect them. Example: # atacontrol cap 2 0 [...] write cacheyes yes read ahead yes yes dma queued no no 0/0x00 SMART yes yes microcode download yes yes security yes no power management yes yes advanced power management no no 0/0x00 automatic acoustic management yes no 254/0xFE 128/0x80 shows that read ahead is available and enabled, but I don't have a way to turn it off. tunefs only affects a filesystem's attributes but not the underlying hardware. man ata lists the sysctl for controlling write caching: hw.ata.wc set to 1 to enable Write Caching, 0 to disable (default is enabled). WARNING: can cause data loss on power failures. I don't know of any tool for setting the wc preference on a per-ata-drive basis for FreeBSD. Camcontrol allows setting the mode page on SCSI devices, which is where this task is performed in SCSI. IIRC there was some discussion of support for S.M.A.R.T. coming to FreeBSD, which seems like it would be the logical place for manufacturers to provide a control interface to their drive hardware. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Hyperthreading hurts 5.3?
On Jan 11, 2005, at 6:52 PM, Timothy J. Luoma wrote: summary: should I disable hypertheading in the BIOS when running 5.3? Background info: I have a new Dell Dimension 3000 running 5.3. I noticed some huge pauses when copying a large # of files across the network. Googling around found some information about earlier versions of 5.x and Hyperthreading being detrimenatl for performance. Whether or not it was the source of the network copy problem, I am trying to decide if I should disable Hyperthreading. IMO there are times where 5.3 doesn't schedule the CPU as fairly as one would like. Times I've suspected this were during aggressive file activity on a few large files. I have HT disabled due to earlier problems with the combination of SATA and vinum resulting in a trashed fs with a late version of 5.2.1. The benefits of HT are too few for me to risk trashing the fs now its full. If you can reproduce your situation then I suggest disabling HT and see what happens. That's the only way anybody would know if HT is part of the problem or part of the solution. Iif YES, I wasn't clear if people meant disable in BIOS or just some configuration setting in a *.conf file. In the BIOS. (disabling HT will apparently mean I have to reinstall XP on the other drive. What does XP have to do with it? IIRC on Dell its F2 during the power-on diagnostics to reach the built-in BIOS config. That is where HT is to be disabled. Works exactly that way on my PowerEdge 400SC 2.8G P4. The only question is whether the key is F2 to get there or not. Was F2 this afternoon on my ancient Dell Optiplex 450 MHz P2 when I had to boot a DOS floppy to remap some bad blocks. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Hyperthreading hurts 5.3?
On Jan 11, 2005, at 9:18 PM, Chuck Swiger wrote: David Kelly wrote: (disabling HT will apparently mean I have to reinstall XP on the other drive. What does XP have to do with it? IIRC on Dell its F2 during the power-on diagnostics to reach the built-in BIOS config. That is where HT is to be disabled. If you install and configure many flavors of Windows on a SMP system, that installation will not work if you move that image to a uni-proc system by swapping disks or otherwise removing CPU's (ie, by turning off HT'ing). I last saw this with a Win2K system, which immediately blue-screened with an invalid SMP HAL error very early in the boot. OK, that makes Microsoft-logic sense. Had it in my head that he was saying the need to reinstall XP on a HD was to have a utility to toggle the HT bit in BIOS. OTOH I've heard of others toggling the HT bit but don't remember anything about having to reinstall XP. Last I had a similar dealing was with NT4SP4, possibly with the upgrade to NT4SP6 when I somehow lost one of my 450 MHz CPU's. Found instructions on how to revive the 2nd CPU but left it alone as it was far better for the company server to be running on one CPU than the risk of damaging the install worse than it already was. Last time I had to reinstall NT4SP6 it took 3 days of patch, reboot, repeat, before the OS install was complete. Decided it was time for a clean wipe installation on my laptop when Panther was released. Believe it took 15 minutes. About the same for a text-only installation of FreeBSD on my Dell Optiplex. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad.
Re: Burning CDRs on DVD recorders
On Jan 26, 2005, at 3:38 PM, Andrew L. Gould wrote: I'm not sure about growisofs; but I've been told that burncd will work. cdrecord is another option. burncd(8) wrote a DVD+RW for me but would not write more than one byte to a DVD-R. Considering it wrote a DVD+RW I expect it will do CD-R's. Cdrecord doesn't seem accept the free key for burning DVD's, I've written asking for one which matches i386-unknown-freebsd5.3 rather than just i386-unknown-freebsd. I too have the atapicam device installed in the kernel: acd0: DVDR LITE-ON DVDRW SOHW-1633S/BS0K at ata1-master UDMA33 ... cd0: LITE-ON DVDRW SOHW-1633S BS0K Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device growisofs(1m) is happy with the above as /dev/cd0 when writing to a DVD-R. Odd that one only needs read-only access to the device to be able to write to it. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Freebsd vs. linux
On Feb 11, 2005, at 10:13 PM, Peterhin wrote: Linux is inferior to FreeBSD, and yet it is taken more seriously because of the atmosphere around it, despite its technical inferiority Could you please either explain, why Freebsd is superior to Linux, (I am asking this as I would like to understand, in more depth, why it is better) or direct me to a source that might give me some further reading on the subject. Look closely at the Linux community and you'll find its mostly ex-Windows users focused on what Microsoft is doing. The desire is to one-up Microsoft at Microsoft's own game. Their definition of computer and human interface was written by Microsoft and still can't think outside of that box. Look closely at the BSD community and you'll find those who are working at creating a better tool to serve their needs. Much debate about exactly what constitutes better so there is also quite a bit of experimenting. What you won't find is Microsoft as the yardstick by which BSD's measure. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Freebsd vs. linux
On Feb 14, 2005, at 3:48 AM, Ted Mittelstaedt wrote: The main difference between a desktop and a server is a server needs beefy disk I/O or beefy CPU power or both, while a desktop needs beefy video and can often make due with piss-poor disk I/O. No, the main difference between a server and a desktop is that many people are counting on the server to function without error while only one person is inconvenienced when the desktop fails. Servers get better hardware because its a cost savings for the server to be more reliable and the added performance helps more users. Servers should also have the most reliable software but that is where Microsoft cuts corners for additional profit and provide employment for MSCE's whom otherwise would not be needed. There is no reason a server should not have a GUI so long as it does not detract from the server's function. Use of a GUI to dumb-down the system doesn't work as Microsoft has shown. Apple is smart enough to pull it off, but all Microsoft has done is continue to guarantee employment for MSCE's who continue to exclusively recommend any and everything Microsoft who in turn continually ensures these champions stay employed. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: What is the status of gvinum in FreeBSD 5.3?
On Feb 17, 2005, at 3:57 PM, Bill Moran wrote: I was wondering about the status of gvinum in 5.3. I seem to remember that there were a lot of problems with gvinum in 5.3, but searching around, I can't seem to find anything that says for sure one way or the other. IIRC the problem is with classic vinum in 5.3, not gvinum. However gvinum is not claimed to be complete or finished. I created a vinum striped array of 2 drives in 5.2.1 which caused a fair bit of trouble (rarely remembered its configure on reboot). But when I switched to gvinum (forgot exactly when) the machine has been trouble free. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: What do you use to burn things ?
On Feb 20, 2005, at 3:54 AM, Gert Cuykens wrote: On Sun, 20 Feb 2005 10:41:59 +0100, Gert Cuykens [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: How do you burn a iso file for example ? What does this mean ? I# burncd -f /dev/acd0 -s max data /root/Desktop/memtest86-3.2.iso fixate next writeable LBA 581 writing from file /root/Desktop/memtest86-3.2.iso size 1794 KB only wrote -1 of 32768 bytes: Input/output error fixating CD, please wait.. burncd: ioctl(CDRIOCFIXATE): Input/output error Looks like the result I had when attempting to write a DVD-R with burncd. My drive is a: acd0: DVDR LITE-ON DVDRW SOHW-1633S/BS0K at ata1-master UDMA33 The media was ruined in the above attempt but growisofs worked. Tried writing to the author of cdrecord, followed his instructions to the letter because his published freeware key to enable DVD did not work. Suspect it didn't like the 5.3 part of FreeBSD. Never heard back. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: SSH terminal locking up from OS X to FreeBSD
On Tue, Feb 22, 2005 at 09:11:48PM +, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: It looks like an alergic reaction between OS X and FBSD, but I don't have a clue where to start looking to track this down. Any ideas on what this is or how to debug it would be appreciated. Later in the thread Jim stated he had no control over the version of the FreeBSD machine. Am guessing he might not have root there. Am guessing he doesn't know what customizations may have been performed on it. I have seen similar problems where one end may have been FreeBSD. Suggest from the MacOS end to try forcing SSH protocol 1 with ssh -1 [EMAIL PROTECTED] If that doesn't work try forcing version 2 with -2. Also might try moving ~/.ssh/ out of the way on the Mac to see what happens if one starts afresh. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: extract iso image
On Feb 22, 2005, at 7:14 PM, T.F. Cheng wrote: hi, I am not sure if I am doing the right thing. I want to extract an downloaded isoimage by first mounting it. I tried: mount -t iso9660 -o loop image.iso /mnt but turns out I don't have mount_iso9660 under /sbin, only mount_cd9660. Is there any other way to do this? I am running freebsd5.3/i386. Thanks! Is my best guess you have been reading Linux docs to have tried a loop option to mount in FreeBSD. Isn't done that way here. What you have to do is create a memory disk which is backed by a file. Maybe someone else knows how to do it as non-root: % su Password: # mdconfig -a -t vnode -o readonly -f dvd_image.iso md0 # mount -t cd9660 /dev/md0 /mnt # ls -CF /mnt audio_ts/ jacket_p/ video_ts/ # umount /mnt # mdconfig -d -u md0 # mdconfig -l # What happens is that mdconfig creates the md0 device which contains the contents of the specified file. Once the file is turned into a device it can be handled same as any other device. Be sure to deallocate the device after you are finished as Unix doesn't release a file's space allocation until the last process closes it. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Transfering from SCSI to IDE ?
On Thu, Feb 24, 2005 at 09:50:40PM +0100, J65nko BSD wrote: Maybe you should forget about the Ghost shortcut, and not ignore 30 years of Unix backup history ;) I agree that Ghost is the wrong tool. IIRC there is a *BSD or Linux Ghost-workalike standalone bootable CDROM. Still don't believe I'd use that myself when everything needed is already under my fingertips. Use dump to make a backup of your SCSI disk. Do a minimal FBSD install on your IDE disk, using a similar partition and disklabel scheme as the FBSD install on the SCSI disk. Now use restore to transfer the backups to the IDE disk. Is easier to use dump piped into restore. Write directly to the target in the final form. Please note that dump and restore work on complete filesystems. Only dump works on the entire fs. Restore writes files. You can selectively restore. Can also restore to larger or smaller filesystems, directories, new or old. While there is great value in having an exact image of a working system for quick restore, there is also great value in documenting one's configuration then clean house periodically to build a clean system and prove one's documentation. I like to keep a list of important and customized files such as /etc/hosts, then use this list as an argument to tar for selective backups. ls -1d /var/db/pkg provides a list of installed ports. Then if/when time comes to build a new machine the tar archive and list of installed ports is 99.9% of the sweat. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: cdrom image to cdr
On Fri, Feb 25, 2005 at 11:02:14AM -0600, Josh Paetzel wrote: On Friday 25 February 2005 10:13, dick hoogendijk wrote: What is the easiest way to copy a complete cdrom with freebsd-4.11? Normally I use burncd to burn an iso file to a new cdr, but I never copied a complete cdrom to cdr under freebsd. My windows machines are down and I need the copy soon. So please forgive me if I'm ignorant. Hope the answer is easy ;-) This is covered in the handbook, but the basic idea is that you mount the CD, use mkisofs to create an iso of it and then burn the iso with burncd. http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/creating-cds.html No, the basic idea mentioned at the above URL is to recover the .iso file using dd. This usually works. Doesn't work for multisession discs. I've found some drives report EOM while reading the last block while others wait until an attempt to read past the last block. Result is that dd may read some one block short. May be good enough for everything but verify after write. /usr/ports/sysutils/cdrdao/ can handle arbitrary disc duplication, altho I haven't tried it in quite a while. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Detected Ethernet Cards Fail To Configure At Boot
On Fri, Mar 04, 2005 at 05:31:42PM -0500, Damien Tougas wrote: [...] but their configuration fails. I don't get any error messages, its almost as if they don't exist. One of the interfaces is configured to have DHCPD running on it, but DHCPD fails saying xl2: not found. [...] To fix the problem, all I have to do is bring the machine down to single user mode, then back up to multi-user mode and everything gets configured properly. No *that* is strange. Otherwise I'd suggest double and triple checking that one hasn't specified x one two rather than the correct x elle two. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Tranferring crontab files from user to user
On Mon, Mar 07, 2005 at 01:17:14PM +, ikenna ononogbu wrote: I recently resumed work in a firm and the crontab jobs (using UNIX D2) are in the user name of my predecessor. The files have now been transferred to a general directory (everyone has access to). How do I now transfer the crontab executable files into my own directory? Uh, you mean the individual user's text crontab config file? To install it as your own just type crontab that-saved-config-file To see that its installed, crontab -l To change it, crontab -e See also crontab(1) If you mean particular executable files called by items in the crontab then I suggest using cp -p to copy while maintaining timestamp to where ever you desire. Then edit your crontab to ensure it points at those utilities/scripts. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Size of FreeBSD
On Tue, Mar 08, 2005 at 03:42:29PM -0500, Jerry McAllister wrote: Back in the days of ~4.5 I was able to install a stripped down version in about 76MB. I think the last time I tried sometime around 5.0 to do this it was up to about 90MB That's a really stripped down installation though. I once stripped down 4.7 to under 10 MB then another 10 MB of Apache extensions, and another 10 MB of Perl. My stripping technique was not to remove that which was unneeded but to add only that which was needed, drawn from a chroot'ed custom build which dynamically linked items such as /bin/sh which are normally statically linked so that they work when /usr/lib isn't available. Wasn't an issue for this application as everything went on as single read-only filesystem on a Compact Flash card. Used my list of binaries to extract a list of libraries referenced, then only copied those libraries to my target. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Recommend a Printer for FreeBSD
On Mar 10, 2005, at 4:00 AM, Ted Mittelstaedt wrote: The things are workhorses and last forever, they only need an input roller replacement at 10,000 copies or so, which costs about $100 for a decent printer repair shop, and very few on the used market ever went this high on the page count. Am thinking we dropped a couple of orders of magnitude. 10k copies should be two toner cartridges. And while I agree there are probably a lot on the market with less than 10k pages I can hardly ever remember using a printer at work with less than 100k. 300k was common. I do agree, a printer with ethernet and built-in Postscript will result in the best output and easiest support. Current employer has a Canon imageRunner 330 all in one fax, copier printer, beast. Only speaks PCL5e because they are a Windows shop and don't understand the notion of accurate output. Tell it to print duplex from Windows XP with a 0.500 gutter margin to punch holes in and it will dutifully put the margin on the left on both sides. Prints the backside shifted into the holes. Am exploring CUPS on the FreeBSD machine I brought from home. Looking to use it as a Postscript RIP to see if I can get better copy out of the Canon. Its not important enough to spend more than a few spare moments here and there as I am NOT I.T. -- David Kelly N4HHE, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Whom computers would destroy, they must first drive mad. ___ freebsd-questions@freebsd.org mailing list http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions To unsubscribe, send any mail to [EMAIL PROTECTED]
