Re: [gentoo-user] /boot filesystem, SSDs, TRIM

[Tom H]

On Thu, Aug 23, 2018 at 2:54 PM Dale  wrote:


> Correct me if I'm wrong here, it used to be that grub, the original
> version not the current bloated one, had to have ext2.

The upstream version. Various distributions added ext4 support to
grub1 (circa 2009, IIRC). None of the patches were upstreamed because
grub1 development was closed.


> If I recall correctly, a ext4 file system can be *read* the same as
> ext2. The difference is the journal.

That's true for ext3. For ext4, you have to ensure that some
ext4-specific features are off for it to be read as if it were ext2.

Re: [gentoo-user] /boot filesystem, SSDs, TRIM

[Tom H]

On Thu, Aug 23, 2018 at 9:20 AM Canek Peláez Valdés  wrote:
> On Wed, Aug 22, 2018 at 10:58 PM Adam Carter  wrote:
>>
>> For a long time people recommended ext2 for /boot. The Gentoo wiki
>> still does. Is there any compelling reason to use ext2 for /boot (on
>> a system whose other filesystems are ext4) these days? AFAIK for
>> systems that have /boot on an SSD, ext4 makes more sense due to
>> discard support, and for non-SSD it doesn't matter either way. Have I
>> missed something?
>
> AFAIU, UEFI systems need a boot partition, and it has to be VFAT.

Only to use systemd-boot.

UEFI needs a VFAT ESP (EFI System Partition). For systemd-boot, the
ESP and "/boot" have to be the same because it cannot read other
filesystems, unlike grub, refind, and whatever other EFI boot
managers/loaders exist.

Re: [gentoo-user] All Gentoo signing key expired and no way to fix it

[Tom H]

On Wed, Jul 4, 2018 at 5:43 PM gevisz  wrote:
>
> but it "shot" only after sourcing /etc/profile.

Which is what "su -l" does.

Re: [gentoo-user] All Gentoo signing key expired and no way to fix it

[Tom H]

On Wed, Jul 4, 2018 at 5:39 PM gevisz  wrote:
> 2018-07-03 16:22 GMT+03:00 Mart Raudsepp :


>> If you use su, you should be using "su -" (or "su -l" or "su --login"),
>> not "su".
>
> I have used only "su" for already 3 years, since switched to Gentoo
> from Ubuntu and never had any problems with it.
>
> Could you explain a little bit more why "su -" should be used instead.
>
> From the man page I've got the following:
>
> -, -l, --login
> Provide an environment similar to what the user would expect had
> the user logged in directly.
>
> But I cannot see why I need the original root environment,
> especially if I never set it up.

It's more to protect from user envvars leaking into root's
environment. That's why "service(8)" resets the environment (and then
sets some, like PATH) on Linux and {Free,Net}BSD.

I've seen a daemon log in german because a colleague simply used "su"
to restart it (without using "service").


>> If you use sudo, you might need to pass -i (--login) option to it.
>
> I hate using sudo since I have been forced to use it in Ubuntu.

Ubuntu defaults to "sudo" but doesn't force you to use it! If you
prefer "su", set a root password.

Re: [gentoo-user] NFS and user IDs

[Tom H]

On Sat, Jun 9, 2018 at 6:43 AM Ian Zimmerman  wrote:
>
> Is there _any_ way around the need to keep the user IDs matched on NFS
> clients and servers?

You have to use NIS, NIS+Kerberos, or LDAP+Kerberos.

I've never tried it but "/etc/idmapd.conf" has a "[Static]" section in
which you can set up a map but it'd be unpractical for more than a few
users.

Re: [gentoo-user] Can't fetch distfiles in chroot

[Tom H]

On Thu, Apr 26, 2018 at 4:12 AM, Peter Humphrey  wrote:
>
> So, again, I went off half-cocked (sorry about the noise). The problem is that
> the NFS mount in the chroot picks different ports each time, so the client's
> firewall drops all NFS packets.
>
> Now I just have to find out why that happens.

Set up static ports for mountd and statd in "/etc/conf.d/nfs".

Set up static ports for lockd in "/etc/modprobe.d/" or
"/etc/sysctl.d/" (depending on how you compiled your kernel).

Non-official but more or less conventional ports (IIRC, first used in
an old Slackware howto):

mountd: "--port 32767"

statd: "--port 32765 --outgoing-port 32766"

lockd-sysctl.d:
fs.nfs.nlm_udpport=32768
fs.nfs.nlm_tcpport=32768

lockd--modprobe.d:
options lockd nlm_udpport=32768 nlm_tcpport=32768

[ If you want to be "modern," the nfs-utils tarball (v2.1.1 and above)
includes "nfs.conf" that you can copy into "/etc/" and edit ]

Re: [gentoo-user] bash scrip prompt after bootstrap

[Tom H]

On Sun, Apr 1, 2018 at 10:54 PM,   wrote:
> On 03/30/2018 11:10 AM, Bas Zoutendijk wrote:
>> On Fri 30 Mar 2018 at 10:33:45 -0600, the...@sys-concept.com wrote:
>>>
>>> I'm using a scrip to log-in/boot strap the system over NFS
>>>
>>> -
>>> #!/bin/sh
>>>
>>> HOST=${0##*/}
>>> HOST=${HOST#*-}
>>> ROOT=/mnt/${HOST}
>>> ...
>>> exec chroot '${ROOT}' /bin/bash -l
>>> ---
>>>
>>> When I'm presented with bash prompt, it is the same as the one I logged
>>> IN from.  So to eliminate the confusion I would like to change (add to)
>>> the bash prompt the "HOST' name I log-in to.
>>>
>>> When I log-in I'm presented with: "syscon3 #"
>>> I would like it to be: ROOT+HOST
>>> eg.: syscon3-eden
>>
>>   To change the prompt you want to set $PS1.  For example:
>>
>> echo 'export PS1="some string"; exec > /bin/bash -i
>>
>> This command tells the Bash inside the chroot to first execute
>>
>> export PS1="some string"
>>
>> and then to  continue as a regular log-in  shell.  The special syntax of
>> the $PS1 string in described in the  Bash man page.  If you just want to
>> prepend a string, you do not even have to bother with crafting a syntax:
>>
>> echo 'export PS1="(chroot '$HOST') $PS1"; exec > $ROOT /bin/bash -i
>
> The above syntax produced an error:
>
> chroot-eden: line 30: syntax error near unexpected token `('
> chroot-eden: line 30: `echo 'export PS1="(chroot '$HOST') $PS1"; exec 
> 
> I've tried it without brackets "()" no effect.

You have "dev/tty". It should be "/dev/tty".

Also, I'd expect "'$HOST'" to print out "'hostname'" rather than
"hostname". Is this what you want?

This is a snippet from the default Debian bashrc. You have to edit
"/etc/debian_chroot" and use a similar PS1 in the to-be-chrooted
system for this to take effect.


if [ -z "$debian_chroot" ]; then
PS1h="\h"
else
PS1h="($debian_chroot)"
fi

# Set options depending on terminal type
if [ -x /usr/bin/tput ] && tput setaf 1 >&/dev/null; then
# The terminal supports colour: assume it complies with ECMA-48
# (ISO/IEC-6429). This is almost always the case...

# Make ls(1) use colour in its listings
if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
   alias ls="ls -v --color=auto"
   eval $(/usr/bin/dircolors --sh)
fi

# Set the terminal prompt
if [ $(id -u) -ne 0 ]; then
PS1="\[\e[42;30m\]\u@$PS1h\[\e[37m\]:\[\e[30m\]\w\[\e[0m\] \\\$ "
else
# Root user gets a nice RED prompt!
PS1="\[\e[41;37;1m\]\u@$PS1h\[\e[30m\]:\[\e[37m\]\w\[\e[0m\] \\\$ "
fi
else
# The terminal does not support colour
PS1="\u@$PS1h:\w \\\$ "

Re: [gentoo-user] shutdown: /run/initctl: No such file or directory ???

[Tom H]

On Fri, Mar 30, 2018 at 4:36 PM, Mike Gilbert  wrote:
> On Fri, Mar 30, 2018 at 3:56 PM,   wrote:
>>
>> just a minute before I wanted to shutdown my Linux box...and...
>> shutdown: /run/initctl: No such file or directory
>
> See bug 651990. https://bugs.gentoo.org/651990
>
> Either upgrade to sysvinit-2.89-r1, or run the following command
> before rebooting or changing runlevels.
>
> ln -s /dev/initctl /run/initctl

2.89?! A new version after so many years!

Looking at the upstream changelog:

Added Robert Millan's Debian patch to use /run/initctl as the named pipe
for communicating. This works around a limitation on the kFreeBSD branch
which prevents us from using /dev/initctl for pipes.

Re: [gentoo-user] shutdown: /run/initctl: No such file or directory ???

[Tom H]

On Fri, Mar 30, 2018 at 3:56 PM,   wrote:
>
> just a minute before I wanted to shutdown my Linux box...and...
> shutdown: /run/initctl: No such file or directory

Isn't "/run/initctl" a Debianism?!

Re: [gentoo-user] Ubuntu with Gentoo somehow...

[Tom H]

On Mon, Mar 26, 2018 at 3:36 AM,  <tu...@posteo.de> wrote:
> On 03/25 10:02, Tom H wrote:
>> On Sun, Mar 25, 2018 at 8:47 AM, <tu...@posteo.de> wrote:
>>
>>
>>> is there a way to download the archive (or how is it called in the
>>> world of Ubuntu ?) of a program, from which I only know the apt-get
>>> and apt-install commands?
>>
>> A "deb" file, which you can expand with "ar" (no need to install "dpkg").
>>
>>
>>> And how can I do the same for a developer release of that program when
>>> I additionally know the ppa (whatever that is...?)
>>
>> I'll use systemd because I used the Ubuntu maintainer's systemd ppa
>> two or three years ago and I still have that url bookmarked.
>>
>> To get the regular systemd deb:
>>
>> http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/s/systemd/
>>
>> [ I've chosen the "de" repository given your email address. ]
>>
>> To get the ppa systemd deb (the ppa is called "pitti/systemd"):
>>
>> http://ppa.launchpad.net/pitti/systemd/ubuntu/
>>
>>
>>> I onlu need the archives of the complete program. Like Blender the
>>> archive is "all inclusive" ... :
>>
>> Make sure that the source package isn't split up into more than one
>> deb. If you look at the systemd example above, you'll find many
>> "lib..." debs as well as "systemd..." and "udev..." debs.
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> Rather than grabbing a "deb", unpacking it, and dropping its
>> components into "/usr/local/", you might want to look into using
>> Ubuntu's snap that allows you to install self-contained applications
>> in the same way that Android and iOS do.
>>
>> [ I have no idea whether snap is available on Gentoo or whether your
>> app is packaged as a snap. ]
>
> thanks for your help !!! :)

You're welcome.

JIC, for snap, there's no Gentoo "upstream" package but there is:

https://docs.snapcraft.io/core/install-gentoo

Re: [gentoo-user] Ubuntu with Gentoo somehow...

[Tom H]

On Sun, Mar 25, 2018 at 8:47 AM,  wrote:


> is there a way to download the archive (or how is it called in the
> world of Ubuntu ?) of a program, from which I only know the apt-get
> and apt-install commands?

A "deb" file, which you can expand with "ar" (no need to install "dpkg").


> And how can I do the same for a developer release of that program when
> I additionally know the ppa (whatever that is...?)

I'll use systemd because I used the Ubuntu maintainer's systemd ppa
two or three years ago and I still have that url bookmarked.

To get the regular systemd deb:

http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/s/systemd/

[ I've chosen the "de" repository given your email address. ]

To get the ppa systemd deb (the ppa is called "pitti/systemd"):

http://ppa.launchpad.net/pitti/systemd/ubuntu/


> I onlu need the archives of the complete program. Like Blender the
> archive is "all inclusive" ... :

Make sure that the source package isn't split up into more than one
deb. If you look at the systemd example above, you'll find many
"lib..." debs as well as "systemd..." and "udev..." debs.




Rather than grabbing a "deb", unpacking it, and dropping its
components into "/usr/local/", you might want to look into using
Ubuntu's snap that allows you to install self-contained applications
in the same way that Android and iOS do.

[ I have no idea whether snap is available on Gentoo or whether your
app is packaged as a snap. ]

Re: [gentoo-user] [OT] Best *SIMPLE* firewall?

[Tom H]

On Sat, Mar 3, 2018 at 7:55 PM, Walter Dnes  wrote:
> On Wed, Feb 28, 2018 at 04:40:37PM -0700, Grant Taylor wrote
>> On 02/28/2018 02:15 PM, Walter Dnes wrote:
>>>
>>> Is there something besides iptables?
>>
>> nftables
>
> Assuming I just want filtering, could I emerge nftables and unmerge
> iptables and have a functional firewall?

nftables is a replacement of iptables. It's not less featureful.

https://wiki.nftables.org/wiki-nftables/index.php/Why_nftables%3F

[ You'll have to learn a new runtime and config-file syntax ]

Re: [gentoo-user] [OT] Best *SIMPLE* firewall?

[Tom H]

On Thu, Mar 1, 2018 at 8:48 PM, Walter Dnes <waltd...@waltdnes.org> wrote:
> On Thu, Mar 01, 2018 at 12:58:44PM -0500, Tom H wrote
>> On Wed, Feb 28, 2018 at 4:15 PM, Walter Dnes <waltd...@waltdnes.org> wrote:
>>>
>>> Is there something besides iptables? It seems to be like
>>> systemd/perl/python, continuously expanding its scope. And no, I'm not
>>> looking for an "easy-peasy front-end gui" that'll probably pull in 90%
>>> of QT as dependancies. I fondly remember IPCHAINS.
>>
>> iptables doesn't depend on systemd, perl, or python.
>
> It has become an all-in-one router/packet-mangler/firewall/QOS/etc
> when I simply want a firewall. The required kernel entries have
> increased simply for the firewall functionality.

Why should you care that iptables has many features that you might not
use? There's at most one program on your system for which you use
every single feature.

Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Best *SIMPLE* firewall?

[Tom H]

On Wed, Feb 28, 2018 at 6:35 PM, Grant Edwards
 wrote:
> On 2018-02-28, taii...@gmx.com  wrote:
>
>> Is there a windows style application layer firewall?
>
> Can you describe what that means? (For the benefit of those of us that
> aren't familiar with Windows.)

I don't use Windows but on macOS it means that you can allow an
application by name, without having to worry about possibly random
ports.

On my Mac:

# /usr/libexec/ApplicationFirewall/socketfilterfw --listapps
ALF: total number of apps = 2

1 :  /Applications/Skype.app
  ( Allow incoming connections )

2 :  /usr/local/bin/unbound
  ( Block incoming connections )

#

Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Best *SIMPLE* firewall?

[Tom H]

On Wed, Feb 28, 2018 at 6:22 PM, taii...@gmx.com  wrote:
>
> Is there a windows style application layer firewall? I get that it doesn't
> stop truly malicious programs but I am simply wanting to stop random
> programs doing connections without my consent which due to the lennart
> potterings's of the world now are not just a windows freeware problem.

Switch to macOS and its running-by-default socketfilterfw ;)

You can set up OUTPUT iptables rules to allow certain ports and drop the others.

Re: [gentoo-user] [SUSPECTED SPAM] [OT] Best *SIMPLE* firewall?

[Tom H]

On Wed, Feb 28, 2018 at 4:15 PM, Walter Dnes  wrote:
>
> Is there something besides iptables? It seems to be like
> systemd/perl/python, continuously expanding its scope. And no, I'm not
> looking for an "easy-peasy front-end gui" that'll probably pull in 90%
> of QT as dependancies. I fondly remember IPCHAINS.

iptables doesn't depend on systemd, perl, or python.

firewalld depends on dbus, polkit, and python.

ufw depends on python.

But there may be other iptables frontends that depend on more,
especially if they are graphical.

The advantage of iptables frontends is that you only have to allow
"your" ports (for a minimal customization) without having to worry
about all the other stuff that you need to set up when you use
iptables directly.

I've used apf, arno, and ufw. The first two depend on bash and simply
require you to set variables in "/etc/$firewall/".

Re: [gentoo-user] grub2: hidden menu unless shift pressed?

[Tom H]

On Sat, Feb 17, 2018 at 3:58 PM, Daniel Frey  wrote:
>
> It's been a while since I've done this, but I thought the hotkey was ESC
> not shift?
>
> All I had to do was use:
>
> GRUB_TIMEOUT=0
> GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=5
>
> Grub will wait for the escape key to be pressed for 5 seconds, if no
> keypress, it would boot.

"GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT" and "GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET" have been
deprecated (not - yet? - obsoleted) in favor of "GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE".

Re: [gentoo-user] grub2: hidden menu unless shift pressed?

[Tom H]

On Sat, Feb 17, 2018 at 3:36 PM, Grant Edwards
 wrote:
>
> I'm trying to figure out how to configure grub 2.02 so that no menu is
> displayed and it will boot immediately to the default unless shift is
> held down during boot -- in which case it displays the menu and waits
> indefinitely for a choice to be made.
>
> This is a bare-bones grub2 installation without any of the
> auto-magical, config generator scripts. All I have is grub.cfg and an
> editor.
>
> I've found many web pages that say all you have to to is edit
> /etc/default/grub and set GRUB_TIMEOUT=0 and GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 and
> Bob's your uncle. Of course that file gets mashed about by dozens of
> shell scripts comprising thousands of lines of code to product the
> real grub.cfg containing hundreds of lines of code.
>
> [Oh God, how I hate grub2.]
>
> AFAICT, you end up with
>
> set timeout=0
> set timeout_style=hidden
>
> But, that doesn't seem to work. Holding down the shift key during boot
> doesn't cause the menu to be displayed, and it always boots directly
> to the default no matter what you do.
>
> Any grub2 experts care to lend a clue?

I don't have a grub2-on-Gentoo install but the below is from a test Debian VM.

"90-grub" is the only executable file in "/etc/grub.d/" and pressing
"shift" displays the grub menu.

I've had problems with "shift" with grub1 and grub2 in the past and
I'd use "set timeout=1" and press "esc" in order to display the grub
menu if I were you.

root@sysd ~ # grub-install --version
grub-install (GRUB) 2.02-2

root@sysd ~ # cat /etc/grub.d/90-grub
#!/bin/sh

cat <

Fwd: Re: [gentoo-user] Grub2 boot problem

[Tom H]

Wonderful off-list message...


-- Forwarded message --
From:  <mad.scientist.at.la...@tutanota.com>
Date: Tue, Feb 13, 2018 at 4:40 PM
Subject: Fwd: Re: [gentoo-user] Grub2 boot problem
To: Tom H <tomh0...@gmail.com>


Please FUCK OFF.  if you must make noise, please do it off list.
Please also learn what a moderator is, and the fact that you are not
one.  Gee, i can't top post with this account, but being a foogle
skank you wouldn't understand.

mad.scientist.at.large (a good madscientist)
--
God bless the rich, the greedy and the corrupt politicians they have
put into office.   God bless them for helping me do the right thing by
giving the rich my little pile of cash.  After all, the rich know what
to do with money.


Date: 13. Feb 2018 05:59
From: tomh0...@gmail.com
To: gentoo-user@lists.gentoo.org
Subject: Re: [gentoo-user] Grub2 boot problem

On Mon, Feb 12, 2018 at 7:21 PM, <mad.scientist.at.la...@tutanota.com> wrote:


you need to include the punctuation, specifically the ":"s, which
usually are a "-", mac addresses use the ":" but unless the syntax has
changed/broadened you have to have the "-" for seperating the fields
in a uuid. The punctuation is part of the syntax (besides breaking
the uuid into sections which makes it easier to copy/verify).


Please bottom-post.

No, grub's "(mduuid/...)" doesn't use separators (but the "(lvmid/...)" does!).

Re: [gentoo-user] Grub2 boot problem

[Tom H]

On Mon, Feb 12, 2018 at 7:21 PM,   wrote:
>
> you need to include the punctuation, specifically the ":"s, which
> usually are a "-", mac addresses use the ":" but unless the syntax has
> changed/broadened you have to have the "-" for seperating the fields
> in a uuid.  The punctuation is  part of the syntax (besides breaking
> the uuid into sections which makes it easier to copy/verify).

Please bottom-post.

No, grub's "(mduuid/...)" doesn't use separators (but the "(lvmid/...)" does!).

Re: [gentoo-user] Grub2 boot problem

[Tom H]

On Mon, Feb 12, 2018 at 6:16 PM, Magnus Johansson  wrote:


>> [ I assume that "46488b259685a3b9c52b7449d592dc80" is the UUID that's
>> displayed as "UUID" or "Array UUID" when you use "mdadm -D ..." or
>> "mdadm -E ..." respectively ]
>
> Almost, mdadm says 46488b25:9685a3b9:c52b7449:d592dc80

OK; grub's mduuid has the separators removed (I assume that it makes
its life simpler).


>> Does "set" in the grub shell display
>> "prefix=(mduuid/46488b259685a3b9c52b7449d592dc80)/grub" and
>> "root=(mduuid/46488b259685a3b9c52b7449d592dc80)"?
>
> Yes, I messed up the prefix=-line when retyping it.

:)


>> Does "grub-probe -t drive -d /dev/md0" output "(mduuid/...)" or
>> "(md/0)" or "(md0)"?
>
> It ouputs "(mduuid/46488b259685a3b9c52b7449d592dc80)"

I was hoping that it wouldn't and that we could then point to a
problem or a bug.

I'm stumped. It's been a while since I've had to troubleshoot grub
but, AFAIR, the fact that you are at the grub shell rather than the
grub rescue shell means that core.img is loaded and "prefix" and
"root" are set and recognized. So it's pretty weird that you have to
set "root=(md/0)" in order to boot (although, if you run "ls",
"(md/0)" will be listed so it's not an alien value). You could check
what modules are loaded with "lsmod" (if you need to page through the
list, run "set pager=1" first). I can't see how "mdraid1x" (and other
disk-related modules like "biosdisk" and "diskfilter") wouldn't be
listed given your "grub-install ... | grep ..." output and you're
being at the grub shell.

I don't know whether your "grub.cfg" is read before you reach the grub
shell but you could try to edit it, delete the "search ... --set=root
..." lines, and change the "set
root=(mduuid/46488b259685a3b9c52b7449d592dc80)" to "set root=(md/0)",
both in the 00_header section. It would go against the general move to
using UUIDs but...

Re: [gentoo-user] Grub2 boot problem

[Tom H]

On Sat, Feb 10, 2018 at 10:28 AM, Magnus Johansson  wrote:
> 2018-02-07 18:50 GMT+01:00 Steven Lembark :
>> On Mon, 5 Feb 2018 22:00:39 +0100
>> Magnus Johansson  wrote:
>>
>> From my grub.cfg:
>>
>> insmod gzio
>> insmod part_msdos
>> insmod diskfilter
>> insmod mdraid1x
>> insmod raid5rec
>> insmod lvm
>> insmod xfs
>>
>> Sanity check that you have all of the necessary modules installed
>> (e.g., "mdraid*" "raid5rec").
>
> How do you mean? Since 'set root' and 'configfile' makes it boot I'd
> assume the modules are there?
>
> I ran 'set' from grub2 shell and
>
> cmdpath=(hd0)
> prefix=(mduuid/)/root=grub
> root=mduuid/
>
> Where  is the correct UUID.
>
> Which looks ok?

The "prefix=" line isn't OK, unless you've mistyped it.

Re: [gentoo-user] Grub2 boot problem

[Tom H]

On Mon, Feb 5, 2018 at 4:00 PM, Magnus Johansson  wrote:
>>>
>>> I've got a fresh Gentoo installation that does not boot. I just end up in
>>> the Grub2 shell.
>>>
>>> However when there if I do 'set root=(md/0)' and 'configfile /grub/grub.cfg'
>>> I do get to the Grub2 menu where Gentoo boots just fine.
>>>
>>> /boot and / are both on mdadm devices.
>>>
>>> I've tried re-running grub-mkconfig and grub-install several times without
>>> luck.
>>>
>>> I've added domdadm to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT in /etc/default/grub.
>>>
>>> Drives sda/sdb use GPT disklabels and have 20M BIOS boot partitions first.
>>
>> To which device are you installing grub?
>>
>> Check what "core.img" prefix and modules grub-install is using with
>>
>> grub-install --debug $your_device 2>&1 | grep grub-mkimage
>>
>> [I hit a similar problem with mdadm 6 or 7 years ago and had to create
>> a custom "core.img" to boot normally. You might have to do the same
>> but i would've thought that this problem's been solved. I haven't
>> encountered it since.]
>
> I install grub to devices sda and sdb in the hope I can boot from both/either
>
> m / # grub-install --debug /dev/sda 2>&1 | grep grub-mkimage
> grub-install: info: grub-mkimage --directory '/usr/lib/grub/i386-pc'
> --prefix '(mduuid/46488b259685a3b9c52b7449d592dc80)/grub' --output
> '/boot/grub/i386-pc/core.img' --format 'i386-pc' --compression 'auto'
> 'ext2' 'part_gpt' 'part_gpt' 'diskfilter' 'mdraid1x' 'biosdisk'
> m / #

[ I assume that "46488b259685a3b9c52b7449d592dc80" is the UUID that's
displayed as "UUID" or "Array UUID" when you use "mdadm -D ..." or
"mdadm -E ..." respectively ]

Does "set" in the grub shell display
"prefix=(mduuid/46488b259685a3b9c52b7449d592dc80)/grub" and
"root=(mduuid/46488b259685a3b9c52b7449d592dc80)"?

Does "grub-probe -t drive -d /dev/md0" output "(mduuid/...)" or
"(md/0)" or "(md0)"?

Re: [gentoo-user] Peculiar problem: no su - to root

[Tom H]

On Sat, Feb 3, 2018 at 4:05 PM, Harry Putnam  wrote:
>
> I've just completed getting gentoo booted as guest in vbox vm.
>
> I'm having a peculiar problem. I cannot call `su -' or `su root' and
> login as root.
>
> I can still get to root by `ssh root@localhost' having set up
> /etc/sshd_config while still chrooted during install.
>
> Still no getting to root by way of `su -' or `su root'
>
> I just get the `Permission denied' message.
>
> I've never had this happen before over many installs of various linux
> distros.
>
> I did try ssh root@localhost and then resetting root passwd while
> logged in as root, but still no getting to root by `su -'.

Add the su-ing user to the "wheel" group (because of "auth required
pam_wheel.so" in "/etc/pam.d/su").

Re: [gentoo-user] Grub2 boot problem

[Tom H]

On Wed, Jan 31, 2018 at 2:58 PM, Magnus Johansson  wrote:
>
> I've got a fresh Gentoo installation that does not boot. I just end up in
> the Grub2 shell.
>
> However when there if I do 'set root=(md/0)' and 'configfile /grub/grub.cfg'
> I do get to the Grub2 menu where Gentoo boots just fine.
>
> /boot and / are both on mdadm devices.
>
> I've tried re-running grub-mkconfig and grub-install several times without
> luck.
>
> I've added domdadm to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT in /etc/default/grub.
>
> Drives sda/sdb use GPT disklabels and have 20M BIOS boot partitions first.

To which device are you installing grub?

Check what "core.img" prefix and modules grub-install is using with

grub-install --debug $your_device 2>&1 | grep grub-mkimage

[I hit a similar problem with mdadm 6 or 7 years ago and had to create
a custom "core.img" to boot normally. You might have to do the same
but i would've thought that this problem's been solved. I haven't
encountered it since.]

Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Is gnome becoming obligatory?

[Tom H]

On Mon, Dec 11, 2017 at 5:29 PM, Neil Bothwick  wrote:
>
> "journalctl" is just the same as "less /var/log/messages" so here's
> not much to learn unless you want to use the search features. Reading
> the log from a remote machine is easy, using either SSH or HTTP,
> whichever you prefer. My one complaint about the systemd journal is
> that there is not, AFAIK, a standalone reader. If I want to boot from
> a live CD, I can only read the logs if it is a systemd live CD, or I
> chroot into the original system. Unless someone knows different...

In an emergency, "strings system.journal | grep MESSAGE= | less" is useful.

It's too bad that there isn't a standalone journal reader but the
systemd developers live in a systemd world and assume that others live
in the same world. Anyway, a live CD of a systemd-based distribution's
always easy to retrieve and use.

Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Is gnome becoming obligatory?

[Tom H]

On Mon, Dec 11, 2017 at 4:03 PM, Alan Mackenzie  wrote:
> On Mon, Dec 11, 2017 at 18:56:15 +, Neil Bothwick wrote:


>> This may come as a surprise to some, but some things you hear on
>> t'internet are not true...
>>
>> For example, the http server is there to allow access to logs from
>> another machine without needing to grant SSH access. It is not enabled by
>> default.
>
> OK. But it's still there taking up RAM, and (more importantly) makes a
> systemd system a broader target for attacks. Whether a system has an
> http server (or, for that matter, an SSH server), for whatever purpose,
> should be for the system administrator to decide. I suspect this isn't
> the case for systemd's http server.
>
> In any case, I don't want an http server on my system: I have no http to
> serve. I installed sshd as one of the first things on my new system, to
> facilitate the transfer of files to it (and, probably, reading logs from
> it remotely).

I don't use systemd on Gentoo but I assume that there's a USE flag for
the http server, because, in binary distributions, this http server's
in a standalone package - "systemd-journal-remote" on Ubuntu and
"systemd-journal-gateway" on RHEL and clones.


> I don't want a binary logging daemon either: that means having to learn
> a special purpose utility to be able to read its logs, and, in general,
> not being able to read that log from a remote machine.

You can set "Storage=none" and "ForwardToSyslog=yes" in
"/etc/systemd/journald.conf", install and enable rsyslog and you won't
have binary logs when running systemd.

Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Is gnome becoming obligatory?

[Tom H]

On Sun, Dec 10, 2017 at 6:08 PM, Walter Dnes  wrote:
> On Sun, Dec 10, 2017 at 09:02:24PM +, Wols Lists wrote
>> On 10/12/17 10:13, Alan Mackenzie wrote:
>>>
>>> I've no idea how good systemd is. It's not been through the normal
>>> process of choice and selection that other successful packages have.
>>> It was forced on people. But being forced to have a binary system log,
>>> being forced (so I have heard) to have an http server running, ,
>>> doesn't make it an attractive package for me.
>>
>> Oddly enough, although the details are different, that passage I've
>> quoted pretty accurately describes how I feel about Gnome ... :-)
>
> I can't find it right now on Google, but I vaguely remember that
> Lennart asked the Gnome people to make systemd a hard dependancy. Not
> much later logind, which is required by Gnome, picks up systemd as a
> hard dependancy.

It was in 2011. The rationale was to use hostnamectl and localectl via
the gnome gui apps that set the hostname and locale and to replace
consolekit with logind for gdm and gnome-session. (Ubuntu showed with
upstart and systemd-shim that you could do all three with a different
init system.)

Re: [gentoo-user] grub-0.97-r16 and profile 17.0 change

[Tom H]

On Mon, Dec 4, 2017 at 10:39 PM, Daniel Frey  wrote:
>
> I was genuinely annoyed with grub2 due to its update and massive config
> files, so I never upgraded to it. I usually had multiple kernel versions and
> grub2 helpfully labeled them all "Linux" so I couldn't tell them apart.
>
> I figured out you can still write your own grub2 files, and it wasn't that
> difficult, other than its numbering is different now (no base-0
> partitions... argh.)

You can use

search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root filesystem_uuid

instead of

root=(hdX,msdosY)

and avoid having to deal with the grub1 to grub2 change of disks
starting at 0 and partitions at 1. Why the grub developers didn't make
disks to start at 1 when they made the partitions start at 1 is a
mystery. Maybe we'll be surprised in a future grub3 :)

Re: [gentoo-user] [OT] AppImage? What's that?

[Tom H]

On Sun, Nov 5, 2017 at 7:11 AM, <tu...@posteo.de> wrote:
> On 11/05 06:29, Tom H wrote:
>> On Sun, Nov 5, 2017 at 6:20 AM, <tu...@posteo.de> wrote:
>>>
>>> I got an archive (???) of an Linux application, which
>>> has the extension "*.AppImage".
>>>
>>> What is that?
>>>
>>> Is it possible to "unpack" that into something more common?
>>> How to handle that?
>>
>> Does it use this spec?
>>
>> https://appimage.org/
>
> Dont know...
> How can I unpack that to look into it?

From
https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit

wget 
"https://github.com/AppImage/AppImageKit/releases/download/continuous/appimagetool-x86_64.AppImage;
etc...

Re: [gentoo-user] [OT] AppImage? What's that?

[Tom H]

On Sun, Nov 5, 2017 at 6:20 AM,   wrote:
>
> I got an archive (???) of an Linux application, which
> has the extension "*.AppImage".
>
> What is that?
>
> Is it possible to "unpack" that into something more common?
> How to handle that?

Does it use this spec?

https://appimage.org/

Re: [gentoo-user] LXD

[Tom H]

On Fri, Oct 20, 2017 at 3:28 AM, john  wrote:
>
> I have set up some containers with LXD which have been running fine up
> to about a week ago.
>
> cgmanager no longer works as it crashes out and when I connect to
> containers:-
>
> systemctl
> Failed to connect to bus: No such file or directory
>
> which also causes network to fail.
>
> My belief is that lxd now relies on systemd to do the cgmanager part.
> I don't want to install systemd as this is a Gentoo box.
>
> Can anyone see a way round this or a config option which may help.

cgmanager was an Ubuntu project and it was abandoned when Ubuntu chose
to migrate to systemd [1]. The README on [2] says "Please note that
the CGManager project has been deprecated in favor of using the
kernel's CGroup Namespace or lxcfs' simulated cgroupfs." I don't know
what the "in favor of" means or how to take advantage of those two
options, but maybe there's a solution in there.

[1] https://s3hh.wordpress.com/2016/06/18/whither-cgmanager/

[2] https://github.com/lxc/cgmanager

Re: [gentoo-user] Why I can't I build systemd without ipv6?

[Tom H]

On Fri, Oct 13, 2017 at 5:58 PM, Daniel Frey  wrote:
> On 10/13/2017 11:05 AM, Canek Peláez Valdés wrote:
>>
>> Have you tried to boot the systems with  the "disable_ipv6=1" kernel
>> parameter?
>
> I just tried this, and it doesn't seem to help.
>
> # cat /proc/cmdline
> disable_ipv6=1 root=/dev/md126p3 rd.auto=1 quiet rootfstype=ext4
> init=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd
>
> But:
>
> # dmesg | grep -i ipv6
> [   22.218113] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready
> [   22.241260] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready
> [   26.421072] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready

it's "ipv6.disable_ipv6=1" not "disable_ipv6=1".

Re: [gentoo-user] conf.d/net routes

[Tom H]

On Sat, Sep 2, 2017 at 2:54 PM, Ian Zimmerman  wrote:
>
> What is the exact syntax of the *_routes lines in the /etc/conf.d/net
> file, or where is it documented?
>
> The wiki gives a couple of examples, but they are all either just for
> dhcp (so no configurable routes) or else they are of the form
>
> eth0_routes="default via eth0"
>
> "via" is not something I can use on the command line of the route
> command, at least according to its manpage. So it can't be just
> straight repetition of the command line. But then, what is it?
>
> Motivation: I want to add a route for a point-to-point interface.

For documentation, see "/usr/share/doc/netifrc-/"

For "via", "man ip-route".

Re: [gentoo-user] Is this working correctly??

[Tom H]

On Tue, Aug 22, 2017 at 4:01 PM, Dale  wrote:
>
> I have this set to send text only for gentoo.org and kde.org. Someone
> replied making me think it is not doing as instructed, even tho settings
> says it is. Can someone tell me for sure and certain that this is
> sending as it should?  Text only I hope.

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Re: [gentoo-user] [OT] Simple to upgrade Linux distro

[Tom H]

On Thu, Jul 20, 2017 at 10:01 AM, Dale  wrote:
>
> I've installed Linux Mint with Mate.

Isn't Mate as heavy as Gnome on your low-powered box? Isn't it Gnome 3
with Gnome-shell replaced by the Mate interface?

Re: [gentoo-user] Re: ntp Vs openntp vis a vis Plasma desktop

[Tom H]

On Sat, Jun 17, 2017 at 1:46 PM, Walter Dnes  wrote:
> On Fri, Jun 16, 2017 at 09:44:27PM +1000, Michael Palimaka wrote
>>
>> Someone raised the issue that the "time server" option in the date
>> and time applet was greyed out on their system. It turns out that
>> this occurs if neither ntpdate nor rdate binaries are present, so I
>> added the dep. There's been some pushback on this so maybe it'll be
>> reverted or maybe not. It's being tracked in bug #621754 for anyone
>> who wants to chime in.
>
> 1) If you don't have a time server, you don't have a time server. Why
> is that a problem? Remember that Gentoo is about choice. An "ewarn"
> message might be appropriate about "missing functionality", but that's
> about it.

Given that the binaries that it looks for are ntpdate and rdate, it's
about having an ntp client. It's strange that chronyd isn't one of
these binaries, especially since, IIRC, ntpdate and rdate are
deprecated.

Re: [gentoo-user] What gives with all these file collisions?

[Tom H]

On Fri, Jun 2, 2017 at 3:07 AM, Kent Fredric  wrote:
> On Fri, 2 Jun 2017 08:23:22 +0200
> Alan McKinnon  wrote:
>>
>> Or you could use Ubuntu.
>
> Can you please refrain from such phrases.

History with Alab G.

As an Ubuntu user, perhaps I should take offense! :)

Re: [gentoo-user] bashrc in console

[Tom H]

On Wed, Mar 22, 2017 at 9:02 AM, Hogren  wrote:
> On 22/03/2017 13:58, Hogren wrote:
>> On 22/03/2017 13:57, Hogren wrote:
>>> On 22/03/2017 13:42, Arthur Țițeică wrote:
 În ziua de miercuri, 22 martie 2017, la 14:34:50 EET, Hogren a scris:
>
> Anybody knows why ~/.bashrc is not running on the first Bash
> opening ?

 Maybe you're missing '.bash_profile'. Look in /etc/skel/ for an
 example.
>>>
>>> I don't understand. What do I have to in ~/.bash_profile to run
>>> .bashrc, even at the first logon ?
>>>
>>> I have nothing in /etc/skel.
>>>
>>> /etc/skel $ ls -l
>>> total 0
>>
>> Stupid Hogren… ls -a …
>
> Ok it works, thanks !
>
> Can you explain to me why the ~/.bashrc is sourced in subshells without
> .bash_profile ?

Because when you login, you're in a login shell (PS1 prepended with
"-") so ".bashrc" is sourced from ".bash_profile", ".bash_login", or
".profile" if you have one of them.

Whereas the subshell is an interactive, non-login shell, so ".bashrc"
is sourced directly.

Re: [gentoo-user] modules-load restart

[Tom H]

On Thu, Mar 16, 2017 at 8:53 PM, Neil Bothwick  wrote:
> On Thu, 16 Mar 2017 18:13:22 -0600, the...@sys-concept.com wrote:

 but running: /etc/init.d/modules-load restart
 does not restart the module.
>>>
>>> Does modprobe load it?
>>
>> Yes, it did; thank you.
>> modprobe it87 Worked.
>>
>> But when I run:
>> /etc/init.d/modules-load restart
>>
>> It is not showing up?
>> I have "it87" in /etc/config.d/modules
>
> The should be
>
> modules="it87"
>
> and it should be in /etc/conf.d/modules

And then it should be

rc-service modules restart
or
/etc/init.d/modules restart

because "/etc/init.d/modules-load" deals with modules listed in
systemd's "/etc/modules-load.d/" not openrc's "/etc/conf.d/modules".

Re: [gentoo-user] How to dump kde gracefully in favor of lxde

[Tom H]

On Sun, Feb 19, 2017 at 8:21 AM, Miroslav Rovis
 wrote:
>
> Oh I meant SELinux, and pls. be the first to deny there were hooks
> planted in Linux by Linus via the LSM (the Linux Security Module, for
> the general audience), as per:
>
> Developer Raps Linux Security
> http://www.crmbuyer.com/story/39565.html

A 12-year-old article quoting a guy who develops a more or less
competing technology. Sure...

How many LSM CVEs have been issued in these 12 years and how many of
these could be remotely considered to have been purposefully committed
to the linux tree?

There are probably a 1,000, if not 10,000, other conspiracy theories
to which I'd be willing to subscribe before buying into this one.

Re: [gentoo-user] journald writing errors in tty

[Tom H]

On Wed, Feb 1, 2017 at 10:43 AM, Daniel Frey <djqf...@gmail.com> wrote:
> On 02/01/2017 05:57 AM, Tom H wrote:
>> On Wed, Feb 1, 2017 at 2:16 AM, Daniel Frey <djqf...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> Does anyone know how to stop journald from writing errors all over
>>> my terminal?
>>>
>>> I've never seen this before. The error message shows up in dmesg as
>>> it's supposed to but it also writes it whereever the cursor happens
>>> to be which is extremely frustating.
>>
>> $ cat /etc/sysctl.d/90-kernel-printk.conf
>> kernel.printk = 3 4 1 3
>> $
>
> Thanks, I've never seen that before. I wonder why it started on my new
> installation?

You're welcome.

If this is new to you, then my tip might not be useful because I've
been using it with systemd since first using it on Fedora 15.

You mentioned "ForwardToWall=no" and "ForwardToConsole=no" in
"/etc/systemd/journald.conf" in your initial email but it's not
journald that's spamming the console, it's systemd. The default log
level in "/etc/systemd/system.conf" is set to "info" so it's the
kernel's "console_loglevel" that determines which systemd messages are
printed to the console.

Re: [gentoo-user] journald writing errors in tty

[Tom H]

On Wed, Feb 1, 2017 at 2:16 AM, Daniel Frey  wrote:
>
> Does anyone know how to stop journald from writing errors all over my
> terminal?
>
> I've never seen this before. The error message shows up in dmesg as it's
> supposed to but it also writes it whereever the cursor happens to be
> which is extremely frustating.

$ cat /etc/sysctl.d/90-kernel-printk.conf
kernel.printk = 3 4 1 3
$

Re: [gentoo-user] Bootloaders: SILENT CRISIS!!!

[Tom H]

On Mon, Jan 30, 2017 at 1:54 PM, Mick <michaelkintz...@gmail.com> wrote:
> On Monday 30 Jan 2017 06:10:47 Tom H wrote:
>>
>> AFAIK, since the advent of defaulting to CoreStorage (OS X 10.10? - OS
>> X's equivalent of LVM) and full-disk encryption (OS X 10.10?),
>> bootx64.efi/boot.efi cannot be loaded from disk0s2.
>
> I suspect you're right ...
>
> This is what my MBP EFI reports:
>
> # efibootmgr -v
> BootCurrent: 
> Timeout: 5 seconds
> BootOrder: ,0080
> Boot* Gentoo-4.4.39-28_Jan HD(1,GPT,a28905fe-b74d-46b3-b68b-
> ee342a73f72b,0x28,0x64000)/File(\EFI\LINUX\bootx64-4.4.39-gentoo.efi)
> Boot0080* Mac OS X
> PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1c,0x4)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/Sata(0,0,0)/HD(3,GPT,15fd7906-
> a899-4912-b52b-3e034f7a62ea,0xdcfa748,0x135f20)
> Boot0081* Mac OS X
> PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1c,0x4)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/Sata(0,0,0)/HD(3,GPT,15fd7906-
> a899-4912-b52b-3e034f7a62ea,0xdcfa748,0x135f20)
> Boot0082*
> PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1c,0x4)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/Sata(0,0,0)/HD(3,GPT,15fd7906-
> a899-4912-b52b-3e034f7a62ea,0xdcfa748,0x135f20)
> Boot*
> PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1c,0x4)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/Sata(0,0,0)/HD(2,GPT,41293e5b-9bdc-405a-
> ba22-5ece4b11f91e,0x64028,0x1bb18c80)/File(\System\Library\CoreServices\boot.efi)
>
> Both Boot0080 and Boot0081 are on the 3 partition. Boot points to the
> \System\Library\CoreServices\boot.efi file on the 2nd partition. However, 
> there
> same path and file also exists on the 3rd partition, but as you mention the 
> 3rd
> partition is unencrypted.

On my MacBook, bought in December, un-upgraded and un-linuxed:

# nvram -p | grep efi-boot-device
efi-boot-device
IOMatchIOProviderClassIOMediaIOPropertyMatchUUIDB6F965B2-2CF9-4A9E-85EA-544300583A35BLLastBSDNamedisk0s3%00
efi-boot-device-data
%02%01%0c%00%d0A%03%0a%00%00%00%00%01%01%06%00%00%1c%01%01%06%00%00%00%03%16%10%00%01%00%00%00%f9
%16X7%02%05%00%04%01*%00%03%00%00%00,BE%07%00%00%00%00%e4k%02%00%00%00%00%00%b2e%f9%b6%f9,%9eJ%85%eaTC%00X:5%02%02%7f%ff%04%00
#

Re: [gentoo-user] Bootloaders: SILENT CRISIS!!!

[Tom H]

On Sun, Jan 29, 2017 at 6:26 PM, Mick <michaelkintz...@gmail.com> wrote:
> On Sunday 29 Jan 2017 14:44:45 Tom H wrote:
>>
>> [1] Apple's EFI firmware can read hfsplus and it boots (IIRC since OS
>> X 10.10) from a kernel on the Apple_Boot partition (disk0s3).
>
> Yes, Apple's firmware reads the blessed hfs+ partition and fishes out
> its bootx64.efi file kernel image, but I thought this was from the
> second partition where the OS is installed. I'll have a look tomorrow
> when I boot it up.

AFAIK, since the advent of defaulting to CoreStorage (OS X 10.10? - OS
X's equivalent of LVM) and full-disk encryption (OS X 10.10?),
bootx64.efi/boot.efi cannot be loaded from disk0s2.

Re: [gentoo-user] Bootloaders: SILENT CRISIS!!!

[Tom H]

On Sat, Jan 28, 2017 at 2:31 PM, Mick  wrote:
>
> rEFInd is definitely a slick and useful boot manager for multibooting.
> On this occasion I did not install it, but decided to remain
> minimalist, because I do not want to interfere much with the AppleMac
> installation.
>
> So, I created /boot/EFI/LINUX/ on /dev/sda1, leaving the original
> /boot/EFI/APPLE as was and copied in the LINUX/ directory just the
> gentoo kernel image, .config and System files. I named the kernel
> image 'bootx64-4.4.39-gentoo.efi' to differentiate from other images I
> will install over time.
>
> Then using the efibootmgr I set up bootx64-4.4.39-gentoo.efi as the
> default boot kernel and when the MackBook is started it boots straight
> into Gentoo, in what it feels like milliseconds. :-)
>
> When I need to boot into MacOS I have to press the alt key (aka Option
> ⌥ key) as I power it on and the Apple firmware boot loader takes over.
> What I don't know yet is if a MacOS upgrade will wipe the
> /boot/EFI/LINUX/ in /dev/sda1 as it upgrades the APPLE files, but it
> is easy to boot with a LiveUSB and copy over the Linux kernel once
> more.

Apple doesn't boot from the ESP [1] so it most likely won't touch
"/boot/EFI/LINUX/".

For example, on my MacBook, the ESP only has what looks like hardware updaters.


# diskutil list disk0
/dev/disk0 (internal):
   #:   TYPE NAMESIZE   IDENTIFIER
   0:  GUID_partition_scheme 500.3 GB   disk0
   1:EFI EFI 314.6 MB   disk0s1
   2:  Apple_CoreStorage Macintosh HD499.3 GB   disk0s2
   3: Apple_Boot Recovery HD 650.0 MB   disk0s3


# diskutil mount readOnly -mountpoint ESP disk0s1
Volume EFI on disk0s1 mounted


# ls -R ESP/EFI
APPLE

ESP/EFI/APPLE:
EXTENSIONS FIRMWARE UPDATERS

ESP/EFI/APPLE/EXTENSIONS:
Firmware.scap

ESP/EFI/APPLE/FIRMWARE:
MB91_0154_B09_LOCKED.fd

ESP/EFI/APPLE/UPDATERS:
MULTIUPDATER USBCH USBCVA

ESP/EFI/APPLE/UPDATERS/MULTIUPDATER:
HPMUtil.efi Mac-9AE82516C7C6B903.epm MultiUpdater.efi flasher_base.smc
Mac-9AE82516C7C6B903-B0_3.72.bin Mac-9AE82516C7C6B903.smc
SmcFlasher.efi flasher_update.smc

ESP/EFI/APPLE/UPDATERS/USBCH:
HPMUtil_v39.efi J93-USBC-NVM-2.72.0-P_B0-S.bin

ESP/EFI/APPLE/UPDATERS/USBCVA:
HPMUtil.efi fw-p1-USBCVideoAdapter-S.bin
#


[1] Apple's EFI firmware can read hfsplus and it boots (IIRC since OS
X 10.10) from a kernel on the Apple_Boot partition (disk0s3).

Re: [gentoo-user] Bootloaders: SILENT CRISIS!!!

[Tom H]

On Fri, Jan 27, 2017 at 5:50 PM, Bill Kenworthy <bi...@iinet.net.au> wrote:
> On 28/01/17 00:25, Tom H wrote:
>> On Thu, Jan 26, 2017 at 7:10 PM, Bill Kenworthy <bi...@iinet.net.au> wrote:
>>>
>>> I tried grub2 and dumped it for "rEFit" - ended up a lot easier and
>>> more robust.
>>
>> rEFIt or rEFInd?
>
> Sorry, yes it is rEFInd I am using.

No worries. I had to check out of curiosity because I mix them up...

Re: [gentoo-user] SNAFU: TO THE N'TH POWER!

[Tom H]

On Fri, Jan 27, 2017 at 10:07 AM, Alan Grimes  wrote:
>
> Had another learning experience with respect to how GPT disks work.,
> system is buttoned up and operating in GPT mode. In old systems, the
> boot sectors and bootstrap loaders were kinda consigned to a digital
> pergatory on the drive, now you just have to give it its own 1mb
> partition...

efi/gpt aren't more buttoned up; just different.

For example, for grub:

bios + msdos label
boot.img - embedded in mbr
core.img - embedded in post-mbr gap

bios + gpt label
boot.img - embedded in mbr
core.img - embedded in bios_boot partition

efi + gpt label
efi (pe/coff) executable on a fat partition

Re: [gentoo-user] Bootloaders: SILENT CRISIS!!!

[Tom H]

On Thu, Jan 26, 2017 at 7:10 PM, Bill Kenworthy  wrote:
>
> I tried grub2 and dumped it for "rEFit" - ended up a lot easier and
> more robust.

rEFIt or rEFInd?

Re: [gentoo-user] Bootloaders: SILENT CRISIS!!!

[Tom H]

On Thu, Jan 26, 2017 at 12:03 PM, Alan Grimes  wrote:


> I looked for more information on GRUB form upstream but, on first
> impression, it's been an abandoned project since 2012... Apparently
> some users have posted patches to things like the invalid sector size
> problem but the project has been deaf to these problems and has done
> nothing whatsoever. =(

That's grub1 (which doesn't understand efi). grub2 is still being developed.


> I thought maybe I could go simple and use something like elilo.

Unfortunately elilo's been abandoned.

Re: [gentoo-user] snafu: the update

[Tom H]

On Wed, Jan 25, 2017 at 6:58 PM, Alan Grimes <alonz...@verizon.net> wrote:
> Tom H wrote:


>> AFAIK, when you load the kernel directly from the EFI firmware, it has
>> to have the ".efi" suffix. But that doesn't explain why it would stall
>> when loaded from grub...
>>
>> Somewhat OT: Regarding grub, your "/boot/" is messy. It might not be
>> making a difference for (efi)-grub2's functioning but you have grub1
>> files (*stage1_5), grub2 bios files (i386-pc/), as well as grub2 efi
>> files (x86_64-efi/).
>
> Yeah, I've been using that directory for many many long years, I ended
> up removing the grub directory completely and re-installing, it's much
> cleaner now.

ACK. I just thought that I'd point it out.


> I think there's something with how I'm compiling the kernel and the EFI
> boot requirements aren't quite being met and the loader is trying to
> execute non-code or some other error of that general nature. But that's
> just a brainstorm, I really hate it when my machine gives me this kind
> of problem where I don't even have an error message.

If you're loading the kernel from grub, you don't have to compile the
efi stub/stuff into the kernel.


>  FROM GRUB.CFG #
>
> echo 'Loading Linux 4.6.7 ...'
> <<<< it successfully executes this line
> linux /vmlinuz-4.6.7 root=/dev/sda2 ro
> <<<< but fails before the first output from the kernel
>
> 

Looking at your grub.cfg, I wonder whether "linux /vmlinuz-4.6.7 ..."
is correct.

Looking at your original "tree" output, it looks like you're mounting
the ESP at "/boot" and that grub's being loaded from
"/boot/EFI/gentoo/grubx64.efi".

What are the grub.cfg lines that start with "search" and "set root"?

Re: [gentoo-user] snafu: the update

[Tom H]

On Wed, Jan 25, 2017 at 1:05 PM, Alan Grimes  wrote:
>
> The linux kernel stalls stone cold dead in either direct from firmware
> or pass through grub mode.

AFAIK, when you load the kernel directly from the EFI firmware, it has
to have the ".efi" suffix. But that doesn't explain why it would stall
when loaded from grub...

Somewhat OT: Regarding grub, your "/boot/" is messy. It might not be
making a difference for (efi)-grub2's functioning but you have grub1
files (*stage1_5), grub2 bios files (i386-pc/), as well as grub2 efi
files (x86_64-efi/).

Re: [gentoo-user] [OT] How to do GRUB2 multiple partions on USB key?

[Tom H]

On Sun, Jan 22, 2017 at 10:39 PM, Walter Dnes  wrote:
>
> I notice some comments that menu.lst is "legacy GRUB", and GRUB2 has
> gone off the deep end with a ton of config files.

Unless you want to customize your grub menu in a way not desired or
anticipated by the grub2 developers, you just have to edit
"/etc/default/grub" and run "grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg".

Re: [gentoo-user] [OT] How to do GRUB2 multiple partions on USB key?

[Tom H]

On Sun, Jan 22, 2017 at 6:02 AM, Neil Bothwick  wrote:
>
> GRUB2 counts partitions from 1, but drives from 0 (a brilliant
> decision) so these would be (hd1,6) and (hd1,7).

They should've changed hd0/hd1/... to hda/hdb/... when they changed
(hd0,msdos1) to correspond to /dev/sda1 [as opposed to (hd0,0) in
grub1!], (hd1,gpt2) to correspond to /dev/sdb2, ... :(

Re: [gentoo-user] Re: locale : cannot generate it

[Tom H]

On Wed, Jan 11, 2017 at 8:13 PM, Jonathan Callen <jcal...@gentoo.org> wrote:
> On 01/08/2017 11:36 AM, Tom H wrote:
>> On Sun, Jan 8, 2017 at 11:14 AM, Helmut Jarausch <jarau...@skynet.be> wrote:
>>> Urs wrote
>>>
>>>> You can generate a "fake" C.UTF-8 locale with localedef:
>>>> # localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8
>>>> and remove it when no longer needed:
>>>> # localedef --delete-from-archive C.utf8
>>>
>>> Is the strange locale name C.UTF-8 a "specialty" of darktable or have
>>> other distributions such a locale?
>>
>> C.UTF-8 is (and has been for a while) a valid Debian locale,installed
>> by default with libc. And it became, somewhat recently, a valid Fedora
>> locale (so as not to have to install any additional locales in a
>> container, over and above the default libc ones, C, C.UTF-8, and
>> POSIX).
>
> It is possible to create this on Gentoo (with some warnings) by creating
> a symlink /usr/share/i18n/locales/C that points to "POSIX", then adding
> "C.UTF-8" to locale.gen as normal.

Thanks. I've just done it. There were some warnings as you cautioned.
Symlinking C to en_US (to use locale-gen rather than localedef as
above) generates it without warnings but it's probably not
"appropriate."

Debian patches libc:

https://sources.debian.net/src/glibc/2.24-8/debian/patches/localedata/locale-C.diff/

Fedora patches libc:

http://pkgs.fedoraproject.org/cgit/rpms/glibc.git/tree/glibc-c-utf8-locale.patch

Re: [gentoo-user] locale : cannot generate it

[Tom H]

On Sun, Jan 8, 2017 at 11:14 AM, Helmut Jarausch  wrote:
>
> The strange C.UTF-8 , which was suggested by one of the devolopers of
> media-gfx/darktable, did cause the problems. The error messages were
> strange and misleading.
>
> Urs wrote
>
>> You can generate a "fake" C.UTF-8 locale with localedef:
>> # localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8
>> and remove it when no longer needed:
>> # localedef --delete-from-archive C.utf8
>> Don't blame me for ugly side effects...
>
> Many thanks for this unusual hint. With this I can build the
> GIT-version of darktable.
>
> Is the strange locale name C.UTF-8 a "specialty" of darktable or have
> other distributions such a locale?

C.UTF-8 is (and has been for a while) a valid Debian locale,installed
by default with libc. And it became, somewhat recently, a valid Fedora
locale (so as not to have to install any additional locales in a
container, over and above the default libc ones, C, C.UTF-8, and
POSIX).

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Thu, Dec 29, 2016 at 8:15 PM, Miroslav Rovis
<miro.ro...@croatiafidelis.hr> wrote:
> On 161229-05:13-0500, Tom H wrote:
>> On Tue, Dec 27, 2016 at 1:53 PM, lee <l...@yagibdah.de> wrote:
>> > Neil Bothwick <n...@digimed.co.uk> writes:
>>>>
>> There are two ways to ensure that you always have the kernel's names:
>>
>> 1) Add "net.ifnames=0" to the kernel cmdline
>
> I use that all the time.
>
> Of course, I don't use the below, no poetterware in my machine:
>
>> 2) Override "NamePolicy=..." in "/lib/systemd/network/99-default.link"
>> with "NamePolicy=kernel" in "/etc/systemd/network/99-default.link".
>
> But I respect if anybody else wants it, let them have it, just, allow
> free speech, as you, _mostly_, do, id est, to tell people unintrusively
> what that SystemDisaster is...

It's too bad that the eudev maintainers didn't see fit to keep the
".link" units (they could've moved them to "/{etc,lib}/udev/network/"
if having "systemd" in a path's a no-no") because they make renaming a
NIC simpler.

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Tue, Dec 27, 2016 at 1:53 PM, lee  wrote:
> Neil Bothwick  writes:
>>
>> There is nothing wrong with wanting things to work as you do, but it
>> requires input to do so. It you have to start editing files to make
>> it work properly, there is little point in making it the default.
>
> Right, and it could work without editing files manually. A
> configuration file assigning editable names to the annoying names
> could be created automatically and filled by assigning the name an
> interface already has to it (because when it has a name, the name is
> known, which is easier than trying to make up all possible names in
> advance). Then only if you wanted you would edit the configuration
> file to assign the name(s) of your choosing, and if you don't want to
> do that, you simply get the names you get now. There would be no
> change to how the names are now, only an additional option.
>
> That would also have the advantage that when the annoying name of an
> interface changes, you can choose to either adjust all configuration
> files in which you have specified a particular interface or simply
> adjust the one configuration file that assigns the names.

There are two ways to ensure that you always have the kernel's names:

1) Add "net.ifnames=0" to the kernel cmdline

2) Override "NamePolicy=..." in "/lib/systemd/network/99-default.link"
with "NamePolicy=kernel" in "/etc/systemd/network/99-default.link".

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Mon, Dec 26, 2016 at 3:01 PM, lee <l...@yagibdah.de> wrote:
> Tom H <tomh0...@gmail.com> writes:
>> AFAIK, you have three possibilities.
>>
>> 1) If you're renaming a NIC via its MAC address, you have to edit the
>> config file thatlinks the NIC's names and its MAC address.
>>
>> 2) If you're using udev's predictable names, the NIC'll have the same
>> (more or less complex) name if you use the same slot.
>>
>> 3) If you're using the kernel names, you have no guarantee that ethX
>> will be assigned to the same NIC at every bot.
>
> So there's no good option because names may change unless you make and
> maintain an assignment.  I wonder why that isn't the default ...

Because udev upstream chose to default to a setup without having to
edit config files for NIC names.

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Mon, Dec 26, 2016 at 1:35 PM, lee <l...@yagibdah.de> wrote:
> Tom H <tomh0...@gmail.com> writes:
>> On Fri, Dec 23, 2016 at 9:07 PM, lee <l...@yagibdah.de> wrote:
>>>
>>> How is that more reliable?
>>
>> It's more reliable than using the kernel's names because the names
>> won't change UNLESS there's kernel/driver/firmware change for that
>> NIC. I doubt that these changes occur that often. Perhaps someone else
>> knows.
>
> What happens more often: That a network card is replaced with a
> different one or that the software changes?

In my experience the former. But it's just my experience...

I've also not come across a kernel//driver/firmware change on a system.

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Fri, Dec 23, 2016 at 3:48 AM, Jorge Almeida <jjalme...@gmail.com> wrote:
> On Fri, Dec 23, 2016 at 12:39 AM, Neil Bothwick <n...@digimed.co.uk> wrote:
>> On Fri, 23 Dec 2016 02:26:05 -0500, Tom H wrote:
>>>
>>> It's the best thing that the systemd developers have produced!
>>
>> Except they didn't produce it. They assimilated gummiboot, which I was
>> already using, into the systemd collective!
>
> Wasn't gummiboot the brain child of a certain systemd developer who
> got kicked off the kernel due to attitude issues?

AFAICT, Kay's last kernel submission was one year before Linus had
"that" rant about merging his code.

I'd also have been surprised if Kay had submitted something a few
months later and Linus had rejected it ; especially since Linus gave
himself an out by saying something like "until his attitude changes"
or something along these lines.

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Fri, Dec 23, 2016 at 3:39 AM, Neil Bothwick <n...@digimed.co.uk> wrote:
> On Fri, 23 Dec 2016 02:26:05 -0500, Tom H wrote:
>>>
>>> I don't use grub on UEFI systems, but I use the systemd bootloader,
>>> so I thought I'd keep quiet about that ;-)
>>
>> I'm also a heretic who uses the systemd bootloader no matter what pid1
>> is in charge.
>>
>> It's the best thing that the systemd developers have produced!
>
> Except they didn't produce it. They assimilated gummiboot, which I was
> already using, into the systemd collective!

Wasn't Kay Sievers one of the two gummiboot developers? (Along with
Harald  of dracut fame.)

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Fri, Dec 23, 2016 at 9:07 PM, lee <l...@yagibdah.de> wrote:
> Tom H <tomh0...@gmail.com> writes:
>> On Mon, Dec 19, 2016 at 3:07 PM, Daniel Frey <djqf...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> It is even more frustrating that these so-called predictable network
>>> names actually can change on a reboot, it's happened to me more than
>>> once when multiple network cards are detected in a different order.
>>
>>>From Kay Sievers in [1]:
>>
>> 
>> Btw, predictable means it will not change between reboots, that names
>> will not depend on enumeration order within the same setup. It does
>> not mean or promise, that added kernel/driver/firmware features will
>> not result in different names. That is expected behavior.
>> 
>>
>> [1] 
>> https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2015-October/034614.html
>
> So the names will not change when rebooting and are to be expected to
> possibly change at any time.
>
> How is that more reliable?

It's more reliable than using the kernel's names because the names
won't change UNLESS there's kernel/driver/firmware change for that
NIC. I doubt that these changes occur that often. Perhaps someone else
knows.

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Fri, Dec 23, 2016 at 8:57 PM, lee <l...@yagibdah.de> wrote:
> Tom H <tomh0...@gmail.com> writes:


>> [1] There's no need to learn/use the udev rules syntax. I use the
>> following in "/etc/systemd/network/" on a Debian 8 system with
>> sysvinit-as-pid1:
>>
>> [Match]
>> MACAddress=can't_be_bothered_to_look_it_up
>> [Link]
>> Name=en0
>
> Thanks!

You're welcome.


> What happens when you replace the card with another one that has a
> different MAC? Shouldn't an assignment like this rather go by the
> unrecognisable name? I'd find that more consistent.

AFAIK, you have three possibilities.

1) If you're renaming a NIC via its MAC address, you have to edit the
config file thatlinks the NIC's names and its MAC address.

2) If you're using udev's predictable names, the NIC'll have the same
(more or less complex) name if you use the same slot.

3) If you're using the kernel names, you have no guarantee that ethX
will be assigned to the same NIC at every bot.

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Thu, Dec 22, 2016 at 10:40 AM, Daniel Frey <djqf...@gmail.com> wrote:
> On 12/21/2016 10:53 PM, Tom H wrote:
>> On Tue, Dec 20, 2016 at 3:35 PM, Daniel Frey <djqf...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> It could be I found a bug. After a reboot it went from the normal
>>> enp0s1 (or whatever) to eno1677789 or something ridiculous. I had
>>> this happen on two different machines.
>>
>> https://github.com/systemd/systemd/commit/6c1e69f9
>
> So it wasn't just me! My memory seems to lose voltage once in a while,
> but I remember wondering what happened to the system I was working on
> remotely after I rebooted, that's why I was sure it happened! ;-)

LOL

I was intrigued by the "non-sensically high onboard indexes" and
Google gave me the following (you're definitely not alone):

http://serverfault.com/questions/636621/why-is-my-eth0-called-eno1636

http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/91085/udev-renaming-my-network-interface

http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/153785/what-does-eno-mean-in-network-interface-name-eno1636-for-centos-7-or-rhel

>From the last link:

The /(:1000208:01.0)/ above is the Domain:Bus:Device.Function
address with the bus value, "1000208", being the hexadecimal
representation of 1636. However, "0x100" (256) Should be the maximum
value that you can have for "Bus."

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Thu, Dec 22, 2016 at 7:38 AM, Neil Bothwick  wrote:
>
> I don't use grub on UEFI systems, but I use the systemd bootloader, so I
> thought I'd keep quiet about that ;-)

I'm also a heretic who uses the systemd bootloader no matter what pid1
is in charge.

It's the best thing that the systemd developers have produced!

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Thu, Dec 22, 2016 at 5:14 AM, Neil Bothwick <n...@digimed.co.uk> wrote:
> On Thu, 22 Dec 2016 04:52:41 -0500, Tom H wrote:
>
>> All of this whining about predictable NIC names would be more or less
>> OK if there wasn't an easy way to override them in
>> "/{lib,etc}/systemd/network/" (even on a non-systemd system, see [1])
>> or in "/etc/udev/rules.d/"!
>
> You forgot /etc/default/grub ;-)

Indeed :)

But I was going with the idea of using udev to rename NICs rather than
reverting to kernel names.

I hope that you're ready to duck because someone might say "Linux is
about choice" while reminding you that grub isn't the only bootloader
:)

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Thu, Dec 22, 2016 at 3:56 AM, Neil Bothwick  wrote:
> On Thu, 22 Dec 2016 04:15:50 +0100, lee wrote:
>>
>> The perceived advantage lies in being able to refer to network ports
>> in a more reliable way, and I don't see how using unrecognisable
>> names instead of recognisable ones would make anything easier.
>
> See above re automation. It doesn't really matter whether you see the
> need or not. If you don't have the need, don't use it, they are an
> option for those who do want them.

All of this whining about predictable NIC names would be more or less
OK if there wasn't an easy way to override them in
"/{lib,etc}/systemd/network/" (even on a non-systemd system, see [1])
or in "/etc/udev/rules.d/"!

[1] There's no need to learn/use the udev rules syntax. I use the
following in "/etc/systemd/network/" on a Debian 8 system with
sysvinit-as-pid1:

[Match]
MACAddress=can't_be_bothered_to_look_it_up
[Link]
Name=en0

Re: [gentoo-user] Portage spokes again...

[Tom H]

On Wed, Dec 21, 2016 at 8:53 AM, Corbin Bird  wrote:
>
> ( PulseAudio is also being merged into systemd. Think about it. )

Unless the systemd developers have decided to stop targeting the
non-desktop use-case, this is pure delirium.

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Tue, Dec 20, 2016 at 5:04 PM, lee  wrote:
> Andrej Rode  writes:
>>
>>> Or can you explain how unrecognisable names make things easier?
>>
>> Yeah they make life easier. From your talk you never had a problem
>> with eth<0,10> switching names after boot. Everyone who had them
>> appreciates predictable network interfaces.
>
> Right, I've never had a problem like that.

Therefore no one else could possibly have had it...

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Tue, Dec 20, 2016 at 3:35 PM, Daniel Frey  wrote:
> On 12/19/2016 01:09 PM, Andrej Rode wrote:
>>
>> https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PredictableNetworkInterfaceNames/
>
> It could be I found a bug. After a reboot it went from the normal
> enp0s1 (or whatever) to eno1677789 or something ridiculous. I had this
> happen on two different machines.

https://github.com/systemd/systemd/commit/6c1e69f9

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Tue, Dec 20, 2016 at 11:47 AM, Rich Freeman  wrote:
> On Tue, Dec 20, 2016 at 11:33 AM, Heiko Baums  wrote:
>>
>> You don't need to be convinced. It's sufficient that I know systemd
>> pretty well from the beginning when the Poettering fanboys of Arch Linux
>> forced this crap onto the Arch Linux users, while they regularly were
>> telling that they don't force it onto their users, that it will be only
>> optional.
>
> Clearly nobody forced you to run it, because you aren't running it
> now.  And if you wanted to run openrc on Arch you certainly could.
> Nobody will help you do it, but it certainly can be done.

To Rich: There are howtos

To Heiko: http://lmgtfy.com/?q=arch+linux+openrc

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Tue, Dec 20, 2016 at 11:21 AM, Heiko Baums  wrote:
> Am 20.12.2016 um 05:23 schrieb Andrej Rode:
>>
>> Yeah they make life easier. From your talk you never had a problem
>> with eth<0,10> switching names after boot. Everyone who had them
>> appreciates predictable network interfaces.
>
> Everyone who had them could learn how to write simple udev rules to
> get fixed eth<0,10> names after every boot. No systemd and no
> "predictable" names necessary.
>
> Nevertheless I'm still wondering what's so predictable at those
> incomprehensible, cryptic device names anyway. And I don't want to
> know that.

The predictable interface names (the systemd developers have an
unfortunate knack for misnaming ) arose for a multi-NIC world where

1) the kernel's ethX name for a particular NIC can change from one
boot to another

2) udev renaming NICs "ethX" can break if you rename a NIC "eth4" and
the kernel later names another NIC "eth4" as it enumerates the
hardware.

Given the above, the udev maintainers could've implemented a policy
that a NIC couldn't be renamed "ethX" but they decided no longer to
default to MAC-based naming rules and came up with naming based on
whether a NIC is an on-board one (enoX), a PCI Express one (ensX), a
PCI one (enpXsY), etc. In doing so, they defaulted to names that are
more complex than the kernel's (ethX) but you can now replace a NIC
without editing a file under "/etc/udev/rules.d/".

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Mon, Dec 19, 2016 at 3:07 PM, Daniel Frey  wrote:
>
> It is even more frustrating that these so-called predictable network
> names actually can change on a reboot, it's happened to me more than
> once when multiple network cards are detected in a different order.

>From Kay Sievers in [1]:


Btw, predictable means it will not change between reboots, that names
will not depend on enumeration order within the same setup. It does
not mean or promise, that added kernel/driver/firmware features will
not result in different names. That is expected behavior.


[1] 
https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2015-October/034614.html

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Mon, Dec 19, 2016 at 9:52 AM, Marc Joliet  wrote:

> When people compare systemd unit files to init scripts, they usually
> mean *raw* (LSB?) sysvinit scripts (as IIUC Debian use{s,d}), with all
> of their ridiculous amounts of boilerplate.

The latest Debian init.d skeleton uses "#!/lib/init/init-d-script" as
its shebang


th@localhost ~ $ cat /etc/init.d/skeleton
#!/bin/sh
# kFreeBSD do not accept scripts as interpreters, using #!/bin/sh and sourcing.
if [ true != "$INIT_D_SCRIPT_SOURCED" ] ; then
set "$0" "$@"; INIT_D_SCRIPT_SOURCED=true . /lib/init/init-d-script
fi
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:  skeleton
# Required-Start:$remote_fs $syslog
# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:  0 1 6
# Short-Description: Example initscript
# Description:   This file should be used to construct scripts to be
#placed in /etc/init.d.  This example start a
#single forking daemon capable of writing a pid
#file.  To get other behavoirs, implemend
#do_start(), do_stop() or other functions to
#override the defaults in /lib/init/init-d-script.
### END INIT INFO

# Author: Foo Bar 
#
# Please remove the "Author" lines above and replace them
# with your own name if you copy and modify this script.

DESC="Description of the service"
DAEMON=/usr/sbin/daemonexecutablename


You can source an environment file and add "DAEMON_ARGS=" should you
need to do so.

This was created in the debian-devel@ systemd thread by the
sysinit/sysvrc maintainer.

Re: [gentoo-user] [O/T] netstat security puzzle

[Tom H]

On Sun, Dec 18, 2016 at 2:26 AM, Mick  wrote:
>
> I've grep-ped the whole of /etc, no mention of "Knoppix" there.
>
> I've also looked in /var/lib/NetworkManager/dhclient-enp6s8.conf to see what
> hostname NetworkManager sends to dhclient. No trace of "Knoppix" in there
> either.
>
> What else could it be creating or overriding a Local Address with one called
> "Knoppix", rather than what was set at installation time?

I connected my laptop to a friend's wifi network using dhcp and my
laptop was renamed "Tessa's iPhone". I didn't investigate further
(except that I set up a static address) but I suspect that some dhcp
servers push out a hostname along with an ip address without checking
the requester's mac address.

Re: [gentoo-user] Re: from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Sat, Dec 17, 2016 at 6:58 PM, Grant Edwards
 wrote:
> On 2016-12-17, Alan McKinnon  wrote:
>>
>> But the VMS I like most are the FreeBSD ones; they run good
>> old-fashioned rc.
>
> It's been a while since I ran VMS, but it had little very resemblance
> to FreeBSD[1] and the init system was nothing like it the BSD one. :)

I read "VMS" as "VMs."

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Sat, Dec 17, 2016 at 1:20 PM, Heiko Baums  wrote:
>
> I didn't ask for a howto for installing Gentoo on a Pi, I asked for a
> howto for getting rid of systemd on recent versions of Arch Linux,
> Debian, Raspbian, Ubuntu, Fedora etc. You said it's possible and I'm
> not forced to use systemd, so I guess you know how and can explain it
> to me.

On Debian, you simply install "sysv-rc" and you're good to go because
it'll uninstall "systemd-sysv" and ensure that "/sbin/init" is
sysvinit's.

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Sat, Dec 17, 2016 at 4:36 AM, Daniel Campbell  wrote:
> On 12/17/2016 12:53 AM, Neil Bothwick wrote:
>> On Sat, 17 Dec 2016 00:55:21 -0500, Walter Dnes wrote:
>>>
>>> Again, the average home user is being jerked around for
>>> a corporate agenda.
>>
>> Yes, it is disgusting that developers add the options desired by those
>> that pay their wages while completely ignoring the users that give them
>> nothing! It's almost like they are scratching their employer's itch while
>> ignoring yours.
>
> I get where you're coming from, but Walter's talking about a real
> concern when it comes to libre software and corporate involvement. The
> profit motive has the potential to devastate community-oriented
> operations, be they libre software, swimming pools, common areas,
> municipal Internet, or even housing efforts. That potential for damage
> should be baked into any community-based operation's decision-making
> process.

Greg KH has (IIRC) made the argument that it's the involvement of
corporations that has helped Linux grow exponentially, unlike the
BSDs. (IIRC, he attributed their involvement to the GPL, but that's a
different topic.)

Re: [gentoo-user] from Firefox52: NO pure ALSA?, WAS: Firefox 49.0 & Youtube... Audio: No

[Tom H]

On Sat, Dec 17, 2016 at 12:55 AM, Walter Dnes  wrote:
> On Fri, Dec 16, 2016 at 02:16:27PM -0500, Rich Freeman wrote
>> On Fri, Dec 16, 2016 at 11:51 AM, Miroslav Rovis 
>>  wrote:


>>> It's been discussed over and over again. Lots of people are firm in
>>> their understanding that Lennart is an actor by and for the big
>>> business. Me too.
>>
>> Well, he is a Red Hat employee. Nobody really debates that.
>
> Maybe it's not intentional spyware malice, but rather that home users
> are being jerked around while Redhat re-writes linux as a corporate OS.

In what way are home users being jerked around? How many care about
the guts of their system?

I (unfortunately) manage four linux laptops for my parents and two
friends. They just want to boot thei machines and use them in the same
way that they use their iPhones and iPads - and they couldn't care
less about anything less.

There are of course people who want to change and customize their
setups (like you) and for whom the advent of and domination by
systemd's a PitA. Please don't generalize.


> Similarly, the vast majority of home users have a machine with one
> ethernet port, and in the past it's always been eth0. Now the name
> varies in each machine depending on the motherboard layout; oogabooga11?
> foobar42? It may be static, but you don't know what it'll be, without
> first booting the machine. In a truly Orwellian twist, this "feature"
> is referred to as "Predictable" Network Interface Names. It only makes
> things easier for corporate machines acting as gateways/routers, with
> multiple ports. Again, the average home user is being jerked around for
> a corporate agenda.

Do "regular" home users know the name of the NIC that they're using?!

Re: [gentoo-user] sans-dbus was: gnome intrusion?

[Tom H]

On Wed, Nov 16, 2016 at 7:47 AM, Miroslav Rovis
 wrote:
>
> Ah, I almost forgot. Gentoo is as default (OpenRC) without dbus! Have a
> look:
>
> https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Comparison_of_init_systems
>
> There is no D-Bus under "Main dependencies" for OpenRC (I really like
> OpenRC...)

There's no reason that the fact that OpenRC doesn't depend on dbus
should imply that something higher up the stack cannot depend on dbus!

Re: [gentoo-user] New Install

[Tom H]

On Sat, Sep 24, 2016 at 4:35 PM, Christopher Robinson
 wrote:
>
> Again thanks for a specific reply, unlike Dale and Neil's.

Is this necessary?!

Re: [gentoo-user] New Install

[Tom H]

On Sat, Sep 24, 2016 at 4:26 PM, Neil Bothwick  wrote:
> On Sat, 24 Sep 2016 16:16:00 -0400, Rich Freeman wrote:
>
>>> Call it Part 1 or Volume 1 if you prefer, the handbook itself doesn't
>>> give such a label to the four sections. I meant the part called
>>> "1. Installing Gentoo".
>>
>> Great, where in that part does it tell you how to set a root password?
>
> I couldn't tell you without looking, but I wasn't answering that
> question. I quoted only the part I was answering.

https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:AMD64/Installation/System#Root_password

Re: [gentoo-user] Gummiboot -> efibootmgr

[Tom H]

On Mon, Aug 22, 2016 at 2:59 PM, Rich Freeman  wrote:
> On Mon, Aug 22, 2016 at 2:34 PM, Håkon Alstadheim
>  wrote:


>> Booting straight into linux on an EFI system without a boot-loader means
>> you have no way to provide command-line or initramfs as far as I can
>> tell, all modules must be compiled in, and default command-line needs to
>> be set in the kernel config.
>
> You can have an initramfs, but it also has to be compiled in.

You can feed a path to an initramfs with efibootmgr's "-u" or "-@".


> It generally makes sense to use a bootloader with EFI as a result.

+1

When the switch to systemd-boot happened, I grabbed the files needed
to compile it from the systemd tarball and compiled "gummiboot-ng."
But this started failing at some point so I compiled systemd on one
system and grabbed "/usr/lib/systemd/boot/efi/systemd-bootx64.efi".

Re: [gentoo-user] Gummiboot -> efibootmgr

[Tom H]

On Mon, Aug 22, 2016 at 11:05 AM, Peter Humphrey  wrote:
>
> Following today's marking of gummiboot as to be deleted in a month, I had a
> look at efibootmgr in the wiki pages. It looks as though I'll be able to use
> it instead, but one thing puzzles me: is it possible to create a set of
> configs for several kernels, the way gummiboot does in
> /boot/loader/entries/*.conf? Actually, I'd also like to specify each of two
> kernel versions with three different command lines to start different run
> levels.

You can create multiple entries with efibootmgr but you'll have to
boot to your firmware to choose a non-default option.

Re: [gentoo-user] What's happened to gentoo-sources?

[Tom H]

On Sun, Aug 21, 2016 at 10:50 AM, Rich Freeman  wrote:
> On Sun, Aug 21, 2016 at 10:23 AM, Peter Humphrey  
> wrote:
>>
>> Well, according to eix, there's only 4.4.19 between 4.1.30 and 4.7.2.
>
> Those are just the versions packaged for Gentoo.
>
> kernel.org has 4.4.19 as the only non-EOL version in-between, and it
> is longterm (I think 4.7 is too, but it isn't marked as such yet).

4.9:

https://plus.google.com/+gregkroahhartman/posts/DjCWwSo7kqY

Re: [gentoo-user] 2 MTA at the same host

[Tom H]

On Mon, Aug 8, 2016 at 7:56 AM, Neil Bothwick  wrote:
> On Mon, 8 Aug 2016 15:40:45 +0500, Azamat Hackimov wrote:
>>
>> You know, this is very unusual configuration. I don't even can imagine
>> why you need both of them.
>>
>> In order to resolve mutual block, you need to remove "!mail-mta/postfix"
>> and "!mail-mta/exim" strings from RDEPEND in both packages. Don't
>> forget to place modified ebuilds to local overlay.
>
> That's not enough. Both ebuilds install sendmail, so you'll also have to
> deal with file collisions, or modify one of the ebuild to not install
> sendmail. The latter is probably the better option.

On RHEL, if you co-install sendmail and postfix (exim isn't in the
regular repo; it must be in EPEL since it's in Fedora), /sbin/sendmail
is a symlink to /etc/alternatives/mta and /etc/alternatives/mta is a
symlink to /sbin/sendmail.sendmail or /sbin/sendmail.postfix, with a
similar setup for the sendmail man page. But their startup
scripts/units conflict and have to be modified to be co-runnable.

Re: [gentoo-user] Re: MBR & GPT dual compliant format

[Tom H]

On Tue, Jul 26, 2016 at 8:10 AM, Artur Zych <artur.z...@gmail.com> wrote:
> 26 lip 2016 10:29 "Tom H" <tomh0...@gmail.com> napisał(a):
>> On Tue, Jul 26, 2016 at 2:56 AM, Artur Zych <artur.z...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> If you're using GPT disk and want to use uefi then you can just create
>>> one efi partition (should be around 200-500mb (depends if you're
>>> planning on using multiple systems on the same disk) - this will hold
>>> .efi files for all your systems as well as the bootloader.
>>>
>>> I you're using GTP but want to stick to MBR, then you create 1MB
>>> partition to hold the boot loader, then /boot and the rest.
>>>
>>> About the 100MB EFI-partition: it's a Microsoft recommendation:
>>> https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/EFI_System_Partition, read the
>>> "create the partition" section.
>>
>> Please bottom-post.
>>
>> The OP wants a partition scheme for both "standard" and efi firmware,
>> so he wants an EF02 (gdisk name) of 1MB and an EF00 (also gdisk name).
>>
>> The OP wanted the EF02 to be mounted as "/boot" so it has to be larger
>> than 100MB in order to accomodate multiple kernels (and possibly
>> initramfs "thingies" as they're sometimes called here).
>
> Then the OP is lucky as the handbook describes this exact scheme the OP
> wants. Only one adjusment should be considered - I would recommend around
> 500 MB for /boot if the OP wants to use multiple systems and if
> disk space is of no special concern.

I haven't looked at the handbook for a long time but I hope that it
doesn't recommend creating both of these partitions by default. It
doesn't make sense for a default setup.

Re: [gentoo-user] Re: MBR & GPT dual compliant format

[Tom H]

On Tue, Jul 26, 2016 at 9:54 AM, Neil Bothwick <n...@digimed.co.uk> wrote:
> On 26 July 2016 10:29:08 CEST, Tom H <tomh0...@gmail.com> wrote:
>> On Tue, Jul 26, 2016 at 2:56 AM, Artur Zych <artur.z...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> If you're using GPT disk and want to use uefi then you can just create
>>> one efi partition (should be around 200-500mb (depends if you're
>>> planning on using multiple systems on the same disk) - this will hold
>>> .efi files for all your systems as well as the bootloader.
>>>
>>> I you're using GTP but want to stick to MBR, then you create 1MB
>>> partition to hold the boot loader, then /boot and the rest.
>>>
>>> About the 100MB EFI-partition: it's a Microsoft recommendation:
>>> https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/EFI_System_Partition, read the
>>> "create the partition" section.
>>
>> Please bottom-post.
>>
>> The OP wants a partition scheme for both "standard" and efi firmware,
>> so he wants an EF02 (gdisk name) of 1MB and an EF00 (also gdisk name).
>>
>> The OP wanted the EF02 to be mounted as "/boot" so it has to be
>> larger than 100MB in order to accomodate multiple kernels (and
>> possibly initramfs "thingies" as they're sometimes called here).
>
> It's the ESP (EF00) that can be used as /boot, EF02 is a special
> partition that should exist but not be used.

Good catch.

I no longer have my initial email but it looks like I also screwed up
my first para and emailed it unfinished; somehow.

Re: [gentoo-user] Re: MBR & GPT dual compliant format

[Tom H]

On Tue, Jul 26, 2016 at 2:56 AM, Artur Zych  wrote:
>
> If you're using GPT disk and want to use uefi then you can just create
> one efi partition (should be around 200-500mb (depends if you're
> planning on using multiple systems on the same disk) - this will hold
> .efi files for all your systems as well as the bootloader.
>
> I you're using GTP but want to stick to MBR, then you create 1MB
> partition to hold the boot loader, then /boot and the rest.
>
> About the 100MB EFI-partition: it's a Microsoft recommendation:
> https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/EFI_System_Partition, read the
> "create the partition" section.

Please bottom-post.

The OP wants a partition scheme for both "standard" and efi firmware,
so he wants an EF02 (gdisk name) of 1MB and an EF00 (also gdisk name).

The OP wanted the EF02 to be mounted as "/boot" so it has to be larger
than 100MB in order to accomodate multiple kernels (and possibly
initramfs "thingies" as they're sometimes called here).

Re: [gentoo-user] nfsv4 issues

[Tom H]

On Sun, Jul 24, 2016 at 3:37 AM, Adam Carter  wrote:


> I've added the directory, and after restarting syslog now has new entries;
>>
>> kernel: [912267.948883] NFSD: Using /var/lib/nfs/v4recovery as the NFSv4
>> state recovery directory
>> kernel: NFSD: Using /var/lib/nfs/v4recovery as the NFSv4 state recovery
>> directory
>>
>> I will test shortly and report back - thanks!
>
> Confirmed - this fixes the 30 second delay.

Good.


> Should i log a bug for these issues?

If I were you, I'd definitely file a bug reports against nfs-utils for:

1) the creation of "/var/lib/nfs/v4recovery/" when systemd is pid 1;

2) the systemd unit compatible envvars.

Re: [gentoo-user] nfsv4 issues

[Tom H]

On Fri, Jul 22, 2016 at 8:22 PM, Adam Carter  wrote:


 Does "/var/lib/nfs/v4recovery/" exist?
>>>
>>> No
>>> # ls /var/lib/nfs/
>>> etab export-lock rmtab rpc_pipefs sm sm.bak state xtab
>>
>> IIRC, it's needed to avoid this delay. I thought that I'd saved a url
>> about this but I can't find it.
>>
>> Do you have a syslog message about "stable storage"? "man nfsdcltrack".
>
> There's no message about stable storage, but there's this;
> kernel: [578030.628415] NFSD: the nfsdcld client tracking upcall will be
> removed in 3.10. Please transition to using nfsdcltrack.

It's from

https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/1730241/


> # which nfsdcltrack
> which: no nfsdcltrack in
> (/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/opt/bin:/usr/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/gcc-bin/5.4.0:/usr/lib64/subversion/bin:/opt/vmware/bin)
> # qlist nfs | grep nfsdcltrack
> #

It depends on the nfs-utils USE settings:

# qlist -U nfs-utils
net-fs/nfs-utils (libmount nfsdcld nfsidmap nfsv4 nfsv41)

# qfile $(which nfsdcltrack)
net-fs/nfs-utils (/sbin/nfsdcltrack)


>> The openrc script has
>>
>> 
>> mkdir_nfsdirs() {
>> local d
>> for d in v4recovery v4root ; do
>> d="/var/lib/nfs/${d}"
>> [ ! -d "${d}" ] && mkdir -p "${d}"
>> done
>> }
>> 
>>
>> but systemd doesn't have anything equivalent. On RHEL and Ubuntu,
>> "/var/lib/nfs/v4recovery/" is created at installation time. Perhaps
>> the Gentoo ebuild should do the same or should ship a
>> "/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/var-lib-nfs.conf" to create it at boot if it
>> doesn't exist.
>
> I've added the directory, and after restarting syslog now has new entries;
> kernel: [912267.948883] NFSD: Using /var/lib/nfs/v4recovery as the NFSv4
> state recovery directory
> kernel: NFSD: Using /var/lib/nfs/v4recovery as the NFSv4 state recovery
> directory
>
> I will test shortly and report back - thanks!

Good luck. You're welcome.

Re: [gentoo-user] nfsv4 issues

[Tom H]

On Wed, Jul 20, 2016 at 10:51 PM, Adam Carter  wrote:


>> I don't use systemd on Gentoo but for the nfs-utils upstream-shipped
>> systemd units that I think that Gentoo's using, you have to re-run
>> nfs-config.service - or run the script that it calls - in order to
>> update the "/run/sysconfig/nfs-utils" environment file that's sourced
>> by the nfs-server.service unit.
>
> In /usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service
> [Service]
> EnvironmentFile=/etc/conf.d/nfs

Sorry. Looking at the ebuild, there's:


rm "${D}$(systemd_get_unitdir)"/nfs-config.service || die
sed -i -r \
-e "/^EnvironmentFile=/s:=.*:=${EPREFIX}/etc/conf.d/nfs:" \
-e '/^(After|Wants)=nfs-config.service$/d' \
-e 's:/usr/sbin/rpc.statd:/sbin/rpc.statd:' \
"${D}$(systemd_get_unitdir)"/* || die


so the upstream "nfs-config.service" waltz is avoided.

But that means that the variables in "/etc/conf.d/nfs" aren't renamed.
So the openrc nfs script uses "${OPTS_RPC_NFSD}", which is defined,
and the systemd service uses "$RPCNFSDARGS", which isn't.


>> Does "/var/lib/nfs/v4recovery/" exist?
>
> No
> # ls /var/lib/nfs/
> etab export-lock rmtab rpc_pipefs sm sm.bak state xtab

IIRC, it's needed to avoid this delay. I thought that I'd saved a url
about this but I can't find it.

Do you have a syslog message about "stable storage"? "man nfsdcltrack".

The openrc script has


mkdir_nfsdirs() {
local d
for d in v4recovery v4root ; do
d="/var/lib/nfs/${d}"
[ ! -d "${d}" ] && mkdir -p "${d}"
done
}


but systemd doesn't have anything equivalent. On RHEL and Ubuntu,
"/var/lib/nfs/v4recovery/" is created at installation time. Perhaps
the Gentoo ebuild should do the same or should ship a
"/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/var-lib-nfs.conf" to create it at boot if it
doesn't exist.

Re: [gentoo-user] nfsv4 issues

[Tom H]

On Tue, Jul 19, 2016 at 12:49 AM, Adam Carter  wrote:
>
> I'm trying to troubleshoot a newly setup nfs server, which, sometimes has a
> 30 second pause (tcpdump shows its server waiting).
>
> # time touch /usr/portage/distfiles/testfile
>
> real0m30.088s
> user0m0.000s
> sys 0m0.001s
>
> I cant see anything in the nfs server debugging so i want to strace nfsd.
> First i tell it to use single thread so i know i;m stracing the correct
> thread, but;
>
> # grep OPTS_RPC_NFSD nfs
> #OPTS_RPC_NFSD="8 -N2 -V 3 -V 4 -V 4.1"
> OPTS_RPC_NFSD="1 -N2 -V 3 -V 4 -V 4.1"
> # systemctl restart nfs-server
> # pgrep -lf nfsd
> 23546 nfsd4_callbacks
> 23548 nfsd
> 23549 nfsd
> 23550 nfsd
> 23551 nfsd
> 23552 nfsd
> 23553 nfsd
> 23554 nfsd
> 23555 nfsd
>
> So its not respecting the nproc setting. Any ideas? I also tried changing
> EXPORTFS_TIMEOUT= since its currently set at 30. It didnt help, but perhaps
> that's because its being ignored too.

Are the nfsd versions that you're setting being respected? You can
check with "rpcinfo -s" or "cat /proc/fs/nfsd/versions".

You can change the number of threads on the fly with "echo 1 >
/proc/fs/nfsd/threads".

I don't use systemd on Gentoo but for the nfs-utils upstream-shipped
systemd units that I think that Gentoo's using, you have to re-run
nfs-config.service - or run the script that it calls - in order to
update the "/run/sysconfig/nfs-utils" environment file that's sourced
by the nfs-server.service unit.

Does "/var/lib/nfs/v4recovery/" exist?

Does adding the client to "/etc/hosts" - or to your reverse dns zone -
eliminate the delay?

Re: [gentoo-user] booting - I don't anystand how the (Linux) world works anymore

[Tom H]

On Sat, Jun 25, 2016 at 4:24 PM, Helmut Jarausch <jarau...@skynet.be> wrote:
> On 06/25/2016 10:19:12 PM, Tom H wrote:
>>
>> You can use "root=PARTUUID=partuuid" where
>>
>> on an msdos-labeled disk:
>>
>> # findmnt / -o TARGET,SOURCE,PARTUUID
>> TARGET SOURCEPARTUUID
>> /  /dev/sda1 0006c8d7-01
>>
>> on a gpt-labeled disk:
>>
>> # findmnt / -o TARGET,SOURCE,PARTUUID
>> TARGET SOURCEPARTUUID
>> /  /dev/sda3 41e9268f-484a-43e2-ae81-54d8c84119e0
>
> Yes, thanks, that did it,

You're welcome.

The
ENV{ID_PART_ENTRY_UUID}=="?*",
SYMLINK+="disk/by-partuuid/$env{ID_PART_ENTRY_UUID}"
udev rule creates symlinks under "/dev/disk/by-partuuid/".

There's no need for findmnt :)

Re: [gentoo-user] booting - I don't anystand how the (Linux) world works anymore

[Tom H]

On Sat, Jun 25, 2016 at 2:33 PM, Helmut Jarausch  wrote:
>
> I'm a dino since I still use grub-1 but I prefer recent kernels (currently
> 4.70-rc4)
>
> I don't understand the 'root=' option on the boot line like
> kernel /boot/vmlinuz-4.7.0-rc4 root=/dev/sda1
>
> Here my bad experience:
>
> Having booted by SystemRescueCD from the cdrom device, my root device is
> labelled /dev/sda1
> BUT trying to use that on the kernel boot line fails (the kernel cannot
> find the root file system)
>
> By trial and error I've found that I have to use root=/dev/sdb1
>
> but if I plug in an external drive (via USB) this doesn't work any more.
>
> So, I came up with root=UUID=uuid_number of the root file system.
>
> But to my surprise I now got a kernel panic
> syncing: VFS: unable to mount root fs on unknown block(0,0)
>
> So, please tell me what I'm missing?

Are you using an initramfs? You can't use "root=UUID=uuid" if you don't.

You can use "root=PARTUUID=partuuid" where

on an msdos-labeled disk:

# findmnt / -o TARGET,SOURCE,PARTUUID
TARGET SOURCEPARTUUID
/  /dev/sda1 0006c8d7-01

on a gpt-labeled disk:

# findmnt / -o TARGET,SOURCE,PARTUUID
TARGET SOURCEPARTUUID
/  /dev/sda3 41e9268f-484a-43e2-ae81-54d8c84119e0

Re: [gentoo-user] gnome 3 and wifi credentials

[Tom H]

On Tue, Jun 21, 2016 at 3:57 AM, Stefan G. Weichinger  wrote:
>
> Does anyone have a pointer to where Gnome 3 (3.20 in my case) stores my
> wifi credentials?
>
> I would love to sync that over to my new laptop without re-entering PSKs
> at customers.

Unless Gnome changes the default (which I doubt), it's

/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/

Re: [gentoo-user] Gentoo is supporting officially Snap packages?

[Tom H]

On Sun, Jun 19, 2016 at 5:03 PM, Andreas K. Huettel
 wrote:
>
> Gentoo support for Snap is roughly as "official" as RedHat/Fedora support.
>
> See also
> https://www.happyassassin.net/2016/06/16/on-snappy-and-flatpak-business-as-usual-in-the-canonical-propaganda-department/
>
> Quoting from there:
> "The sum total of communication between Canonical and Fedora before the
> release of this press release was that they mailed us asking about the process
> of packaging snappy for Fedora, and we told them about the main packaging
> process and COPR. They certainly did not in any way inform Fedora that they
> were going to send out a press release strongly implying that Fedora, along
> with every other distro in the world, was now a happy traveler on the Snappy
> bandwagon."

By a Gnome dev on fedora-devel@:


Just for the record... the Softpedia article doesn't actually say
"Canonical state that they have been working with Fedora developers to
make this the universal packaging format." It does say they've been
"working for some time with developers from various major GNU/Linux
distributions" and that "the Snap package format is working natively on
popular GNU/Linux operating systems like [...] Fedora [...]," so it's
clear why there was confusion, but it doesn't say that they've been
working with Fedora specifically.


There's one thing that's not addressed in the marketing and that's
Snap's are secure on Ubuntu because it uses AppArmor - and I've read a
post that said that they've patched AppArmor specifically to contain
Snaps better but I can't find that reference.

Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Gentoo is supporting officially Snap packages?

[Tom H]

On Thu, Jun 16, 2016 at 11:25 PM, J.  wrote:


> They say it's not a GNOME thing only, but born in the GNOME project,
> Quote from their FAQ:
>
> "Is Flatpak tied to GNOME?
>
> No. While Flatpak has been developed by people with a long involvement
> in the GNOME community it is not tied to any desktop. In fact, it was
> designed with the explicit goal of allowing it to build applications
> using any library stack or programming language an application author
> might want."

Marketing's-speak is marketing speak...

AFAIK, the only current implementation of a GUI from which to install
a Flatpak is Gnome Software, with KDE apparently working on something
similar.

So, unless you want to download a file and double-click on it, it's
Gnome for now and KDE soon.


> The flatpak packages take less space because there's a separation
> between runtimes and applications, with the runtime(s) containing many
> of the libraries/packages required by an application, and intended to
> be used by many of these, and the application package only containing
> the remaining required libraries, or maybe only the app, so it could
> reduce but not eliminate the problem previously discussed of
> dependencies being left unmaintained and not upgraded with security
> fixes. IMHO Flatpak seems a better option than Snap, and certainly
> reducing file system and device access is a good thing about both, but
> with these advantages some other problems are created, so it's a trade-
> off.

If you start relying on too many libraries in the runtimes, you end up
with the same "problem" as non-Flatpak, non-Snap packages.


> Maybe we will see Snaps/Flatpaks of popular proprietary software that's
> only available for Windows and MacOS right now that has no real FOSS
> competitor e.g. AutoCAD and family, I often hear the excuse of these
> vendors not supporting Linux because of the many distributions. Getting
> LibreCAD to the level of AutoCAD would take a decade or more at the
> pace it is going, right know it reminds me of AutoCAD 2004, and it
> isn't even a that level.

Linus has complained that the dive software that he created had
nightly or weekly (I forget) builds for macOS and Windows but not for
Linux because of the multitude of distributions. So he and those now
maintaining that app'll be happy.

Re: [gentoo-user] Re: Gentoo is supporting officially Snap packages?

[Tom H]

On Thu, Jun 16, 2016 at 7:40 PM, José Maldonado <josemal...@gmail.com> wrote:
> El 16/06/16 a las 13:32, Tom H escribió:
>>
>> When I first saw this, I thought "strange, maybe if Gentoo develops an
>> 'esnap' in order to build the container-package locally" but then I
>> remembered that we have docker and lxc/lxd, so why not another method?
>
> That is possible, but the goal is to serve Snap container for
> applications that can be downloaded and used by the user, down a single
> binary that will have all the dependencies in that binary. Docker and
> LXC obviously can do this, but its scope and possibilities are much
> larger and are not addressed within the scope of normal user of a PC.

With docker/lxc/lxd, you can use your own images so you should be able
to do so with snap. You lose the ability simply to add a repo and pull
an image from it.


>> When Flatpak's ready, someone'll make it available and/or package it.
>
> Flatpak is ready for use now.

Not fully.

>From fedora-devel@:


> Isn't flatpak in gnome-software pushed back to F25 ?

It partly supports Flatpak in F24. You can manage already installed
apps, but you still need to use flatpak command to install them. In
F25, you will be able to just download .flatpak file, double-click it
and Software will install it and set its repo.


and


I think that once the full sandboxing / portal system is in place,
there _will_ be a tangible reason to prefer Flatpak.



>> [AFAIK, Flatpak's for GUI apps accessed via Gnome Software so it's not
>> quite a Snap competitor.]
>
> Flatpak and Snap, have GUI and command-line. In addition, Flatpak
> packages weigh less than their counterparts Snap, and right now several
> free software projects officially support it, including LibreOffice.

i wasn't referring to the "installer." The Flatpak intention's to
package GUI apps only.