RE: [geo] Geoengineering and solar radiation management

Hi All Can anyone tell me about how to get beyond the library label? I am very impressed at the ability of the International Atomic Energy Agency to write papers on non-atomic subjects without consulting people working in the field. Stephen From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of ay

RE: [geo] Microphysical, macrophysical, and radiative responses of subtropical marine clouds to aerosol injections

Hi All This paper is heavy going for engineers outside the climate physics community but if, my understanding is correct, the conclusions for marine cloud brightening are encouraging. I would like to point out to the climate physics community that hydrofoil vessels have very low wave-making dr

RE: [geo] Fwd: Dust as a solar shield

Hi All We might also need technology to remove lunar dust during some future ice age. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW Scotland 0131 650 5704 or 0131 662 1180 YouTube Jamie Taylor Power for Change From

RE: [geo] climate emulator workshop

Hi all The closing date for abstracts of 10 February will need reliable time travel. This would also be would be extremely useful for any zero carbon policy. Stephen From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Andrew Lockley Sent: 25 February 2023 15:21 To: geoengineering Subject:

RE: [geo] An Optical Flow Approach to Tracking Ship Track Behavior Using GOES-R Satellite Imagery

Hi All A recent estimate of the climate problem is that a reduction of the solar input by 1.7 watts per square metre would give tolerable temperature conditions. This is 0.5% of the mean global 24 hour solar input. If marine cloud brightening was used for only 10% of the global surface an increa

[geo] a thin end?

Hi All https://www.cnbc.com/2023/02/27/speculative-tech-to-reflect-sun-away-from-earth-needs-focus-un.html Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW Scotland 0131 650 5704 or 0131 662 1180 YouTube Jamie Taylor Powe

RE: [geo] SATAN

Hi All You could delay balloons bursting by fitting a pressure relief valve to vent gas when the outside pressure fell below some chosen value. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW Scotland 0131 650 5704 or

RE: [geo] SATAN

Andrew What about an upside down parachute deployed at the right time? Stephen From: Andrew Lockley Sent: 02 March 2023 09:50 To: Stephen Salter Cc: geoengineering Subject: Re: [geo] SATAN This email was sent to you by someone outside the University. You should only click on links or

RE: [geo] SATAN

Hi All I ask as an ignorant non-legal person, please could one of the many expert ethicists and political decision makers help me understand the difference between the release of very small quantities of medicinally benign material aimed at helping all species intended to advance knowledge which

[geo] IPCC March 2023

Hi All While reducing atmospheric CO2 concentrations to net zero is desirable it is completely inadequate without effective time travel. The oceans now contain 40 times more CO2 than the atmosphere and this will come back out if atmospheric concentrations fall. Releasing CO2 is like turning up

RE: [geo] Opinion: The scientific and community-building roles of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) – past, present, and future

to regional needs at that time. Stephen Salter Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW Scotland 0131 662 1180 YouTube Jamie Taylor Power for Change From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Geoengineering

RE: [geo] Detection of large-scale cloud microphysical changes and evidence for decreasing cloud brightness within a major shipping corridor after implementation of the International Maritime Organiza

Hi All What a useful paper! I am a bit surprised that the instantaneous change is only 1 watt per square metre. The 20 bar grey scale at the bottom of the image below shows that we need at least three bars, 15% change, to detect the direction of a contrast gradient. Ship track images often sho

[geo] Overshoot

Hi All The Nature paper by Richard Lovett at https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-01725-3?WT.ec_id=NATURE-202306&sap-outbound-id=DD2C61054D98C5BDD2C13072933E43E6D8C8E8F2 will annoy advocates for stratospheric sulphur more than those for marine cloud brightening. It is a surprise to see this

[geo] RE: Clouds in the Arctic only provide cooling during a short period during the summer

re humid, making each cloud droplet bigger. So, it seems that to cool the Arctic the oceans need to be cooled. Have I got that right? Clive From: noac-meeti...@googlegroups.com<mailto:noac-meeti...@googlegroups.com> mailto:noac-meeti...@googlegroups.com>> On Behalf Of Stephen Salter

[geo] Barrier reef

Hi All www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02290-3 Stephen The University of Edinburgh is a charitable body, registered in Scotland, with registration number SC005336. Is e buidheann carthannais a th' ann an Oilthigh Dh?n ?ideann, cl?raichte an

[geo] Phase question CESM2 ARISE-SAI-1.5 simulations

whether it is above or below the natural ‘resonant’ frequency. But if the cooling treatment depended on the rate of change of temperature then it would behave like a damping. Very small amounts of damping can kill resonance. Sadly many people do not understand phase. Stephen Salter Ocean

RE: [geo] “Cooling credits” are not a viable climate solution

countries. Cooling would begin at the end of a hurricane season and the trajectory of temperature change observed to the following year. Stephen Stephen Salter Ocean Cooling Technology Ltd. 27 Blackford Road Edinburgh EH9 2DT Scotland. From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of

RE: [geo] SRM would likely prevent the only major atmospheric tipping point

Hi All The ‘some critical threshold’ for the failure of marine cloud brightening was a CO2 concentration four times pre-industrial values. Stephen From: geoengineering@googlegroups.com On Behalf Of Geoengineering News Sent: 16 July 2023 12:47 To: geoengineering@googlegroups.com Subject: [geo]

[geo] RE: Request for Feedback: Open Letter Supporting Research on Three Responses to Warming Impact of Bunker Fuel Regulations

7;Ron Baiman' ; 'healthy-planet-action-coalition' ; ''Eelco Rohling' via NOAC Meetings' ; 'Planetary Restoration' ; 'Healthy Climate Alliance' ; 'geoengineering' Cc: Stephen Salter Subject: RE: Request for Feedback: Open Letter Su

[geo] RE: [prag] RE: Request for Feedback: Open Letter Supporting Research on Three Responses to Warming Impact of Bunker Fuel Regulations

atmospheric physics community. Stephen From: 'John Macdonald' via Planetary Restoration Sent: 18 August 2023 12:22 To: Stephen Salter Cc: Chris Vivian ; Ron Baiman ; 'Eelco Rohling' via NOAC Meetings ; Planetary Restoration ; Healthy Climate Alliance ; geoengineering ; Ste

[geo] RE: [prag] RE: Request for Feedback: Open Letter Supporting Research on Three Responses to Warming Impact of Bunker Fuel Regulations

technique using energy from sea waves which required demisting. The design used a random packed bed of 10 mm diameter 10mm long stainless thin-wall stainless steel tubes but I was trying to stop all the salt. Stephen From: John Macdonald Sent: 18 August 2023 13:25 To: Stephen Salter Cc: Stephen Salter

RE: [geo] Estimating the portion of Marine Cloud Brightening sea-salt aerosols that activate when incorporated into low-lying marine clouds: preliminary results

Hi anyone This looks extremely important. Please help me download the paper. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3DW Scotland 0131 662 1180 YouTube Jamie Taylor Power for Change From: geoengineering@googlegrou

[geo] Biochar workshop

Hi All Edinburgh University has a Biochar Research Centre. They are running a free workshop in Edinburgh on 1 April 2009. Details and registration can be downloaded from http://www.geos.ed.ac.uk/sccs/biochar/News.html Stephen -- Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineerin

[geo] Re: A self-fulfilling prophecy - George Monbiot in denial

John and George Albedo control should cost much less than $1bn a year. We think that in production the vessels (300 tons displacement and 150kW power rating) will be about $2m each, and that 50 a year would 'hold the fort'. A fleet of 1000 to 1500 vessels will offset double preindustrial C

[geo] Re: greenfinger projects

Hi All Alan Robock rejects hydrogen for balloons because of the Hindenberg. The Hindenburg survival rate was 64%, much better than crashes of modern conventional aircraft. Most deaths were caused by jumping not burning. People who stayed aboard until the wreck reached the ground were unharm

[geo] Re: H2 disposal

Alvia Its only bad moving parts that are bad while good ones, properly designed and tested, can be very good indeed. Would you abandon railroads for wheel barrows because the lower wheel numbers? Would you rather your dentist used a hand file than a high speed drill? Stephen Alvia Gaski

[geo] Re: "Another nail in the coffin" of OIF

Ken Will Jonathan be able to give a figure for grams transferred per square metre year? As far as the New Scientist report goes I would have thought that carbon in copepods or in whatever eats whatever eats whatever eats copepods was just as safely removed as it was in the original phytoplan

[geo] Re: the limits of geoengineering?

> Siberian permafrost region alone contains 500 billion tonnes of > carbon. So, we would need to achieve much more cooling there to avoid > further melting. In other words, it's going to be hard to come up with > exact amounts of water vapor or aerosols that needed to be released t

[geo] Re: ETC Group to White House: Yes, you can -- but don't

to identify every possible negative effect of what we are trying to do and understand that you do not have a monopoly on caring about the environment. We may even find that we are on the same side. Stephen Salter Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering and Electronics

[geo] Re: Global Cooling

John But what happens when the next, and overdue, ice age approaches and we are franticly trying to dig up all the carbon but have forgotten where we stowed it? Stephen -- Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering and Electronics University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edi

[geo] A problem shared

Hi All The UK now has TWO Government Departments involved with climate change. This should double the inactivity. Stephen * Business Lord Mandelson has set up rival 'energy and climate change unit' Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulator

[geo] Re: Implication of Arctic CO2 levels - a race against time for geoengineering?

Hi All If you go to http://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/data/in_situ_co2/monthly_mlo.csvyou can get the March 2009 figure for CO2 at Mauna Loa. This is provisional and they may tweek it a bit after checking all the calibrations but for now it is 386.44 ppm. Their figure for March 2008 was 384

[geo] Re: Balancing the pros and cons of geoengineering

Hi All A comment about John's item G2 'that we make such a hash of everything in the past that we are bound to make a hash of geo-engineering'. Everyone likes to believe this but the reality is that we magnify the hashes and ignore the many successes. I was certainly very bad to introduce ra

[geo] Re: Balancing the pros and cons of geoengineering

. Stephen Salter jim thomas wrote: > Bill > I don't see how you can consider SRM reversible. The modelling I've > seen (eg paper by Matthews and Caldeira) suggests that halting aerosol > injections will lead not just to a rapid jump in temperature but > indeed a jump to a

[geo] NOAA release

Hi All There is a useful NOAA release at http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2009/20090421_carbon.html They give the Mauna Loa graph extended by ices cores and plotted together with fuel burn, GDP (now $60 trillion) and population. It was sensible of them to use a log scale. Methane is up

[geo] Re: Balancing the pros and cons of geoengineering

Andrew There is a list of packages at http://atol.ucsd.edu/scatlib/scatterlib.htm You can download a wonderful free computing package for liquid drops written by Philip Laven from http://www.philiplaven.com/mieplot.htm See also: http://www.philiplaven.com/index1.html http://www.philipl

[geo] Re: Flooding below sea-level: Siphonics Natural Engineering (c)

Hi All The most immediately expensive effect of global warming (at least to rich people) is rising sea levels so the Buttram proposal for moving sea water to sub-sea deserts would help. However if you check the depth of the water table in the centre of the Sahara, look at the likely porosit

[geo] Re: WSJ - Op-Ed on Global Warming Skepticism

Hi All Sunspots can affect weather thermally and perhaps via some form of radiation affect cloud condensation. Weather changes would certainly affect food production. World food production is likely to influence levels of optimism, market sentiment, financial confidence etc. and so the incide

[geo] Re: Hurricane Insurance

Stuart There should have been a preprint of a paper to the European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference attached to my reply to Alvia but if it got lost I will send you another. The CO2 transfers to and from the oceans are far larger than present anthropogenic ones. The phytoplankton grow at a m

[geo] Re: Hurricane Insurance

We do not often get the chance to use material with a negative cost but this may be one of them. Figure 2 shows that the two top rings are made by lashing used tyres. We have to pay for the rope but people pay us to take the tyres away. The sitehttp://press.wrap.org.uk/article/18502/ q

[geo] Make mud not war

Hi All But if you check outhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Popeye you will see that from 1967 to 1972 the USAF flew 2600 missions to extend the duration of the monsoon over the Ho Chi Minh trail. During a short attachment to the USAF I formed the impression that their technical

[geo] Re: Pros and Cons of SRM geoengineering more widely

John The Met. Office statement at http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/corporate/pressoffice/2009/pr20090604.html did not mention that the Jones Haywood Boucher results were based on treating just 3.3 % of the earth's surface. One of the the areas treated in the South Pacific off Chile and Peru. I

Re: Fw: [geo] Re: Pros and Cons of SRM geoengineering more widely

> Best > Peter > - Original Message - From: "Stephen Salter" > To: > Cc: "Geoengineering" ; "Michael Box" > ; "Jeff Ridley" ; > "Alan Gadain" > Sent: Wednesday, July 22, 2009 9:23 PM > Subject: [geo] Re: Pros and Cons of

[geo] Re: Cap and trade considered harmful

John Count me in. The guys trying to defraud the carbon trading schemes are so much brighter than the ones setting the rules that there is no chance of ever saving carbon, just making billions for the traders. Slightly counter to one of your recent emails, the design of the most critical part

[geo] Yet another positive feedback

Hi All Science July 24 from http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/325/5939/460.pdf has a something about a positive feedback between sea temperature and cloud cover. I had thought that warmer seas would increase evaporation and so cloud cover but drying them out seems to win. Sigh.

[geo] Re: [clim] Yet another positive feedback - ja

.g.) the equilibrium global-mean warming > >> for 2xCO2 (DT2x). > >> > >> The breakdown of the feedbacks is not directly relevant to > >> this -- although it is of interest in model validation. > >> > >> This paper tells us nothing about DT2x or it

[geo] Single cloud and remote ships

Alvia I share you concern about Lomberg and premature cost estimates. However I must disagree about 'not a single cloud'. There are lots of examples of cloud albedo being increased by the extra condensation nuclei from ship exhaust and the Discovery Channel experiment produced a cloud from s

[geo] Re: Single cloud and remote ships

Electronics University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3JL Scotland tel +44 131 650 5704 fax +44 131 650 5702 Mobile 07795 203 195 s.sal...@ed.ac.uk http://www.see.ed.ac.uk/~shs Mike MacCracken wrote: > On 8/8/09 6:48 AM, "Stephen Salter" wrote: > > >> If we do

[geo] Re: whatever you think of orbiting solar...

Hi All What you need is a material which is reflective on hot days but black on hot nights and then changes to the opposite on cold days and nights as a result of a small change of voltage. This ought to be easy for the liquid crystal guys. But if they cannot do it we could look at pumping

[geo] Re: analysis of analysis

Hi All Jones, Haywood and Boucher 2009 studied the effects of quite a large and continuous increase in the concentration of condensation nuclei over a very small fraction of the earth’s surface, only 3.3%, and found that it produced a cooling of 0.97 watts/m2, about 60% of the total thermal c

[geo] Re: Ecologists weigh in

Hi All Peter Read asked me for a link to the paper on hurricanes, fish , waves and carbon. It will be presented at the European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference (aka EWTEC) in Uppsala on 10 September. I expect that the conference people would prefer to defer any media comment until then. It i

[geo] Adaptation costs report

Hi All Martin Parry's group at the Grantham Institute of Imperial College has come up with new and higher figures for the costs of adapting to climate change. You can down load the full report as a PDF from http://www.iied.org/pubs/display.php?o=11501IIED Stephen -- Emeritus Professor of E

[geo] Re: [clim] Re: Fwd: geoengineering and hydrological cycle

reason the air above the > water isn't 100% saturated is because the wind moves it around, > allowing it to dry out. > > - Original Message - From: "Stephen Salter" > To: > Cc: > Sent: Sunday, August 30, 2009 11:41 AM > Subject: [clim] Re: Fwd: geoe

[geo] Re: Bubble Trouble

Andrew When I was working on a project to recover methane from sea bed hydrates I was advised that their energy content was between 300 and 3000 times that of oil and conventional gas fields. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering and Electronics University o

[geo] Re: Bubble Trouble

lso counts, as does fresh-frozen organic matter > that's yet to turn to methane. > > A > > 2009/9/3 Stephen Salter mailto:s.sal...@ed.ac.uk>> > > Andrew > > When I was working on a project to recover methane from sea bed > hydrates I was advi

[geo] Depressing news

Hi All Check out http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2009/sep/15/europe-us-copenhagen and sigh. Stephen -- Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering and Electronics University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3JL Scotland tel +44 131 650 5704 fax +44 131 650 57

[geo] Re: Colloquium report: hazards from global warming

Dear Albert Swell from a distant source comes with long wave crests, many times the wave length. But if swell passes an island the fronts are refracted around it and the two sets of wave fronts cross each other on the down-wave side. This crossing can be observed in any lagoon with two entra

[geo] Re: Ice911

Alvia We should not knock each other's new ideas too early but if I multiply the area of the earth by 3.7 watt/m2 I get 1884 TW . At $2 bn/TW the ICE 911 scheme does look a bit expensive. Are you quoting the figures correctly? Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engin

[geo] Re: Grass root answer to Ken's question

treet, Stanford, CA 94305 USA > > kcalde...@ciw.edu <mailto:kcalde...@ciw.edu>; kcalde...@stanford.edu > <mailto:kcalde...@stanford.edu> > http://dge.stanford.edu/DGE/CIWDGE/labs/caldeiralab > +1 650 704 7212; fax: +1 650 462 5968 > > > > On Sun, Sep 27, 2009 at

[geo] Re: Grass root answer to Ken's question

present very large and very > small results in scientific notation. Because superscripted exponents > like > 10^7 cannot always be conveniently represented on computers, > typewriters and > calculators, an alternative format is often used: the letter E or e > represents times ten

[geo] New Journal

Hi All Given the recent row about Cambridge University Press using black and white printing for colour contours of climate maps I though that everyone might like to know about a new Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies from Oxford University Press. For detailshttp://www.ijlct.oxfordjournals

[geo] Re: UK Meteorological Office's Forecasts of the Regional Responses for +4C Global Warming

Hi All It looks like a funny sort of average if there are such small areas with 4 C or below and such large ones with 5 C or above. What happened to the Antarctic? It does seem that Scotland is the place to be but most intelligent people knew that already. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engi

[geo] Re: Arguments against geoengineering

Oliver You write that cloud brightening can change ocean currents. I have to accept that this is possible. Steering wheels certainly can change the direction of movement of vehicles. Should steering wheels be removed from all vehicles? Perhaps if we can find out how to steer currents in usef

[geo] Methane story

Hi All There is a story about excess methane and the interaction between methane and sulphates at http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/science/earth-environment/article6895907.ece The source is Drew Shindell http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/326/5953/716.pdf He argues that the ratio

[geo] Guardian climate stories

Hi All The Guardian has two stories today about climate control at http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2009/nov/04/controlling-the-weather-china and http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2009/nov/04/extreme-climate-change-solutions Stephen -- Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design Schoo

Re: [geo] The Nexus of Cows and Roofs

Alvia Thank you for your useful presentation. A lot of work in 24 hours! I was sad to see from slide 44 that white roofs can manage only 0.044 watts per square metre. I think that you are being a bit mean about the costs of cloud albedo control. A spray vessel will have a displacement of 300

[geo] Less ice now than in 2007

The University of Edinburgh is a charitable body, registered in Scotland, with registration number SC005336. -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "geoengineering" group. To post to this group, send email to geoengineer...@googlegroups.com. To unsubscribe f

[geo] Practical hardware for stratospherics

Peter Thank you for your cockle-warming words. Work on the mechanical design of most difficult inside bits of the spray vessels has reached a point where little more can be done without some money for test rigs. I can give you part numbers for bearings, seals, and tell you the temperature of t

[geo] Royal Society of where?

Hi All There exists in Scotland a Royal Society of Edinburgh which has similar aims and organization as another society with a similar name in London. It has decided to call for submissions on climate change. Details are as follows: *RSE Inquiry into Facing up to Climate Change *The Royal Soc

Re: [geo] Summary of Discussions on CDM: November 2009

Hi All You could include the Australian grass roots carbon removal idea from Lovell and Ward. There is an updated version of their presentation called /Grazing management 2 in the /ZHamburgh folder at the site below my signature. Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engi

[geo] Hamburg not Hamburgh

Sorry for the stupid spelling. You can all guess why! Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering and Electronics University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3JL Scotland tel +44 131 650 5704 fax +44 131 650 5702 Mobile 07795 203 195 s.sal...@ed.ac.uk http://ww

[geo] Stern revision

Hi All Nick Stern has increased his cost estimate for stopping global warming to maybe 5% of GDP see http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/environment/article6939942.ece There is a story about the possible size of the carbon trading market ( $3000 billion by 2020) at http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0

[geo] Guardian climate predictor

Hi All At http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/interactive/2009/dec/14/climate-simulator there is an online applet from the Guardian which gives you sliders to control the peak year of CO2 and the subsequent rate of decline and see the resulting global temperatures to the end of the century.

Re: [geo] Re: Saving the Tibetan Glaciers - with biochar help

Hi All Why not spread the stuff when it is raining and then plough it in? Stephen Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering and Electronics University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3JL Scotland tel +44 131 650 5704 fax +44 131 650 5702 Mobile 07795 203 195 s.sal.

Re: [geo] Nathan Myhrvold argues for geoengineering

Hi All The oceans are a big thermal store so the scheme would give us time for a quiet think. However we can bring nutrients up to the photic layers and grow more phytoplankton giving more dimethyl sulphide for cloud nuclei and converting lots of CO2 to non acidic biomass, some of which we can

Re: [geo] Steorn device replicated

Hi All We should always encourage replication and rigorous testing of new scientific claims, especially those which would overturn all our present preconceived ideas. The demonstration of the Steorn free energy motor by JLN labs would be more convincing to boringly pedantic classical physicist

Re: [geo] Nathan Myhrvold argues for geoengineering

e carbon is also greater at depth. Also-- > Phil seemed to think he would keep the tubes equidistant from each > other with a huge network of underwater cables... which seemed > logistically (as well as aesthetically) problematic. > > Curious as to your thou

[geo] Climate roundup

Hi All Today the Guardian has a Climate Science Roundup at http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2009/dec/29/climate-science-2009 Stephen -- Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering and Electronics University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3JL Scotland tel +44

[geo] Sea level row

Hi All The Times has a story at http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/environment/article6982299.ece about a bust up over sea level rise between Stefan Rahmstorf, Professor of Ocean Physics at Potsdam v the UK met office and the Proudman labs. Stephen -- Emeritus Professor of Engineering

Re: [geo] SRM Geoengineering, Stratospheric Aerosols and Marine Cloud Brightening

Andrew I think that you may be mistaken about the vulnerability of spray vessels. They will be widely dispersed in remote parts of the ocean. It will be slow and expensive to knock out large numbers of them. Their loss will take some time to hurt. Attacking ships will be visible on radar fo

Re: [geo] SRM geoengineering: how to deal with the losers?

Peter It may be possible to use one run of a climate model to get an everywhere-to-everywhere transfer function for the effects of cloud albedo spray. If several different models can agree then we should be able to get the probability that a climate event has been caused by the intervention

[geo] Methane increase

Hi All The Independent has a story about recent increases of methane at http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change/methane-levels-may-see-runaway-rise-scientists-warn-1906484.html The new figures will be revealed this morning (21 February) at a major two-day conference on greenhou

[geo] Re: Science News geoengineering story

file below my signature. The difference is very important and your article could affect decisions on research funding. May I ask you to look into the matter? Stephen Salter / / Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design School of Engineering and Electronics University of Edinburgh Mayfield Road

Re: [geo] Re: SEA ICE LOSS STUNS SCIENTISTS - open letter to John Holdren

Hi All Did Glyn miss Boucher and Folberth, Atmospheric Environment 44 (2010) 3343–3345 which Ken circulated earlier this week? Is the track record of prediction accuracy of climate scientists high enough for us to bet the planet on them always being correct? The best ones that I know are n

Re: [geo] Fleming in Slate magazine (also others articles)

already carrying out an dangerous planetary test which we do not understand. Lowell says that we started it thousands of years ago. Stephen Salter Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design Institute for Energy Systems School of Engineering Mayfield Road University of Edinburgh EH9 3JL Scotland

Re: [geo] Fleming in Slate magazine (also others articles)

: Stephen Salter wrote: /Ken has pointed out that we are already carrying out an dangerous planetary test which we do not understand. Lowell says that we started it thousands of years ago./ I believe the proper attribution for these ideas are not Caldeira and Wood but a combination of Glbert

Re: [geo] Re: Can solar radiation management be tested?

Hi All Alan says that climate signals will be drowned out by chaotic climate variations. Both the papers that I pointed to in my email of 24 September were about picking up small signals from large, random variations. The second paper suggests that a 20 year run of the pseudo-random stimu

Re: [geo] Re: Can solar radiation management be tested?

experimentation and testing on them, as we build up to sufficient deployment by summer 2013? John --- Stephen Salter wrote: Hi All Alan says that climate signals will be drowned out by chaotic climate variations. Both the papers that I pointed to in my email of 24 September were about picking

Re: IPCC on geo-engineering Re: [geo] geo eng and new Friends of the Earth EWNI report urges very deep and rapid emission cuts

Hi all Several of us have fingers in more than one pie and it must be a good to harmonise the full set of tools. As well as clouds and wave-driven down welling I want to push the Australian Grass Roots idea (see http://www.soilcarbon.com.au/ and http://soilcarboncoalition.org/) because

Re: [geo] Wind and wave energies are not renewable after all

Andrew Most of the energy in waves is at present dissipated as heat in water and sand at the beach. Data on the North Atlantic wave climate combined with the flow of the North Atlantic Drift suggest an increase in temperature on the beach by about 1/50 of a degree Celsius. If we built very

Re: [geo] Can SRM save our Bacon?

Andrew Several computer models show that tropospheric cloud brightening can offset at least 4 or maybe 6 watts per square metre . The log term means that it gets progressively harder but not impossible to increase the offset. We get the choice about where to spray so we have control of ini

Re: [geo] Re: for Geoe E group Bright Water the movie

Hi All Michael Hayes asks about how bubbles could be deployed. One possibility would be for a pair of wind-driven vessels to sail side by side at, say, a kilometre separation, attached to each other by a buoyant, streamlined tether. The chord of the tether would be about 100 mm. In plan it

Re: [geo] Re: for Geoe E group Bright Water the movie

ther that's worth doing depends of course on the lifetime. No use dropping them ten metres down if they don't last long enough to mix or rise. A On 27 April 2011 13:05, Stephen Salter wrote: Hi All Michael Hayes asks abo

[geo] Re: Fwd: Re: 1. Using Lair to plug methane vents, 2. Using LN2 to fight tundra wildfires, 3. Capturing methane during Lair/LN2 liquefaction

lying around about the methane! I'm also copying this to Stephen Salter, in case he's interested in contributing to the debate. I am continually surprised by his breadth of interest and knowledge. I will certainly want you both on the brainstorming team for the "methane bus

Re: [geo] Re: Fwd: Re: 1. Using Lair to plug methane vents, 2. Using LN2 to fight tundra wildfires, 3. Capturing methane during Lair/LN2 liquefaction

Michael I agree that small drops of dimethyl sulphide make excellent cloud condensation nuclei because I have complete trust in the work of James Lovelock who suggested it. However I am trying to avoid the need for any replenishment of consumables in mid-ocean. I would not be nearly as goo

Re: [geo] Can SRM save our bacon? An honest answer shows why more/new SRM options are needed

Mark You raise a number of objections to marine cloud brightening which I will deal with in order. Nature does not like uneven mixtures and uses turbulence to make things more homogenious. The bottom of the marine boundary layer is quite turbulent. You can do you own experiments with cof

[geo] Re: Robert Meyers (ed.) Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology (Springer, 2011) | Invitation to Contribute

gues, many of whom may not have spotted your clause or fully realized its implications, not to submit work to publishers who insist on unlimited indemnity. Stephen Salter Emeritus Professor of Engineering Design Institute for Energy Systems School of Engineering Mayfield Road University of

Re: [geo] Repost of "Can SRM save our bacon?"

Mark You are repeating your objections to marine cloud brightening but I cannot add anything to the answers I made to them on 13 May other than to say that the technique does not depend on homogeneous cloud fields. It would be fine to spray into air masses under clear skies which we think

Re: [geo] Mineral Rain vs Biological Rain

Bhaskar Read about the CLAW hypothesis at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLAW_hypothesis. Phytoplankton make stuff called dimethyl sulphide which is great for making cloud condensation nuclei. If you pollute the oceans enough you reduce phytoplankton . . . . . Stephen Emeritus Profes

Re: [geo] Re: Response to Cloud Brightening Comments by Mark M.: "Can SRM save our bacon?"

ed (turbines provide temporary forward thrust until planing can be maintained)? Thanks for the additional information- Mark On May 22, 10:05 am, Stephen Salter wrote: Hi All Mark Massmann has suggested that drag of turbines will prevent proper operation of spray vessels to implement John

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