RE: DC PSU for conducted immunity testing to EN61000-4-6

2003-09-24 Thread Chris Chileshe

Group

After reading Ray's reply, I realise I had written LISN instead
of CDN. Kindly replace LISN with CDN in my original posting.

Rgds



From:   r...@rpgarner.freeserve.co.uk [SMTP:r...@rpgarner.freeserve.co.uk]
Sent:   Wednesday, September 24, 2003 1:39 PM
To: Chris Chileshe; emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Re: DC PSU for conducted immunity testing to EN61000-4-6

Chris,
I would suggest you need to change your test house. A good test house would 
already have power supplies available fed via filters to the test bench. 
 They would also have ambient measurement information available to proof 
that their power supply was suitable for testing.  I am also somewhat 
surprised that you make no reference to an ambient test having been 
performed on your set up.
Also contrary to popular belief LISNs are not filters they only purpose is 
to provide a known impedance.
I have in the past seen test houses cause more problems than they solve by 
not checking or using correct test set ups.

Ray Garner
EMC Consultant WRSL




Message date : Sep 24 2003, 12:19 PM
From : Chris Chileshe
To : emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Copy to :
Subject : DC PSU for conducted immunity testing to EN61000-4-6

Group,

After quite a struggle to get a product through conducted immunity
tests (clamp method), I finally discovered that the weak link in the
chain was in fact my laboratory power supply which I have been
taking along with me to a nearby test house.

The problem remained undetected for a number of reasons, not
least that I had used the same setup before at a different test
house using their PSU ( Solartron ASxxx) and had better results,
but mostly because we were using a small chamber dedicated to
conducted immunity tests and using a camera to monitor the
behaviour of the EUT behind closed doors and not keeping an eye
on the PSU.

When we eventually tracked the anomalous behaviour of the
EUT to the PSU, we tried LISNs and a different PSU both of
which improved the test results significantly but the outcome
was still not good enough from a product compliance point of
view.

Question 1: Is anyone aware of a power supply suitable for
this type of testing? The EUT draws a maximum of 30mA
at 12VDC. I have been unable to find any Solartron PSUs on
the web; probably long discontinued.

Question 2: Has anyone tried to build a filter for this sort of
thing and would this be the way to go?

Best regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd
- UK

(O.O.O.)




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DC PSU for conducted immunity testing to EN61000-4-6

2003-09-24 Thread Chris Chileshe

Group,

After quite a struggle to get a product through conducted immunity
tests (clamp method), I finally discovered that the weak link in the 
chain was in fact my laboratory power supply which I have been 
taking along with me to a nearby test house.

The problem remained undetected for a number of reasons, not 
least that I had used the same setup before at a different test 
house using their PSU ( Solartron ASxxx) and had better results, 
but mostly because we were using a small chamber dedicated to 
conducted immunity tests and using a camera to monitor the 
behaviour of the EUT behind closed doors and not keeping an eye 
on the PSU.  

When we eventually tracked the anomalous behaviour of the 
EUT to the PSU, we tried LISNs and a different PSU both of
which improved the test results significantly but the outcome 
was still not good enough from a product compliance point of 
view. 

Question 1: Is anyone aware of a power supply suitable for 
this type of testing? The EUT draws a maximum of 30mA
at 12VDC. I have been unable to find any Solartron PSUs on
the web; probably long discontinued.

Question 2: Has anyone tried to build a filter for this sort of
thing and would this be the way to go? 

Best regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd
- UK

(O.O.O.)




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RE: Was Lightning Surge Characterization/Standards THANKS

2003-08-08 Thread Chris Chileshe

Ed writes ..

 Once again, John forces me to resort to deep references.

You and me both! 

  However, I'm relieved, as I thought he implied that your 
 name was horse-like

Ditto! And the relief was felt here too once a dictionary had been 
consulted. Everything should be back to normal once I phone mother
and tell her I didn't mean any of the things I said last night about her
choice of names.

I guess this is the part where I sit back and wait for the Out-of-office
replies while looking around for any excuse to use epicene to stun 
someone else in the office (preferably middle management) into using 
a dictionary. I guess I got comfortable with 'unisex'.

Rgds

- ChrisTOPHER

p/s John writes ..

 I don't recall any post recently that indicates a female source.

Interesting observation.



From:   Price, Ed [SMTP:ed.pr...@cubic.com]
Sent:   Thursday, August 07, 2003 7:07 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:RE: Lightning Surge Characterization/Standards THANKS



-Original Message-
From: John Woodgate [mailto:j...@jmwa.demon.co.uk]
Sent: Thursday, August 07, 2003 9:23 AM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject: Re: Lightning Surge Characterization/Standards THANKS



I read in !emc-pstc that Chris Chileshe chris.chile...@ultronics.com
wrote (in 01c35ce5.8dbac680.chris.chile...@ultronics.com) about
'Lightning Surge Characterization/Standards THANKS' on Thu, 7 Aug 2003:

Err.. should that read Ladies and Gentlemen?

There may well be some ladies who are members of the group, but I don't
recall any post recently that indicates a female source.

Of course, your name is epicene



Once again, John forces me to resort to deep references. However, I'm
relieved, as I thought he implied that your name was horse-like.

For mere mortals:

Main Entry: ep.i.cene
Pronunciation: 'e-p-sEn
Function: adjective
Etymology: Middle English, from Latin epicoenus, from Greek epikoinos, from
epi- + koinos common
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date: 15th century
1 of a noun : having but one form to indicate either sex
2 a : having characteristics typical of the other sex : INTERSEXUAL b :
EFFEMINATE
3 : lacking characteristics of either sex
- epicene noun
- ep.i.cen.ism /-sE-ni-zm, e-p-'/ noun

Regards,

Ed


Ed Price
ed.pr...@cubic.com WB6WSN
NARTE Certified EMC Engineer  Technician
Electromagnetic Compatibility Lab
Cubic Defense Systems
San Diego, CA  USA
858-505-2780  (Voice)
858-505-1583  (Fax)
Military  Avionics EMC Is Our Specialty




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RE: Automotive Directive

2003-05-16 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi Bob,

You wrote ..

 I have a copy of the Directive 95/54/EEC on order.

Unless things have changed from when I last looked,
one should be able to download the directive from sources 
such as http://www.europa.eu.int

On naming, unlike the other directives, it ends in EC rather 
than EEC i.e. 95/54/EC

 The Directive only contains tests for broadband emissions, 
 narrowband emissions, and radiated immunity.

True. 

It sets limits for emissions based on ... CISPR 12 I think ..
and sets the radiated immunity level at 24V/m, so a general
test level of 30V/m is the norm. 

  No tests exist for conducted emissions, immunity to transients,
  or ESD.

True.

 Do (or can) auto manufacturers require tests outside of 
 the Automotive Directive?

Yes. And they do. Almost invariably, depending on the product. 
This is because the directive covers all equipment used in vehicles 
but makes no distinction between safety critical control-related 
equipment such as ABS, Steering, Engine management and less 
critical equipment like car stereos.

That it doesn't address the power supply transients has been 
deemed a shortcoming by some but has been defended by others 
in some circles where arguments such as the equipment could 
be self powered have been presented.

The Agricultural and Forestry vehicle manufacturers will often insist
you apply EN ISO 14982, which covers the requirements of the 
directive but includes the 'missing' tests. Individual manufacturers
then begin placing restrictions on how much quiescent current draw
your equipment is allowed to draw in 'stand-by'.

Often, it is best to think through how, when, where and by whom 
the equipment will be connected, and then devise a complete 
approvals strategy based on this info but I am sure you know all
this. 

In addition to including the additional tests, vehicle manufacturers
may also require higher stress levels for radiated immunity. 50V/m 
and 100V/m are common examples, and the conducted immunity 
spectrum often extends down from 30Mhz to audio frequencies. 

Best regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd

(Own Opinions Only .. etc)

 


From:   rehel...@mmm.com [SMTP:rehel...@mmm.com]
Sent:   Friday, May 16, 2003 10:50 AM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Automotive Directive


I have a copy of the Directive 95/54/EEC on order. Can anyone tell me if
the following are true:

The Directive only contains tests for broadband emissions, narrowband
emissions, and radiated immunity.
No tests exist for conducted emissions, immunity to transients, or ESD.

Do (or can) auto manufacturers require tests outside of the Automotive
Directive?

Thanks in advance,
Bob Heller
3M EMC Laboratory, 76-1-01
St. Paul, MN 55107-1208
Tel:  651- 778-6336
Fax:  651-778-6252
===



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RE: CE or e-mark? Was pls help me

2003-05-08 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi Zhang,

If the product is meant for use on vehicles, then you should
have it 'e'- marked.

The appropriate EMC directive for the e-mark is 95/54/EC and
should be available on the internet free. 

Depending on the what the lamp is for, there may be additional
requirements in the SAE standards. 

To the best of my knowledge, the directive does not require 
conducted emissions to be performed but some vehicle 
manufacturers may insist on it as the directive appears to
have a number of shortcomings, which I am told are being 
addressed.

Best regards

- Chris Chileshe

---
(Own Opinions Only etc etc)



From:   qiaofeng.zh...@nb.chn.tuv.com [SMTP:qiaofeng.zh...@nb.chn.tuv.com]
Sent:   Thursday, May 08, 2003 5:52 AM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:pls help me 


There is a fluorescent lamp luminaire used in cars which is to be
certification.My questions is can it only apply for emc-ce or it shall
apply for E-mark and I also want to know the standards of this produce  for
EMC and E-mark respectively.
thanks for any feedback.



Zhang qiaofeng





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Medical grade PSU and Grounding techniques

2003-04-07 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hello group,

I am a novice to medical grade electrical equipment requirements
so it is quite likely my query is one that has received responses
on this forum time and time again. You will be pleased to note that 
I received the 'relevant sections' of the standard EN 60601 this 
morning, and the Forklift truck that dropped them off has left the 
premises (so I jest, but they might as well have been delivered by
Forklift!.. I didn't realise the standard was that size! ).

Query

Are there any UL standards I should be looking at in conjunction 
with EN 60601?

I have been looking at commercially available medical grade PSU's
and I find the 5-way DIN connector extensively used. Is this the
preferred connector? If so which standard should I be looking at to 
design the mating part? If not, is there a section of the standard 
which recommends connector types?

The 5-way DIN connector from different manufacturers appears to have
the same pin assignments. Is the metallic ring around the pins assigned
a function such as Earth etc? No manufacturer I have looked at seems
to have this explained.

If the ring around the 5-way DIN is not used for earthing (grounding) 
is there a requirement for DC powered equipment to be earthed, and if
so, how is this achieved? 

I need to include an indicator (l.e.d.) for a 'power on' condition. Does
EN 60601-1, Clause 6.7 apply ( i.e. Red, Yellow, Green and other
for such a function )?.

Your help is much appreciated, and thanx in advance.

Best regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd

(Own views only etc etc)



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RE: surge Z?

2003-03-27 Thread Chris Chileshe


It is always a good idea to have a copy of the standard.

If it is DC/DC converter, you might find some of the footnotes in
the generic immunity standards such as EN 61000-6-2 useful.

Example [paraphrased]:

Apparatus with a d.c. power input port intended for use with an
ac-dc power adaptor shall be tested on the ac power input of
the power adaptor specified by the manufacturer, or where none
is so specified, using a typical ac-dc power adaptor. The surge test
is not applicable to dc power input ports intended to be permanently
connected to cables less than 10m

There are other notes addressing testing of signal lines.

Regards

- Chris Chileshe
(own views etc etc)



From:   drcuthbert [SMTP:drcuthb...@micron.com]
Sent:   Thursday, March 20, 2003 5:15 PM
To: 'jrbar...@iglou.com'; drcuthbert; emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:RE: surge Z?


Thanks to everyone for the numbers. To clarify, the device is a DC/DC 
converter. We will be applying the surge to the DC input and to the DC 
output. I have ordered EN 61000-4-5 to get the details.

   Dave


From: John Barnes [mailto:jrbar...@iglou.com]
Sent: Thursday, March 20, 2003 9:45 AM
To: drcuthbert; emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject: Re: surge Z?


Dave,
Section 6.1 of EN 61000-4-5:1995 says the generator has an effective
output impedance of 2 ohms.

John Barnes KS4GL, PE, NCE, ESDC Eng., SM IEEE
dBi Corporation
http://www.dbicorporation.com/


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RE: Help wanted with succinct subject description for non-specialists

2003-03-27 Thread Chris Chileshe

Richard asks..

 My questions to the list are: What are your experiences of 
 producing similar material? How well was it received and what
 is your advice for people producing similar text?

Always a difficult (but absolutely essential) task I find. You may
have to stand in front of the audience with visual aids and an adequate
supply of examples of EMC horrors to keep their attention. If the 
marketing manager's attention begins to fail them, mention litigation.

If you must explain the certification process, list the various 
(numerous) tests that go into the process, distinguishing between 
them and the severity levels used (e.g. V/m for RI, kV for ESD etc) 

It always helps to explain clearly that mitigation usually requires
a combination of electrical and mechanical measures. This makes 
the mechanical engineers sit up.

Once you have taken them through it, you will find they are better 
disposed to read and understand the written work. 

Try not to be too simplistic, otherwise you will despair when after a 
seemingly successful presentation, you start hearing phrases like 
EMC rating of 30V/m. You may have to patiently point out that 
the unit V/m does not refer to all EMC tests. You might want to make
a note of repeat offenders at this stage and run a 3-strikes and you're
out policy, ably implemented with an ESD gun and strategically 
located ground plane. Should you run such a policy, beware
of any fluid dynamics presentations to which the repeat offenders
might invite you!

Good luck, and remember, it is a worthwhile undertaking!

Best regards

- Chris Chileshe



From:   King, Richard [SMTP:richard.k...@uk.thalesgroup.com]
Sent:   Monday, March 24, 2003 11:07 AM
To: 'emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org'
Subject:Help wanted with succinct subject description for 
non-specialists


Dear all,

I am working on an article about EMC for an internal newsletter. The aim is
to increase awareness of the EMC related projects on which my colleagues and
I are currently engaged. The target audience is largely composed of
engineers specialising in other subject areas (software, systems and
hardware), managers and support staff.

 snip 



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RE: Books on Intrinsic safety and ATEX - thanx.

2002-11-22 Thread Chris Chileshe


Group,

Thank you everyone for your replies and pointers.
As usual, your advice has been well informed and most useful.

Best regards

- Chris

-Original Message-
From:   Chris Chileshe [SMTP:chris.chile...@ultronics.com]
Sent:   Thursday, November 14, 2002 1:00 PM
To: 'Emc-Pstc' (E-mail)
Subject:Books on Intrinsic safety and ATEX


Group,

The last response to recommended reading on basic EMC was very
good. 

Are there some recommended texts on application of the intrinsic 
safety standards, designing for I.S. and/or application of the 
directive?

Any thoughts/pointers welcome

Best regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd, UK




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RE: CISPR 22 A1:2000

2002-11-19 Thread Chris Chileshe

Ladies and Gents,

Kindly assign subject headers to your e-mails. It helps with mail sorting
(both manual and auto) and identification of viruses. Mail without a subject
header always looks very suspicious.

Best regards

- Chris


-Original Message-
From:   Pettit, Ghery [SMTP:ghery.pet...@intel.com]
Sent:   Tuesday, November 19, 2002 5:09 AM
To: 'Conway, Patrick R'; 'emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org'
Subject:RE: 


Patrick,

I performed some A/B comparison measurements several years ago when this was
still working its way through CISPR to aid in the determination of the US
vote.  I found that some emissions go down (some by a bunch) and others may
go up when you add the clamps.  You will need to re-test products for Europe
as you can't predict what the change will by just by inspection.

BTW, this amendment to CISPR 22 passed by 1 vote.  The US voted no as the
clamps were not adequately defined in the proposal.

Ghery Pettit
Intel


-Original Message-
From: Conway, Patrick R [mailto:conw...@louisville.stortek.com]
Sent: Monday, November 18, 2002 2:53 PM
To: 'emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org'
Subject: 




All-

 I'd like to know if there are any opinions about...


 It is my understanding the CISPR 22 A1:2000 will require the
use of ferrite clamps during RE tests of table-top equipment.

Has anyone started using these devices during their testing?
Has anyone seen a difference in their test results with the
use of these devices?



Best Regards,

Patrick Conway  NCE
StorageTek
EMC Advisory Engineer
303.661.6391
303.661.6717 (FAX)






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Re: Books on Intrinsic safety and ATEX - summary

2002-11-18 Thread Chris Chileshe


The replies I got and some useful web sources ...

__

The Canadian Standards association published a book Hazardous Locations, A
guide for the design, construction and installation of Electrical Equipment.
It was written Pre-ATEX Directive, and I do not know if it has been updated
since then, but I find that it is a great reference document.
__

... an excellent primer on explosion protection by R. Stahl ..

http://www.rstahl.com/Exprotection/index.htm

Click on the pdf Basics of Explosion Protection for an in depth
look at this subject.  It's about 4.5 Mb.  The answers to your
questions are in there plus a whole lot more.

_

The best resource I know of is Factory Mutual Research,
Most of their standards are free or extremely cheap. And they 
always answer the phone. I am told they also are good with email, 
although I haven't bothered to test that.

_

Consider Intrinsically Safe Instrumentation Guide Robin Garside, 
Hexagon via RS components 907-894.



Web source:

Dr. -Ing. Hans-Jurgen Linstrom
Basic requirements for explosion protection
http://www.bartec.se/pdf/explo.pdf

___

Web source:

CEAG Sicherheitstechnik GmbH
Cooper Crouse-Hinds

Principles of Explosion Protection
http://www.safeexit.dk/files/pdf/Terminologi%20Ex.pdf

___


Adams, J. Maxwell, Electrical Safety - a guide to the causes and prevention
of electrical hazards, The Institution of Electrical Engineers, IEE Power
Series 19, London, 1994 (ISBN 0 85296 806 X)

___


Regards

- Chris



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Books on Intrinsic safety and ATEX

2002-11-14 Thread Chris Chileshe

Group,

The last response to recommended reading on basic EMC was very
good. 

Are there some recommended texts on application of the intrinsic 
safety standards, designing for I.S. and/or application of the 
directive?

Any thoughts/pointers welcome

Best regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd, UK




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RE: STOP-ocoss

2002-11-07 Thread Chris Chileshe


Could this be the Statutory Term of presumption of conformity of superseded
standard?

Of course I jest!

I tried to take the easy way out by splitting up the word and effectively
changing the short form to a phrase Doc of POCOSS but then realised
that was all wrong and intuitively means Document of Presumption of 
Conformity of Superseded Standard.

There is no way out! As people working with international standards, we 
need to be able to correctly pronounce John's word (sorry John, my google
search came up with, not a short list, but exactly one hit ).

It would have been nice to come to some sort of consensus on how the word
is to be pronounced if we are to save face at meetings. It is now just a matter 
of time before the standards themselves carry the word Docopocoss, and 
having not agreed on a pronunciation, we'll find ourselves opting out of public
embarrassment by referring to the cessation date and looking around the table
quickly for some brave soul to risk all by saying out loud Oh! The docopocoss 

I guess Ed's rhyme will have to suffice for now.

Best regards

- Chris



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RE: ENGLISH, STILL OFF TOPIC!

2002-10-28 Thread Chris Chileshe

Ted,

I have just been to the site and agree it is excellent. I cannot believe 
the
many differences! It is almost a wonder we communicate at all!! Once or
twice I went That's why he didn't understand or So that's what she 
meant.
Of course a lot of it can be deduced from context, but there are some 
really
interesting ones there .. but still no 'strangler' under motoring.

- Chris

(UK)

-Original Message-
From:   Ted Rook [SMTP:t...@crestaudio.com]
Sent:   Friday, October 25, 2002 11:37 PM
To: 
Subject:ENGLISH, STILL OFF TOPIC!


The website recommended I think by Jacob earlier at 
http://www.effingpot.com is excellent. I had no idea there were so many 
peculiar 'Bringlish' words and phrases, and I'm speaking as a Brit.
Recommended reading for all, very entertaining and good for Anglo-American 
relations!

Ed, thanks for the Amphibicar pic. Working on it must be a real relief 
after MIL this and ANSI that!.

Best Regards

Ted Rook, Console Engineering, ext 4659

Please note our new location and phone numbers:

Crest Audio Inc, 16-00 Pollitt Drive
Fair Lawn, NJ 07410 USA

201 475 4600 telephone receptionist, 8.30 - 5 pm EST.
201 475 4659 direct line w/voice mail, 24 hrs.
201 475 4677 fax, 24 hrs.



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Baffled by EFT test results (EN61000-4-4)

2002-10-25 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi Group,

So I went ahead and built a test PCB with my inductors and ferrites in PI 
filter formation with capacitors - just like I threatened to do a few months 
ago ( e-mail subject header Designing for low power radiated and conducted
immunity describing a small 3-wire low power DC pressure sensor).

The analog circuit simulating a pressure sensor is simply a 5V regulator 
(LP2985) supplying a AD623 IN-amp monitoring the differential voltage across a
wheatstone bridge (4k7) connected to the same 5V rail. The output then 
simply connects to an Avometer (through a PI filter of course). A variant of 
the 
test PCB doesn't even have the regulator. It is that simple.

I took the PCB through radiated immunity testing to EN 61000-4-3 and met
100V/m, and through conducted immunity testing to EN 61000-4-6 and met
the 10V level.  All tests were done with unscreened cable. I also proved the
protected circuit was susceptible when the filter was removed.

Having decided I had sized my inductors, ferrites and caps appropriately, 
and done the PCB layout correctly, I then proceeded to add small SMT varistors 
for transients to EN 61000-4-4. The test PCB was again good for 2kV. I 
then shuffled the relative positions of the varistors in the circuit (initially 
pre-
PI filter, then post PI filter ) and it didn't seem to make any difference. The
idea was to get some permutations of varistor location and then repeat the
RF immunity tests in case the varistors introduced susceptibility (an
observation I have made in the past). 

I then took the varistors off the board altogether and still the PCB meets the 
2kV stress levels ( I am using the levels of EN 61000-6-2 ). I am not
too keen to raise the stakes to 4kV just now because there are more tests 
I would like to perform on the PCB before I let it go up in smoke.

This is probably the first time I have seen anything get through transients 
testing without any explicit measures to mitigate against failure. Has anyone
experienced this? Is there an explanation for this? 

I have always used varistors almost as a matter of course, so you can understand
my surprise.  

Could it be I have over-designed my RF filter to the point it is good 
enough for the EFTs as well? The caps are only rated for 50V though ( the 
clamping
 voltages of the varistors). 

Could it be the caps are in fact rated for such transients although this may not
be stated explicitly? Should I prolong the exposure of the varistor-free 
circuit at 
2kV to see if I am dealing with delayed failure potentially? I have been 
setting
my burst duration to 1 minute. 

Any pointers?

Regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd




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RE: Testing for dry joints - :)

2002-10-14 Thread Chris Chileshe

Scott asks ..

 So I give up - just what exactly is a dry joint?

Dry joint:

Electrical context: - A solder joint in which the electrical connection
between two conductors has been poorly formed by the solder material;
a consequence of incomplete formation or surfaces not properly wetted 
by the soldering material. Testing for these - as this group has shown - 
can be quite difficult. For more information on this type of dry joint, 
visit http://www.circuitsassembly.com

Glastonbury Context: - Crushed weed or herbs of various descriptions usually 
rolled up in light paper ( tabloid newspapers make excellent wrappers) and used 
exactly like cigarettes. Testing for a dry joint should be done in secrecy
as there are legal connotations associated with their use. In the interest
of keeping this forum blameless, the quest for more information on this type
of joint will be left to the reader.

Rastafarian context: - Sensemelia dat bringz I an' I guud vibes man! Jah be 
prezd! Tess-teeng nat necessary. U av' some',  u gretful, U pass it round, 
U a good frend, but wen U pass it around, keep it an de left 'and side.

Night club context: - A night club that has run out of liquor. Testing for 
these is visual. They will usually have no revelers.

Butcher's context: - Leg of lamb of the Halal variety, dried or well done . 
Testing for these is essential as 'succulent' might be the preferred 
end result of the culinary process.

Surgeon's context: - Quality and effectiveness of lubrication following hip
replacement. Testing inevitable.

Homeless context: - Welcome refuge on rainy nights.

Best regards

- Chris

-Original Message-
From:   Scott Douglas [SMTP:dougl...@naradnetworks.com]
Sent:   Friday, October 11, 2002 8:34 PM
To: Chris Chileshe; emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Re: Testing for dry joints

Chris,

So I give up - just what exactly is a dry joint?

Scott

At 09:55 AM 10/9/2002 +0100, Chris Chileshe wrote:

Hi Group,

Probably not the appropriate forum but here goes anyway.

A colleague is finding numerous problems with subtle dry
joints (partial) between connectors and PCBs and is wondering
if there is a way - short of new procedures in process control - that
dry joints can be tested for?

The specific problem is that the joints appear to be electrically
sound to start with, meaning the units are getting through function
test, but once exposed to endurance (lengthy)  tests or worse
still, actual practical use, the gremlins begin to show. The fault
analysis almost invariably leads to a connector dry joint.

The connectors are rated for 6A DC continuous.

Any ideas how these can be picked up early or what measures you
have in production to eradicate these problems?

Regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd




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RE: requirement for surge and EFT

2002-10-11 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi George,

I haven't got a copy of EN55024, but if it is anything like the format of
EN61000-6-2, then the info you are looking for will appear as 'notes' under 
immunity testing of dc input and output ports will read ...

[EFTs  Surge] Not applicable to input ports intended for connection
 to a battery or a rechargeable battery which must be removed or disconnected
 from the apparatus for recharging. Apparatus with a d.c. power input 
 port intended for use with an ac-dc power adaptor shall be tested on the 
 a.c. power input of the ac-dc power adaptor specified by the manufacturer
 or, where none is specified, using a typical ac-dc power adaptor. The test
 is not applicable to d.c. power input ports intended to be permanently 
 connected to cables less than 10m in length 

This excerpt from BS EN 61000-6-2:1999  Table 3, Note 3.

Not sure if EN55024 has similar statement.

Regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd

-Original Message-
From:   George Stults [SMTP:george.stu...@watchguard.com]
Sent:   Thursday, October 10, 2002 9:13 PM
To: 'emc-p...@ieee.org'
Subject:requirement for surge and EFT


Hello Group,

I am talking with an offshore manufacturer who is suggesting that their CE
marked ITE gear does not have to pass Surge and EFT since it runs off 12Vdc,
normally provided by an AC/DC power supply, which is supplied in the same
package.   They suggest that the AC/DC power supply, but not the ITE, has to
pass Surge, etc.  I'm sure that the whole system has to pass,  but I don't
know chapter and verse to quote.   I suppose the scope should be spelled out
in EN55024 but I don't have a copy of it, yet.

Thanks in advance.

George Stults

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RE: Testing for dry joints - Thank you

2002-10-11 Thread Chris Chileshe


Thank you everyone for your very informed replies on the subject.

'Endurance' and 'use' does indeed involve vibration. The units are used
on off-highway heavy duty vehicles and forklifts. The contacts are not
gold-plated and I am glad I didn't make that clear because the info
forthcoming (Thank you JW) is quite relevant to a second product I 
am working on.

What is clear is that it is best to sort out the process. Saves one a lot
of grief later on.

Your replies have provided the much needed leverage to get process 
control to take responsibility.

Best regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd





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Testing for dry joints

2002-10-09 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi Group,

Probably not the appropriate forum but here goes anyway.

A colleague is finding numerous problems with subtle dry 
joints (partial) between connectors and PCBs and is wondering 
if there is a way - short of new procedures in process control - that
dry joints can be tested for?

The specific problem is that the joints appear to be electrically 
sound to start with, meaning the units are getting through function 
test, but once exposed to endurance (lengthy)  tests or worse 
still, actual practical use, the gremlins begin to show. The fault 
analysis almost invariably leads to a connector dry joint.

The connectors are rated for 6A DC continuous.

Any ideas how these can be picked up early or what measures you
have in production to eradicate these problems?

Regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd




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RE: RADIATED IMMUNITY TESTING ABOVE 1GHz

2002-09-30 Thread Chris Chileshe

Ian wrote ..

   I believe the generic standard EN61000-6-2 refers to 
   testing using pulsed modulation at 900MHz only. 

to which John replies ..

 I can't find any mention of that in EN 61000-6-2.

Agreed. I test to EN 61000-6-2 and I have never come across this 
requirement. I have just been re-reading BS EN 61000:6-2:1999 and
I still can't find this requirement. Was this an error on the part of
the originator in which case I can rest assured my test results and
DoCs are valid?

Regards

- Chris




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RE: Automotive EMC Standards

2002-09-27 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi Robert,

I think you will find ISO 7932 gives general guidance for the enumeration
of Bacillus cereus i.e. microbiology. Only a typo I know, but what a
difference it can make when you actually order the standard! I believe
you meant ISO 7637.

I have never had to design for a cigarette lighter adapter, so somewhat
uncertain about the quality of that supply. The following assumes it is
as noisy as the rest of the vehicle supply.

First, decide if your ESA ( electronic sub-assembly) is meant for use
exclusively in agricultural equipment or in commercial road vehicles. If
the former, apply ISO 14982 as the generic EMC standard. If the latter,
then apply the automotive directive 95/54/EC.

If both, then use the automotive directive making sure that the severity
levels applied are at no point lower than the requirements of ISO 14982.
THEN, ensure that the additional tests called up by ISO 14982 are
included.

ISO 7637-3 should address supply transients in both 12 and 24V systems.
ISO 7637-1 relates to 12V systems and ISO 7637-2 to 24V systems.
These standards cover the vehicle supply system transients, called
automotive test pulses, effectively the equivalents of EFTs,  surge and
voltage dips in generic EMC testing. Take particular note of test pulse 5,
the automotive load dump, which is very severe and has a habit of sending
prototypes up in smoke. Check early if test pulse 4, the cranking pulse, 
will
affect your equipment.

Add to the list ISO TR 10605 for ESD. The levels from when I last checked
are 8kV contact, 15kV air discharge for ESA's accessible only from within
the vehicle, and 25kV for ESA's that can be accessed from outside the
vehicle e.g. through open window. (ISO 11498 may call for lower ESD 
ratings).

Add ISO 11452 for radiated immunity using limits prescribed by
customer, ISO 14982 (agricultural equipment) or automotive directive
(30V/m) in that order of priority. The test frequencies are nominally 
150kHz
to 1Ghz but you will find most vehicle manufacturers insist on tests 
starting at
around 10kHz.

ISO 11452 is in 7 parts, with a general section and 6 test methods, 
including
part 2: Absorber lined chamber, 3: TEM cell, 4: Bulk current injection, 5: 
Stripline,
6: Parallel plate antenna and part 7: Direct RF power injection. Each of 
these
has an applicable frequency range in the spectrum 10kHz-18Ghz with overlap
of course.

SAEJ1113 gives the test setup for coupling of audio-frequency noise and
repeats (and quotes) ISO 7637 and ISO TR 10605. I don't think it is
required by the automotive directive by most vehicle manufacturers will
insist on it.

Add CISPR 25 for conducted emissions ( note: not required by automotive
directive but again vehicle manufacturers might insist).

Add the test method and limits of the automotive directive 95/54/EC for
radiated emissions.

Safety is covered by the SAE standards.

Regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd




-Original Message-
From:   robert.s...@flextronics.com [SMTP:robert.s...@flextronics.com]
Sent:   Friday, September 27, 2002 1:17 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Automotive EMC Standards


We are developing a device which will have a charging adapter using a 12V 
cigarette lighter. What EMC standards for emission and immunity cover such 
devices. We have looked at ISO 7937-2. it seems to cover only 24V 
commercial vehicles. There is a draft version that we do not have, but the 
tile mentions 12 and 24 volt system vehicles.

Can someone please direct us to the correct standard?

Thank you,


Robert Seay
Flextronics Compliance Labs
762 Park Avenue
Youngsville, NC 27596


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RE: Current from Car 12V cigarette lighter socket / 42 VDC

2002-09-20 Thread Chris Chileshe

Jim,

Does equipment intended to be connected to the lighter have to conform
to the automotive transient immunity requirements (ISO 7637/ SAE J1113) 
in its own right i.e. not assume the power to the lighter is a 'clean' supply?

Regards

- Chris

-Original Message-
From:   Jim Eichner [SMTP:jim.eich...@xantrex.com]
Sent:   Thursday, September 19, 2002 7:05 PM
To: 'EMC-PSTC - forum'
Subject:RE: Current from Car 12V cigarette lighter socket / 42 VDC


Well that's the $1M question, isn't it!  

My involvement is tangential at best, but my understanding is that the
effort is not going to be coordinated as a grand simultaneous roll-out.
Rather each mfr of cars, trucks, boats, etc, will get around to it based on
their own needs.  The drivers for this effort vary widely - vehicle
emissions, increased electrical loads, drive-by-wire technology, etc. - and
the 42Vdc agenda for a given mfr is to some extent determined by the agenda
for those features or regulations.  There is much technology still to be
developed and much standardization work still to be done, but the work is
well in progress.

Is there anyone on the forum who has a more inside view of this and can
share some information with us?

In the meantime, have a look at the web.  Searching on 42V can yield a lot
of hits.  Here's one I found that summarizes things a bit:

http://www.sae.org/42volt/dual_higher_sum.pdf

Jim Eichner, P.Eng. 
Manager, Engineering Services 
Xantrex Technology Inc. 
e-mail: jim.eich...@xantrex.com 
web: www.xantrex.com 

Any opinions expressed are those of my invisible friend, who really exists.
Honest.  No really.

Confidentiality Notice: This email message, including any attachments, is
for the sole use of the intended recipient(s) and may contain confidential
and privileged information. Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or
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contact the sender by reply e-mail and destroy all copies of the original
message.






-Original Message-
From: Price, Ed [mailto:ed.pr...@cubic.com]
Sent: Wednesday, September 18, 2002 6:42 PM
To: 'EMC-PSTC - forum'
Subject: RE: Current from Car 12V cigarette lighter socket / 42 VDC

Pardon the slight topic shift, but when will we be seeing 42 VDC automotive
systems? I understand that there has already been some fleet vehicle
production with the 42 VDC standard, but when will it be introduced to the
consumer market?

Regards,

Ed


Ed Price
ed.pr...@cubic.com
Electromagnetic Compatibility Lab
Cubic Defense Systems
San Diego, CA  USA
858-505-2780  (Voice)
858-505-1583  (Fax)
Military  Avionics EMC Is Our Specialty
Shake-Bake-Shock - Metrology - Reliability Analysis

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RE: EMI from heatsinks - humor

2002-09-17 Thread Chris Chileshe

Bill's AutoSignature reads ..


Friends are those people who know the words to the song in your heart and
sing them back to you when you have forgotten the words.
(unattributed)

*** Visit us at www.artesyn.com/cp **

Friends or incompetent surgeons who leave their
minidisc player in your chest after a bypass!




-Original Message-
From:   Fleury, Bill [SMTP:bi...@artesyncp.com]
Sent:   Monday, September 16, 2002 6:18 PM
To: 'rgeorger...@carrieraccess.com'
Cc: 'emc-p...@ieee.org'
Subject:EMI from heatsinks


Richard,

I have three different articles about this subject. I think I found them on
CDs from recent IEEE EMC Symposiums but I don't remember which ones or even
if they were all on the same CD. I saved the files so I can e-mail them to
you if you wish; as I don't think the files are that big. 

Regards,
Bill Fleury

***Artesyn Communication Products, LLC**


Bill Fleury Email: bi...@artesyncp.com
Compliance Engineer Phone: 608-826-8375
8310 Excelsior DriveFax:   608-831-8844
Madison, WI 53717


Friends are those people who know the words to the song in your heart and
sing them back to you when you have forgotten the words.
(unattributed)

*** Visit us at www.artesyn.com/cp **


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RE: Designing for low power conducted and radiated immunity - Thanx

2002-09-02 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi group, 

Thank you everyone for your great responses on the subject.

Sorry I couldn't acknowledge your postings earlier than this and
sorry I haven't acknowledged your postings individually. Had
to go away somewhere - at short notice. Only just returned.

I believe the gist of your responses was that it is a bit of a tall
order to try and get a filter that will let 25kHz signals through
and reject RF at 150kHz. 

To this end, I am thinking I may have to design a separate filter circuit 
for the output while keeping my original filter strategies on the DC lines.
Any fundamental flaws in this reasoning? 

Gert and others raise a few points I would like to comment/pursue/query
etc. Note that I have to assume screened cable is not an option initially
and further that the output it is a PWM square wave with a maximum 
fundamental frequency of 25kHz and not 25kbit.. 

 2/ It has not been proved that the sensor actually
degrades when exposed to the signals.

My fault. I didn't supply you with enough information. I have the 
analog version of the sensor. Before addition of the pi-filters it
was very susceptible. With only LC filtering, it was much better 
but still showed mild susceptibility during conducted immunity 
tests although the radiated immunity was vastly improved. With 
PI filters, it was immune over the full test spectrum 150k-1G.

3/ A CM coil may be applied with a asym signal if certain
conditions are met (esp.  grounding )

I have had bad experiences with trying to use CM chokes on
asym. lines, but you make a point about grounding, so maybe 
worth another look? 

 5/ standard EMI filters of the pi-type will probably
   do the job. I recommend using off the shelve parts available easily.

I have heard conflicting reports on these devices. I have heard from
certain 'well-informed' sources that the SMT PI-filters which one can 
get from the big manufacturers do not work quite as well as filters 
made from discrete SM devices. Any experiences worth sharing - 
anyone? Is it all about 'horses for courses' i.e. the right filters for the job.

 7/ The value of reasonable impedance does not need to be
that high 300- 500 Ohms is sufficient. Don't over do.

That is a good point. I work to a minimum of 300 Ohms - and where I  
have to squeeze every last bit of the spectrum into the useable range 
on a ferrite, will accept slightly lower (usually means using larger 
caps-to-case to maintain the impedance ratio).

Thank you again for the wonderful responses.

- Best regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd


-Original Message-
From: owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
[mailto:owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org]On Behalf Of Chris Chileshe
Sent: Thursday, August 22, 2002 11:31 AM
To: 'emc-pstc'
Subject: Designing for low power conducted and radiated immunity



Dear all,

On the evidence of the quality of responses I have seen on more difficult
queries, I think this should be fairly straightforward for all you RF
engineers
out there.

My product is a small 3-wire pressure sensor which sends out a digital bit
stream encryption of the pressure measured. It's current draw is around
30mA max. The bit stream is around 25kHz, 5V TTL. The 3-wires are
simply supply (5-10VDC), Output (5V logic) and Ground.

I am trying to make the product pass conducted RF immunity tests to
EN 61000-4-6 (150kHz - 80Mhz) at 10V and radiated immunity tests to
EN 61000-4-3 (80Mhz - 1Ghz) at 30V/m. There is an intrinsic safety limit
on the overall capacitance I can use in the product.

My general thoughts are to use a PI-filter on each of the 3 lines with
the vertical section of the filter being ceramic capacitors to the metal
case enclosure. A limit of about 10nF exists (for other reasons) on
these capacitors.

The horizontal section of the PI will be made up of a series connection
of a ferrite (for high frequency suppression) and an inductor for the lower
frequencies where the ferrite is transparent - in that order.

My problems (sorry .. challenges) are as follows:

1 - I need to let a bit stream through at 25kHz, but reject RF at 150kHz
 without a common mode choke (output is not differential). Is this a
 tall order?

2 - The inductors that give me a reasonable value of impedance at these
 sub 1Mhz frequencies tend to be largish and have Self Resonant Freqs.
 in the test spectrum albeit some of them (SRFs) are in the radiated
immunity
 band where I expect the ferrite to be in charge of attenuation. Is this
 likely to cause me problems?

3 - Can I find a single ferrite that will cover the entire RF test spectrum
of
 EN 61000-6-2 ( 150kHz - 1Ghz) or is it generally accepted that even the
 so called 'wideband' ferrites (SMT 0603/0805 max) are good down to
 about 5MHz but no lower?

Any relevant comments welcome.

Best regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd



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RE: Korea and China - Thanks

2002-08-22 Thread Chris Chileshe

Patrick writes ..

 Fortunately for me this issue went away fast as 
 it came up and I was told I don't need to pursue 
 this any further for now.

I am afraid this realisation comes too late! The group has already
sent its responses. I don't see that you have much of a choice
now but to *proceed* with the Korean and Chinese approvals regardless! 
You might want to keep a box of paracetamols handy for the headaches
though.

Best regards


-Original Message-
From:   pfitzgib...@attbi.com [SMTP:pfitzgib...@attbi.com]
Sent:   Wednesday, August 21, 2002 8:05 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Korea and China - Thanks


Hello everyone. 
  I want to thank everybody who sent me information on 
the list and privately.  Fortunately for me this issue 
went away fast as it came up and I was told I don't need 
to pursue this any further for now.  It looked like I 
was going to have big headaches - what ever would we do 
without marketing :-).  

Thanks again for everyone's help.  This is truly a rich 
forum with a lot of expertise.

Patrick

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Designing for low power conducted and radiated immunity

2002-08-22 Thread Chris Chileshe

Dear all,

On the evidence of the quality of responses I have seen on more difficult 
queries, I think this should be fairly straightforward for all you RF engineers
out there.

My product is a small 3-wire pressure sensor which sends out a digital bit 
stream encryption of the pressure measured. It's current draw is around 
30mA max. The bit stream is around 25kHz, 5V TTL. The 3-wires are 
simply supply (5-10VDC), Output (5V logic) and Ground.

I am trying to make the product pass conducted RF immunity tests to
EN 61000-4-6 (150kHz - 80Mhz) at 10V and radiated immunity tests to 
EN 61000-4-3 (80Mhz - 1Ghz) at 30V/m. There is an intrinsic safety limit 
on the overall capacitance I can use in the product.

My general thoughts are to use a PI-filter on each of the 3 lines with 
the vertical section of the filter being ceramic capacitors to the metal
case enclosure. A limit of about 10nF exists (for other reasons) on 
these capacitors. 

The horizontal section of the PI will be made up of a series connection
of a ferrite (for high frequency suppression) and an inductor for the lower
frequencies where the ferrite is transparent - in that order. 

My problems (sorry .. challenges) are as follows:

1 - I need to let a bit stream through at 25kHz, but reject RF at 150kHz
 without a common mode choke (output is not differential). Is this a 
 tall order?

2 - The inductors that give me a reasonable value of impedance at these 
 sub 1Mhz frequencies tend to be largish and have Self Resonant Freqs.
 in the test spectrum albeit some of them (SRFs) are in the radiated 
immunity 
 band where I expect the ferrite to be in charge of attenuation. Is this
 likely to cause me problems?

3 - Can I find a single ferrite that will cover the entire RF test spectrum of 
 EN 61000-6-2 ( 150kHz - 1Ghz) or is it generally accepted that even the 
 so called 'wideband' ferrites (SMT 0603/0805 max) are good down to  
 about 5MHz but no lower?

Any relevant comments welcome.

Best regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd



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RE: Required: Ability to WHAT?

2002-07-10 Thread Chris Chileshe

Oh I don't know. Maybe the ad. proceeded to read ...

Your job will entail constant telephoning of the above institutes and ordering
pizza, with extra mozzarella and pepperoni. You will be occasionally required
to issue bomb threats when any of the above organisations convenes for 
meetings or social events.

Submission of computer viruses by e-mail to mainframes holding existing
Bellcore, ANSI, IEEE, NEMA and JIC standards will be required to be
accidental and must carry a disclaimer, and issued only from hotmail 
accounts from home based computers.

Remuneration will be commensurate with agitation of said organisations,
and where frustration leads to suicide, assisted or otherwise, a bonus claim
may be made within 30 days of the event.

Benefits include a telephone with caller-id suppression, and various nasal 
grips 
for vocal disguises. 


-Original Message-
From:   Cortland Richmond [SMTP:72146@compuserve.com]
Sent:   Tuesday, July 09, 2002 6:07 PM
To: ieee pstc list
Subject:Required: Ability to WHAT?


I swear this is true. From job requirements for a job, on monster.com:

.Ability to research and interrupt Bellcore, ANSI, IEEE, NEMA, and JIC
standards as applies to telecommunication and electrical equipment
required.



Cortland Richmond

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RE: Conductive Conformal Coatings for reducing PCB Emissions

2002-07-03 Thread Chris Chileshe


Thank you for the clarification Charles.

Mat, that's a technology that seems to have just passed me by!

I look forward to the comments on this.

Regards

- Chris


-Original Message-
From:   Charles Grasso [SMTP:chasgra...@hotmail.com]
Sent:   Wednesday, July 03, 2002 5:24 PM
To: chris.chile...@ultronics.com; emc-p...@ieee.org
Subject:RE: Conductive Conformal Coatings for reducing PCB Emissions

Actually Chris there was a product that provided for
a solder mask then had a conductive film ontop of that.
The manufacturers could also tie this outer skin to the
grounds on the printed circuit boord finally making the
Faraday cage !!

Papers I have read on this showed an excellent reduction
in emissions (20dB) - neglecting the effects of the ICs
I know that AMP used to market this but it did not seem to
achieve markey acceptance.

Charles Grasso


From: Chris Chileshe chris.chile...@ultronics.com
Reply-To: Chris Chileshe chris.chile...@ultronics.com
To: emc-p...@ieee.org emc-p...@ieee.org
Subject: RE: Conductive Conformal Coatings for reducing PCB Emissions
Date: Wed, 3 Jul 2002 16:21:55 +0100


Mat,

Can we assume you mean conductive spray coatings for plastic
caseworks? Wouldn't a conductive conformal coating would short
out all the components on the PCB? Or is a two-pass technology
with the ordinary insulating coating over the components and a
conductive layer on the outside?

Awaiting your clarification.

- Regards

- Chris

-Original Message-
From:  Aschenberg, Mat [SMTP:matt.aschenb...@echostar.com]
Sent:  Tuesday, July 02, 2002 3:36 PM
To:emc-p...@ieee.org
Subject:   Conductive Conformal Coatings for reducing PCB Emissions


Hi All,
A while back there was a push to use conductive conformal
coatings for PCB emissions. Does anyone know if the
technology still exists and if so who makes it??

Thanks

 

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RE: ESAs certification to 95/54/EC

2002-06-25 Thread Chris Chileshe

More info - very good info I think - at 

http://www.rfi-wireless.com/pages/press/articles/ART014.htm

Regards

- Chris


-Original Message-
From:   Fang Han [SMTP:f...@qualcomm.com]
Sent:   Monday, June 24, 2002 6:45 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:ESAs certification to 95/54/EC

Hi Colleagues,

It looks like all products for vehicle application, even they have been 
certified to EMC Directive or RTTE Directive, must be certified to 
95/54/EC (vehicle EMC directive) before Oct 1, 2002.  It seems to me that 
the certification route for vehicle EMC directive is different with EMC 
directive or RTTE directive certification.   I am looking for an accredited 
lab/body that is authorized to certify ESAs products to 95/54/EC.  I wonder 
if all these labs/bodies are located in Europe or there are some in USA.  I 
understand that these labs/bodies should be authorized by the Ministry of 
Transportation of a EU member state.  A certification done by such a lab 
will be accepted by all other EU member states.

I appreciate it very much if someone familiar with this can shed some light.

Thanks a lot,

Fang




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File: ATT5.htm  


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RE: case of units

2002-06-25 Thread Chris Chileshe

Spot on Tom!

I have always stuck with lower case k - even when entering values
in a database which is all in upper case! Of course, this scientific
correctness lasts only a few days before someone spots my wonderful
room temperature components, dips them in liquid nitrogen and the
next thing I know they are all temperatures in Kelvin (10K)!!

I will admit though, to not putting any space between the number and the 
unit, but I remember the look my physics teacher used to give us if 
someone had the misfortune to call the unit degrees Kelvin instead of
plain Kelvin.

For your information http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/
has it all.

Regards

- Chris



-Original Message-
From:   T.Sato [SMTP:vef00...@nifty.ne.jp]
Sent:   Tuesday, June 25, 2002 3:39 AM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Re: case of units


On Mon, 24 Jun 2002 11:17:18 -0700,
  Robert Macy m...@california.com wrote:

 Still use KHz
 
 For me it's a logical carrier over from
 small letter = small value
 capital letter = large value

SI units are originally described in The International System of
Units (strictly, in French) from BIPM, and it states kilo is k,
not K.
Although they are very rarely used these days, h (hecto = 10^2)
and da (deca = 10^1) are written in small letters, too.

Regards,
Tom

--
Tomonori Sato  vef00...@nifty.ne.jp
URL: http://member.nifty.ne.jp/tsato/

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RE: Thermal Testing

2002-05-07 Thread Chris Chileshe


I have found the Pico data logger (with type K thermocouples) ideal for my 
requirements. It connects between about 8 thermocouples ( I use type K)
and a PC ( RS232 ).

http://www.picotech.com/thermocouple.html

Regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd

-Original Message-
From:   richwo...@tycoint.com [SMTP:richwo...@tycoint.com]
Sent:   Monday, May 06, 2002 7:14 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Thermal Testing


Do any of you monitor and record component temperatures during safety
testing using PCs and data capture I/O cards? If so, what hardware and
software to you use?

Richard Woods
Sensormatic Electronics
Tyco International


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RE: A very nice game

2002-04-24 Thread Chris Chileshe

Bill,

Do we know which virus it was?

Regards

-Original Message-
From:   Bill Ellingford [SMTP:bill.ellingf...@motion-media.com]
Sent:   Wednesday, April 24, 2002 12:37 PM
To: 'jmw'; emc-p...@ieee.org
Subject:RE: A very  nice game
Importance: High


URGENT
Please be aware that the above E-mail to the EMC group contained a virus.
Fortunately our system removed it from the message.
Bill Ellingford

-Original Message-
From: jmw [mailto:j...@jmwa.demon.co.uk]
Sent: 24 April 2002 22:59
To: emc-p...@ieee.org
Subject: A very nice game



--  Virus Warning Message (on gemini2)

setup.exe is removed from here because it contains a virus.

-


*

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Output short circuit testing

2002-04-12 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi Group,

In a previous life when I developed frequency converters, we used to perform 
short circuit tests to UL508C. 

I am developing automotive ESA's which may find use in non-automotive 
applications ( Mains - DC power source ).

Is output short circuit testing covered by some generic standard, safety or 
otherwise that one can use as a guideline for test setups, parameters and 
performance criteria? 

Thanx in advance.

- Chris Chileshe




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RE: Vehicle EMC and Safety standards

2002-02-26 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi Alex,

The EMC standards governing vehicle electrical sub-assemblies (ESAs)
are as follows:

1 - Radiated emissions - 95/54/EC (automotive directive) and CISPR 25

2 - Conducted emissions - CISPR 25 ( omitted by directive )

3 - ESD is governed by ISO 10605. The test levels are 15kV air discharge for 
ESAs
that can only be accessed from inside the vehicle and 25kV for ESAs that 
can be
accessed from outside the vehicle (e.g. through open window). Contact 
discharge is 8kV
for points accessible during normal operation.

4 - Fast transients and Bursts are replaced by ISO 7637/SAE J1113/11 in the 
form of test 
 pulse 3a and Test pulse 3b

5 - Surge immunity is replaced by the automotive load dump, ISO 7637 Test pulse 
5. This
 is the most destructive of the transients.

6 - Transient immunity is completed by the other test pulses in ISO 7637 (test 
pulse 1,2, 6)
 Test pulse 4 simulates the supply transient during cranking. You may want 
to look 
 closely at the behaviour of your machines during this phase as access to 
memory can
 often result in corruption of data. Additional requirements may exist like 
twice the supply
 voltage for a jump start on a 12V battery. 

Note that the transient test levels specified for 12V and 24V vehicles are 
different and 
governed by ISO 7637-1 and ISO 7637-2 respectively.

7 - Radiated immunity - ISO 11452. Minimum test level is 25V/m (SAR) to meet 
requirements 
 of the directive, but most vehicle manufacturers might ask for higher test 
levels like 
 50V/m and even 100 - 200V/m for safety critical ESAs. Frequency range is 
nominally 
 150kHz - 1GHz but it is common practice and vehicle manufacturers do tend 
to insist on
 tests starting at 10kHz. 
 The Bulk current Injection test is also useful verification that you have 
left no stone unturned. 
 It is described in detail in ISO 11452 Part 4

Depending on where your terminals will be fitted, the operating temperature 
range may 
change from the commercial, especially the lower limit which may have to shift 
from 
0 to -40?C but I imagine you have accounted for this already and besides, 
financial
transactions may be rather low on the list of priorities for a driver entering 
a cab at -40,
but I haven't been to Russia on a cold day so ignore me. Of course I jest.

For general safety, you will have to refer to the SAE standards. I cannot say 
for sure if
EN60950 is adequate.
http://www.sae.org/technicalcommittees/index.htm

Hope this helps

Regards


- Chris Chileshe
- Principal Electronics Design Engineer
- Ultronics Ltd
- http://www.senstronics.com


-Original Message-
From:   Alex McNeil [SMTP:alex.mcn...@ingenicofortronic.com]
Sent:   Tuesday, February 26, 2002 11:35 AM
To: 'emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org'
Subject:Vehicle EMC and Safety standards


Hi Group,

Our financial transaction terminals are mostly used in the commercial area
e.g. shops and offices, which use a separate AC/DC power supply block
connected to the mains There is a requirement for these same products to be
used in vehicles e.g. Taxis and Buses. These would use the power from the
batteries possibly from the cigarette lighter holder (12Volts). I have
obviously had to design in additional filter circuitry to account for this
type of DC Supply source.

My question is, will there be additional EMC and Safety requirements in
Europe or North America (other than those already approved for use in
commercial areas) for vehicle/mobile use?

Already Approved to:
EMC: EN55022 Class B, *EN55024, EN6100-3-2, EN61000-3-3, FCC Part 15,
ICES-003
Safety: EN60950 (also UL/CSA)

*The only additional test I can think of is for the EN55024 to include the
DC Power Port tests (excluded before due to the terminal being supplied from
an AC/DC power source).

As usual I look forward to your invaluable replies.

Kind Regards
Alex McNeil
Principal Engineer
Tel: +44 (0)131 479 8375
Fax: +44 (0)131 479 8321
email: alex.mcn...@ingenicofortronic.com


---
This message is from th


RE: Resistors pulse loading capabilities

2002-02-19 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi Massimo,

Try http://www.vtm.co.uk/.

They had a good calculation method in the printed version of their
catalog which does not seem to be available on the website ( I haven't
looked very hard for it). It worked well for sizing in-rush limiting resistors.

Regards

- Chris



-Original Message-
From:   Massimo Polignano [SMTP:massimo.polign...@esaote.com]
Sent:   Monday, February 18, 2002 2:03 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Resistors pulse loading capabilities


Does anybody out of there know what are the methods to evaluate resistors
pulse loading capabilities (maximum peak pulse voltage without failing to
open circuit)?
Is there any standard models?
This could be very useful to design the power supply circuit parts involved
in a surge immunity test.

Thanks in advance.
m.p.

-
ESAOTE S.p.A. Massimo Polignano
Research  Product DevelopmentDesign Quality Control Mngr
Via di Caciolle,15tel:+39.055.4229402
I- 50127 Florence fax:+39.055.4223305
e-mail: massimo.polign...@esaote.com



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RE: TEM Cells

2002-02-11 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi Kate,

Not sure about practical, but ISO 11452 Part 3 describes the calculation method
for the electric field inside a TEM cell. 

It uses the formula

|E| = sqrt(P x Z) / d

Where |E| is the absolute value of electric field measured in Volts/m
P is the net power, in watts, to be  understood as total forward power - total
reflected power, Z is the characteristic impedance of the TEM cell in ohms
( typically 50 Ohms) and d is the separation in metres, between the floor
and the septum of the TEM cell ( about half the height of the cell).

Regards

- Chris

-Original Message-
From:   k.macl...@aprel.com [SMTP:k.macl...@aprel.com]
Sent:   Friday, February 08, 2002 8:57 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:TEM Cells


Hi, Folks - 

We have noticed that not everybody is using the same formula for calculating
E-field inside of a TEM cell.  

Does anyone out there have practical formulas (and/or any other useful
information...) relating power to the E-field?  

Many thanks in advance, 
Cheers, 
Kate

Kathy M. MacLean
President, APREL Laboratories
-EMC-RF Safety-Antenna Design/Test-SAR/MPE-SAR/Near-Field
Tools-Acoustics-Wireless- 
51 Spectrum Way, Nepean, Ontario K2R 1E6
(613) 820-2730 fax (613) 820-4161 
cell (613) 791-3777
Web site:  http://www.aprel.com - watch for our new web site coming soon!





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RE: CE Marking - Prototypes

2002-01-29 Thread Chris Chileshe


Concerning the matter of exploding products ..

Probably worth adding that it is a mammoth and near-impossible task 
trying to restore your reputation if you have a product explode at an 
exhibition, and make no mistake, the competition will use it in their
adverts! 

Customers tend to remember such events more vividly than those where
your products have impressed. Indeed, at an exhibition I attended, I 
still cannot recall the name of an exhibitor (Japanese) who had very
impressive robotic controls on display but I do not require much encouragement
to recall the unfortunate exhibitor with an exploding product. I admit we all
thought it was due to the competence - or lack thereof - of the Claudia 
Schaeffer 
lookalike (shame on us!) exhibiting the products but as we later got to find 
out in 
the magazine reporting the event, it was a flaw in the prototype (partly 
hand-built 
to meet the exhibition date deadline - uncropped pins violated a clearance 
dimension)!

Be warned!

- Regards

- Chris

(Own Opinions Only)


-Original Message-
From:   Gregg Kervill [SMTP:gr...@test4safety.com]
Sent:   Tuesday, January 29, 2002 2:13 AM
To: 'Chris Chileshe'; emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:RE: CE Marking - Prototypes



PLEASE consider this in the context of what is expected in the US, from the
UK.

When I have exhibited the exhibition package will specify something about
NOT connecting any equipment that is not UL Listed. Failure to adhere to
this clause usually promised summery expulsion.


So why should we not expect any less commitment to exhibiting from the US
into Europe

I agree there is a lot of non-compliant (and sometimes potentially
dangerous) equipment on show but that should make us more cautious.


PLEASE DO NOT add on big filters without considering (AND MEASURING) the
issue of Earth Leakage.

Similarly - make sure that you know the earth leakage current for each item
that in in your booth. Otherwise your extension lead may fail to meet OSHA
or the local code requirements.



As for 'exploding' products - I was lecturing each morning and afternoon at
an exhibition in London (product safety) and at 11:45 and 4:45 each day 50
people would leave the lecture hall and 'hit' the exhibition. On the last
Friday I visited a PSU supplier near the lecture hall and asked him about a
(non-compliant) product label. The poor guy nearly exploded. Every morning
and afternoon 50 people came to his booth to tell him why his labels were
non-compliant!

True story and maybe a useful one - check out the local competition and list
their non-compliances - then explain (to visitors) the mistakes that you
have avoided - making sure NOT to mentions names. Point - Aim and Fire!


Best regards

Gregg


--Original Message-
-From: owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
-[mailto:owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org]On Behalf Of Chris Chileshe
-Sent: Monday, January 28, 2002 4:11 AM
-To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
-Subject: RE: CE Marking - Prototypes
-
-
-
-Regarding products for demo's and exhibitions, Enci writes ..
-
- Therefore the application of CE Marking or lack thereof is
-meaningless.
-
-You would think so wouldn't you. A small problem arises in
-that if you have
-competitors with a CE marked product, they will make it a
-point to display
-this and this means potential customers will be signing deals
-with them
-and not you because they have better and more reliable information on
-delivery dates. If you have no competitors, then you are OK.
-
-CE marked or not, make sure that the product is safe and
-further, that it
-will not go bang when connected to a supply with everybody else's non
-compliant stuff. It might be an idea to take a large filter if
-one is affordable.
-
-There is nothing quite as memorable as a product that explodes at an
-exhibition. In fact, it makes the exhibition worth attending
-the next time,
-and considering it has been the talk of the industry since the
-last time, you
-will get an unusually large crowd, and a quick check through their
-business cards will reveal they are competitors and not customers
-if the former exist!
-
-Having said this much, I feel it important that I state that
-these experiences
-were not personal to me or my current or previous employers.
-That's the
-truth.
-
-Best regards
-
-- Chris
-
-
--Original Message-
-From:  Enci [SMTP:e...@cinepower.com]
-Sent:  Sunday, January 27, 2002 12:18 PM
-To:emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
-Subject:   RE: CE Marking - Protoypes
-
-
-
-
-Well, I found the guide I was looking for, and the key issue is the
-placing on the market or taking into service. The guide
-clearly states
-demonstrating at an exhibition is not considered to be placing on the
-market. It also says a notice is required, as descibed below.
-Therefore the
-application of CE Marking or lack thereof is meaningless.
-
-Enci
-
-
-Prototype, equipments for demostration aren't covered by the
-EMC or RTTE
-directive.
-This is article

Generic emissions - EN 61000-6-3

2002-01-28 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi Group,

I have just been touring the BSI website and discovered that the generic
emissions standard EN 50081-1 for residential, commercial and light 
industrial, although current, has been superceded by EN 61000-6-3.

If anyone has got a copy of this standard already, could they kindly 
advise - without resorting to replicating the entire standard on this forum!! - 
 
if  there are major differences to be expected which would justify switching
to this standard to avoid retesting in future - or is it a question of the 
emissions
spectra now required for frequencies beyond 1GHz? 

Have the limits prescribed by EN50081-1 for  the range 150kHz - 30Mhz - 1GHz 
stayed the same?

Regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd
-  http://www.senstronics.com


-Original Message-
From:   Chris Chileshe [SMTP:chris.chile...@ultronics.co.uk]
Sent:   Monday, January 28, 2002 9:11 AM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:RE: CE Marking - Prototypes


Regarding products for demo's and exhibitions, Enci writes ..

 Therefore the application of CE Marking or lack thereof is meaningless.

You would think so wouldn't you. A small problem arises in that if you have
competitors with a CE marked product, they will make it a point to display
this and this means potential customers will be signing deals with them 
and not you because they have better and more reliable information on
delivery dates. If you have no competitors, then you are OK.

CE marked or not, make sure that the product is safe and further, that it
will not go bang when connected to a supply with everybody else's non
compliant stuff. It might be an idea to take a large filter if one is 
affordable.

There is nothing quite as memorable as a product that explodes at an 
exhibition. In fact, it makes the exhibition worth attending the next time, 
and considering it has been the talk of the industry since the last time, you 
will get an unusually large crowd, and a quick check through their 
business cards will reveal they are competitors and not customers
if the former exist!

Having said this much, I feel it important that I state that these experiences
were not personal to me or my current or previous employers. That's the 
truth.

Best regards

- Chris


-Original Message-
From:   Enci [SMTP:e...@cinepower.com]
Sent:   Sunday, January 27, 2002 12:18 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:RE: CE Marking - Protoypes




Well, I found the guide I was looking for, and the key issue is the
placing on the market or taking into service. The guide clearly states
demonstrating at an exhibition is not considered to be placing on the
market. It also says a notice is required, as descibed below. Therefore the
application of CE Marking or lack thereof is meaningless.

Enci


Prototype, equipments for demostration aren't covered by the EMC or RTTE 
directive.
This is article 8.2 of RTTE a similar article exist in the EMC directive
2. At trade fairs, exhibitions, demonstrations, etc.,
Member States shall not create any obstacles to the
display of apparatus which does not comply with this
Directive, provided that a visible sign clearly indicates
that such apparatus may not be marketed or put into
service until it has been made to comply.
Ciao
Paolo



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Visit our web

RE: CE Marking - Prototypes

2002-01-28 Thread Chris Chileshe

Regarding products for demo's and exhibitions, Enci writes ..

 Therefore the application of CE Marking or lack thereof is meaningless.

You would think so wouldn't you. A small problem arises in that if you have
competitors with a CE marked product, they will make it a point to display
this and this means potential customers will be signing deals with them 
and not you because they have better and more reliable information on
delivery dates. If you have no competitors, then you are OK.

CE marked or not, make sure that the product is safe and further, that it
will not go bang when connected to a supply with everybody else's non
compliant stuff. It might be an idea to take a large filter if one is 
affordable.

There is nothing quite as memorable as a product that explodes at an 
exhibition. In fact, it makes the exhibition worth attending the next time, 
and considering it has been the talk of the industry since the last time, you 
will get an unusually large crowd, and a quick check through their 
business cards will reveal they are competitors and not customers
if the former exist!

Having said this much, I feel it important that I state that these experiences
were not personal to me or my current or previous employers. That's the 
truth.

Best regards

- Chris


-Original Message-
From:   Enci [SMTP:e...@cinepower.com]
Sent:   Sunday, January 27, 2002 12:18 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:RE: CE Marking - Protoypes




Well, I found the guide I was looking for, and the key issue is the
placing on the market or taking into service. The guide clearly states
demonstrating at an exhibition is not considered to be placing on the
market. It also says a notice is required, as descibed below. Therefore the
application of CE Marking or lack thereof is meaningless.

Enci


Prototype, equipments for demostration aren't covered by the EMC or RTTE 
directive.
This is article 8.2 of RTTE a similar article exist in the EMC directive
2. At trade fairs, exhibitions, demonstrations, etc.,
Member States shall not create any obstacles to the
display of apparatus which does not comply with this
Directive, provided that a visible sign clearly indicates
that such apparatus may not be marketed or put into
service until it has been made to comply.
Ciao
Paolo



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RE: EN 61000-3-3 - Now Andrew's waveforms

2002-01-24 Thread Chris Chileshe

Andrew,

What on earth is that? 

You wouldn't happen to have the harmonic spectra for these waveforms
would you? I believe the last time I saw a mains voltage fundamental 
struggle so hard to make an impression was during my research days 
at Uni when I had an erroneous switching pattern in an EPROM controlling
the triggering of power semiconductors in an ASVC (Advanced Static 
VAR compensator)! And even that was symmetrical in the positive and 
negative half cycles!

Fancy having a zero crossing detector on that supply!

Regards

- Chris

-Original Message-
From:   Andrew Carson [SMTP:acar...@uk.xyratex.com]
Sent:   Wednesday, January 23, 2002 1:06 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Re: EN 61000-3-3 compliant heater controller

Time for some sarcasm,

Harmonics is a total imaginary situations,
It never causes real problems
and I never recorded two attached distorted wave forms !

This issues had nothing to do with neutral currents, it was that
distorted wave form causing
the problem

Suppose we could have a little competition, who's seen the worst level
of harmonic distortion, I think number 2 will take some beating.

My two pennies worth on a wet wednesday afternoon.




 Andrew Carson - Senior Compliance Engineer, Xyratex, UK
 Phone: +44 (0)23 9249 6855 Fax: +44 (0)23 9249 6014




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RE: Zero Crossing Question

2002-01-22 Thread Chris Chileshe


I agree with Scott's take on this, and I can vouch for the experiences
others have cited where a seemingly suitable alternative has in reality
proved otherwise.

I have seen this with both semiconductors (opto isolators) and passives
(VSD DC link capacitors and ferrites).

If the datasheets are *identical*, then I say use the parts that work and 
put the
question to On semi why their part behaves differently.

Regards

- Chris


-Original Message-
From:   Scott Lacey [SMTP:sco...@world.std.com]
Sent:   Monday, January 21, 2002 4:47 PM
To: Bouse, John
Cc: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:RE: Zero Crossing Question

Zero Crossing QuestionJohn,
I think you already have the answer to the problem. You stated that Harris
or Intersil IC's work properly regardless of the mains polarity. Some 
years
back I had an issue where another manufacturer's replacement was 
substituted
for a Sprague ULN2003 Darlington Array that I had specified in a design. I
was using the ULN2003 to buffer a reset pulse distributed in a system. The
other brand was not capable of switching quickly enough in this 
application.
Replacing the ICs with the specified part solved the problem.

I would not waste valuable engineering time resolving an issue that only
occurs with one vendor's part.

Just one man's opinion,
Scott Lacey

Simplicate, don't complicate!

  -Original Message-
  From: owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
[mailto:owner-emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org]On Behalf Of Bouse, John
  Sent: Monday, January 21, 2002 9:20 AM
  To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
  Subject: Zero Crossing Question


  Hi Group,

  Our manufacturing personnel encountered a strange problem:  when the 
mains
plug used on a
  230V/50Hz equipment that has an internal zero crossing reference
integrated circuit (specifically,
  a CA3059) is reversed (this can occur in countries such as Germany, 
Italy,
France and Switzerland),
  the zero crossing pulses appear with a 20 millisecond spacing,  rather
than the expected 10 millisecond
  spacing.

  Harris or Intersil IC's work properly regardless of the mains polarity. 
ON
Semiconductor IC's appear
  to be polarity sensitive. They will produce the proper number of pulses
with only one mains polarity.
  The incorrect spacing of these zero crossing pulses affects the normal
operation of the equipment.

  Has anyone encountered and, hopefully, solved this problem?

  Regards,
  John Bouse
  PKI




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RE: Switch Inrush Ratings - do google!

2002-01-11 Thread Chris Chileshe


There is a lot to be said for this approach.

Unfortunately, I had just sent out an e-mail on EN 61000-4-6
and EN 50141 when I started following the thread on Switch
Inrush Ratings.

I eventually came to the postings making reference to the
John Woodgate approach and realised I hadn't done all I
could before posting the query.

Realising I hadn't googled, I made a hasty attempt to correct
this, frantically wiping the sweat off my brow as I started my
browser ( air conditioners are of limited effectiveness in times
like these - mercifully the anti-perspirant isn't!). I got the
distinct feeling of one walking clear across the street to one's
car only to realise the draft around one's legs is not a necessary
evil and could have been easily prevented had one bothered to
check that one had one's pants on!

I promptly googled, and realised I should have googled .. no ..
that I should have been googling all this time.

Sigh! I guess all I can do now is sit and wait for the replies
confirming my take on the two standards was indeed correct.

Best regards

- Chris


-Original Message-
From:   John Woodgate [SMTP:j...@jmwa.demon.co.uk]
Sent:   Thursday, January 10, 2002 10:17 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Re: Switch Inrush Ratings


I read in !emc-pstc that Rich Nute ri...@sdd.hp.com wrote (in
200201102027.maa26...@epgc264.sdd.hp.com) about 'Switch Inrush
Ratings', on Thu, 10 Jan 2002:
Taking John Woodgate's usual response to such
an inquiry, I did a Google search on inrush.

I don't think I use that response any more often than others, But it's
good advice. Also, if you Googled before asking here, please say so.
Then when someone says 'Google!', you won't need to say (as some do in
other, less polite fora), ' Do you think I'm a BF? I tried that
already!'.
--
Regards, John Woodgate, OOO - Own Opinions Only. 
http://www.jmwa.demon.co.uk
After swimming across the Hellespont, I felt like a Hero.

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EN 50141 and EN 61000-4-6

2002-01-11 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi group,

I am testing to the generic immunity standard EN 61000-6-2
which refers to EN 61000-4-6 for immunity to conducted
disturbances induced by radio-frequency fields.

A query has arisen that EN 50141 is missing from my list of 
tests. Is my understanding correct that these two standards
are essentially the same? I do not have a copy of either and 
currently awaiting delivery of EN 61000-4-6 which I have 
recently purchased.

Best regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd


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RE: LISN for automotive directive

2002-01-08 Thread Chris Chileshe


 I would like to see if the one per CISPR 25 suits for this purpose or 
not.

I am not sure that 95/54/EC requires you to perform conducted emissions,
but if you do, the standard will be CISPR-25, so the short answer is
YES.

Best regards

- Chris

-Original Message-
From:   KC CHAN [PDD] [SMTP:kcc...@hkpc.org]
Sent:   Tuesday, January 08, 2002 12:48 AM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:LISN for automotive directive


Hi all

I am looking for a LISN for the automobile conducted emission testing under 
the automotive directive 95/54, one of the suppliers has suggested the one 
per CISPR 25.  Since there is no clear construction in the automotive 
directive, I would like to see if the one per CISPR 25 suits for this 
purpose or not.

Thank you
KC Chan


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RE: Components to suppress fast transient / bursts

2001-12-13 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi Amund,

A properly sized varistor ( sometimes with capacitor in parallel)
is quite effective. You will find IEC 1000-4-4 mentioned in some
varistor datasheets. Just mind that you have the energy rating
correctly specified and for really high speed response, opt for 
surface mount. 

The varistors have a parameter called the clamping voltage and 
you need to be careful that all your protected front end is rated 
to at least that voltage.

Varistor sources include ( I think) EPCOS, Keko-Varicon, Murata, 
Littelfuse, TDK components, Panasonic etc. 

You can opt for tranzorbs from the likes of General Semi (Vishay),
ST Microelectronics etc for tighter clamping voltages but these are 
semiconductor types and tend to 'break' when subjected to high 
energy transients like the surge (EN 610004-5) or automotive load 
dumps (ISO 7637-1, 2 Test pulse 5).

Regards 

- Chris


-Original Message-
From:   am...@westin-emission.no [SMTP:am...@westin-emission.no]
Sent:   Wednesday, December 12, 2001 8:51 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Components to suppress fast transient / bursts


Hi all,

I do not have any experience with components which could suppress a 2kV
(5ns/50ns) electrical fast transient (Burst).

Anybody in the group who could come up with some suggestions ?

Best regards
Amund Westin,Oslo/Norway



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RE: John Woodgate Departure

2001-11-20 Thread Chris Chileshe

Dear all,

I guess I should have known better than to open a can of worms and then
have the audacity to take a day off!! I returned today ( Tuesday) to find my 
in-folder overflowing with opinions on this matter. 

It is quite obvious that John's presence is treasured by quite a large
percentage of the list.

However, there has been noticeable shift in the tone of the messages
addressing the issue in that there is some degree of casting the 
administrator as the villain of the peace here (contrary to the Hollywood
norm which always has the English guy as the villain!). This is neither 
right nor fair (I am not talking about Hollywood anymore although it wouldn't
do them any harm to take notes!!). It was certainly not the intention of my 
original posting and my appeal was to both John and the list admin. 

My apologies to the list administrator for this misunderstanding and unfortunate
change in ethos. 

I think it best we leave the matter to John and the administrator
to resolve.

To this end, Chris Maxwell writes ..

 If there is any peacemaking to be done here, I suggest that 
 John and the admin in question work it out off-line.  

Agreed. Chris adds...

 I suggest that if a third party get involved, that it also be off-line.  
 (I suggest Tania.  She'll straighten them out :-))  

So ... what are you saying Chris .. Kofi Annan not good enough for you?

But seriously, let us not point fingers and leave the gentlemen to work it 
out. The most we can do is appeal to John to reconsider HIS decision.

Best regards everyone.

- Chris

--
Don't you just love the swooshing sound deadlines make as they go
flying past!   

 

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RE: Conducted emissions - frequencies lower than 150kHz

2001-11-16 Thread Chris Chileshe


Is Minks the plural for 'Mink' or is it always Mink in both singular and
plural?

Have I been misinformed?

Regards

- Chris



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RE: My departure

2001-11-16 Thread Chris Chileshe


Any possibility of reconsidering your decision John?

I think it would be a real shame to lose John's presence on the list. 
While it would obviously be possible for us to contact him directly
( and I for one have done so in the past), I have always found it 
educational to read John's responses to others' queries, and then 
related it all to my own products.

True, there have been times when some of John's responses have 
been somewhat 'direct' and possibly frightening for the uninitiated
newcomer, but a week on the list and you learn to expect responses
like:

Surely you don't expect us to replicate the entire scope of EN abc on this
forum

to the less specific queries like:

Can someone tell me what EN abc covers

but as with all lists it is just a matter of time before you pick up on the 
different personalities, and learn to expect a certain 'tone' from 
contributions by the likes of John, The many Chris's, Ken, Bob, Tania, Rich, Ed,
Kyle, Amund to mention but a few. One also knows when to expect 
responses on IT, Audio, Power, Automotive, Marine, Aerospace etc. 

I would therefore like to appeal to John and the administrator - and indeed to 
Kofi 
Annan should he find time in his otherwise busy schedule, to try and work this 
out for the sake of all of us.

Thank you.

- Chris


-Original Message-
From:   John Woodgate [SMTP:j...@jmwa.demon.co.uk]
Sent:   Thursday, November 15, 2001 9:07 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:My departure


As a result of representations from one of the administrators, which I
consider totally unjustified, I am leaving the group.

 I regret having to break contact with those that responded favourably
to my input.

You are free to e-mail me if you wish.
-- 
Regards, John Woodgate, OOO - Own Opinions Only. http://www.jmwa.demon.co.uk 
Eat mink and be dreary!

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Components connected to PE

2001-11-15 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi Group,

I have one of those scenarios where EMC meets product safety.
For the purpose of RFI, I have a requirement to connect RF bypass 
capacitors from the input lines of a Low voltage DC (30V max, SELV) 
piece of equipment to PE. As I recall when I worked in ac voltage 
converters, we used to connect Y-rated capacitors between phase 
and PE. 

Is it still a requirement that I need a Y-rated capacitor for this LV product
or can I get away with a much smaller capacitor with a varistor in parallel?

All comments welcome. I trust the wording is clear but please let me know 
if a sketch in word is required.

Thanx in advance.

Regards

- Chris





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RE: Marine Equipment

2001-10-03 Thread Chris Chileshe

Bob,

You will find a very useful guide on applying the directives at the site

http://europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/electr_equipment/emc/

It has links to both the EMC directive and the Marine equipment directive
and also a FAQ.

My understanding is that equipment specifically covered by the Marine 
equipment directive is exempt from the EMC directive even if it falls under
the EMC directive i.e. when equipment falls under both Marine and EMC
directive, Marine equipment directive has precedence. 

Thus, exemption requires that the equipment is specifically included in the
scope of the marine equipment directive, otherwise it becomes subject to 
the EMC directive. 

If the lighting system you mention is covered by the scope of the Marine
equipment Directive 96/98/EC, then that is the one you want to apply, 
otherwise, EMC Directive 89/336/EEC ( I think there is amendment to this
one) is the one.  

Regards

- Chris


-Original Message-
From:   rehel...@mmm.com [SMTP:rehel...@mmm.com]
Sent:   Tuesday, October 02, 2001 3:01 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Marine Equipment


It is my understanding that marine equipment is exempt from the EMC
Directive and from FCC regulations.

Can anyone tell me what standards would cover a battery operated lighting
system running at 100 VAC,
1500 Hz for both Europe and the U.S.?

Thanks,
Bob Heller
3M Product Safety, 76-1-01
St. Paul, MN 55107-1208
Tel:  651- 778-6336
Fax:  651-778-6252


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RE: Component ESD Immunity Testing

2001-10-02 Thread Chris Chileshe

Ravinder,

I can attest to the 2kV ESD immunity of ICs because I have done 
such tests myself. I am now in the process of trying to raise the
ESD immunity level to 4kV on one particular pin. 

Have you - or anyone else on this group -  had any experience working 
with small surface mount varistors (EIA 0603 or 0805 size) specifically 
for ESD protection. 

I have only ever worked with large disc varistors primarily for surge 
protection (EN61000-4-5) and therefore a little sceptical about the 
effectiveness of an 0603 device at 4kV although I imagine they should 
be able to deal with ESD (EN 61000-4-2). 

Any advice?

Regards

- Chris


-Original Message-
From:   Ravinder Ajmani [SMTP:ajm...@us.ibm.com]
Sent:   Monday, October 01, 2001 7:45 PM
To: EMC-PSTC
Subject:Re: Component  ESD Immunity Testing



I have been asked on several occasions to test some particular IC on the
card, whenever there have been instances of IC failures during product
manufacturing/testing.  Most ICs are built to withstand an ESD event of 2
kV, and I have found this to be true in my tests.  If IC happens to be OK
then I try to improve the card design to reduce/eliminate the product
failures.

Regards, Ravinder
PCB Development and Design Department
IBM Corporation
Email: ajm...@us.ibm.com
***
Always do right.  This will gratify some people and astonish the rest.
. Mark Twain



   
plaw...@west.net
   
(Patrick Lawler)  To: EMC-PSTC 
emc-p...@ieee.org 
Sent by:  cc:   
   
owner-emc-pstc@majordom   Subject: Re: Component  
ESD Immunity Testing 
o.ieee.org  
   

   

   
10/01/2001 08:27 AM 
   
Please respond to   
   
plawler 
   

   

   




We have an engineer who did ESD testing once on the pins of ICs buried in a
power supply assembly.  The unit passed, and he thought it was a great way
to
show product robustness.
However, when I asked him if he would redesign power supplies that failed
his
special test, he replied he wouldn't.

Would _you_ redesign your system if it failed?


Patrick Lawler
plaw...@west.net

On Mon, 1 Oct 2001 08:02:10 -0600 , Aschenberg, Mat
matt.aschenb...@echostar.com wrote:
Since all of you have your ESD hats on.

Are there standards for testing of components on a pwb? There is some
concern here that we should be testing individual components on the pwb.

Thanks for your help.
Mat Aschenberg

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For policy 

RE: Steel Balls vs. Chickens

2001-10-01 Thread Chris Chileshe


Out of the curiosity, do they freeze the chickens complete with feathers
or do they get them ready dressed from Wall Mart?

- Chris


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RE: CE Mark and GOST

2001-09-14 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi John,

I am not familiar with GOST and I don't doubt there are people on this forum
better informed to address your query. What I do know is that CE is not 
required outside the scope of the EU membership. At present, AFAIK, the 
EU member states are: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, 
Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, 
Spain, Sweden and UK. My information may be a little outdated.

A country outside the scope of the EU may choose to take advantage of
the product quality inherent in the process that leads to the mark by 
insisting on CE-marked imports, but really, the mark only has legal 
implications within the EU. 

I am not sure about the Russian market, and perhaps some of our Russian based
compliance engineers may help here. Alternatively, the persons importing the 
product would be able to advise.

Regards

- Chris Chileshe

-Original Message-
From:   Bouse, John [SMTP:john.bo...@perkinelmer.com]
Sent:   Thursday, September 13, 2001 9:23 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:CE Mark and GOST


Hello Group,

Is the CE Mark sufficient to allow products (laboratory instruments, 
for example) to be sold/shipped into the Russian Federation, or is 
the GOST mark also required?

Regards,
John Bouse
PKI
Shelton, CT  USA
===

-Original Message-
From: Chris Chileshe [mailto:chris.chile...@ultronics.co.uk]
Sent: September 13, 2001 12:38 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject: RE: CE Mark



Hi Ralph,

The CE mark is not exclusive to EMC. Indeed, it refers to compliance with
all directives relevant to the product, so a teddy bear will be CE marked if
it meets the requirements of the toy directive and all relevant safety
directives.

Pressure vessels will have to meet the requirements of the pressure
directive
and so on, and if any product crosses boundaries, it has to meet all the
applicable
directives.

However, the CE mark is a declaration of conformity and you can self
certify. 
This means I can disappear into my garage for a few weeks and emerge with 
a CE marked product - and it would be perfectly legal - as long as the
declaration
is true i.e. I have done what needs to be done to prove compliance, and one
way
to do this would be to test to applicable harmonised standards. Validity of
self 
certification may change in due course but at the moment, that is how it is.

I like Chris Maxwell's spin on the meaning of CE, and it would be true if 
every firm made a distinction between the compliance engineer and the 
designer. In all the companies I have worked for - we do it all i.e. the
designer
designs to spec, takes the product through type approval tests, then through
precompliance and then through full compliance. So the electronics designers
are responsible for meeting all the applicable directives (EMC, electrical
safety)
and functional type approval and they do so by product proving and EMC
testing
the product themselves - to the applicable standard. They are also
responsible for 
the technical documentation for the electrical aspects of the product. The 
mechanical engineers and hydraulics engineers do likewise and when it's all
done,
the fall guy (engineering director) puts his signature on the declaration of
conformity.
What this means is that if the declaration should subsequently be proven
false, he 
is the one who goes to the gallows.

Wait a minute! I used to think everyone worked that way, but I get the
feeling 
I may be doing too much! That does it! I am off to see the payroll people
soon 
after sending this e-mail and hopefully will emerge with a CE marked cheque
- 
or CE marked letter of dismissal!! You can never be too sure with these
accounts people.

Regards y'all

- Chris Chileshe


-Original Message-
From:   Ralph Cameron [SMTP:ral...@igs.net]
Sent:   Thursday, September 13, 2001 4:57 PM
To: Chris Chileshe; emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Re: CE Mark

I think its fair to state that CE also equates to designed in level of
immunity to electromagnetic interference, i.e.  reduced sensitivity or
susceptibility.  In my view , a highly desireable because it prevents a lot
of what's out there from coming in and conversely a lot of what's inside
from coming out.

It's a compromise but better than nothing.

Ralph cameron
EMC Consulting and Suppression of Consumer Electronics
(after sale)

 snip 

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RE: CE Mark

2001-09-13 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi Ralph,

The CE mark is not exclusive to EMC. Indeed, it refers to compliance with
all directives relevant to the product, so a teddy bear will be CE marked if
it meets the requirements of the toy directive and all relevant safety 
directives.

Pressure vessels will have to meet the requirements of the pressure directive
and so on, and if any product crosses boundaries, it has to meet all the 
applicable
directives.

However, the CE mark is a declaration of conformity and you can self certify. 
This means I can disappear into my garage for a few weeks and emerge with 
a CE marked product - and it would be perfectly legal - as long as the 
declaration
is true i.e. I have done what needs to be done to prove compliance, and one way
to do this would be to test to applicable harmonised standards. Validity of 
self 
certification may change in due course but at the moment, that is how it is.

I like Chris Maxwell's spin on the meaning of CE, and it would be true if 
every firm made a distinction between the compliance engineer and the 
designer. In all the companies I have worked for - we do it all i.e. the 
designer
designs to spec, takes the product through type approval tests, then through
precompliance and then through full compliance. So the electronics designers
are responsible for meeting all the applicable directives (EMC, electrical 
safety)
and functional type approval and they do so by product proving and EMC testing
the product themselves - to the applicable standard. They are also responsible 
for 
the technical documentation for the electrical aspects of the product. The 
mechanical engineers and hydraulics engineers do likewise and when it's all 
done,
the fall guy (engineering director) puts his signature on the declaration of 
conformity.
What this means is that if the declaration should subsequently be proven false, 
he 
is the one who goes to the gallows.

Wait a minute! I used to think everyone worked that way, but I get the feeling 
I may be doing too much! That does it! I am off to see the payroll people soon 
after sending this e-mail and hopefully will emerge with a CE marked cheque - 
or CE marked letter of dismissal!! You can never be too sure with these
accounts people.

Regards y'all

- Chris Chileshe


-Original Message-
From:   Ralph Cameron [SMTP:ral...@igs.net]
Sent:   Thursday, September 13, 2001 4:57 PM
To: Chris Chileshe; emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Re: CE Mark

I think its fair to state that CE also equates to designed in level of
immunity to electromagnetic interference, i.e.  reduced sensitivity or
susceptibility.  In my view , a highly desireable because it prevents a lot
of what's out there from coming in and conversely a lot of what's inside
from coming out.

It's a compromise but better than nothing.

Ralph cameron
EMC Consulting and Suppression of Consumer Electronics
(after sale)

 snip 

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RE: CE Mark

2001-09-13 Thread Chris Chileshe


This understanding (appended e-mail below) is correct AFAIK. I also checked
out the website http://www.conformance.co.uk and they seem to agree with
the notion it doesn't really mean anything *any more*. Here is an excerpt 
from
their site ..

..

We quite often get asked what the 'CE' in the CE logo stands for.

If anything it probably stands for Communitee Europeen being the French way 
of saying European Community. It could also represent Conformite Europeen. 
However, it is far from certain that whoever invented the mark (some 
bureaucrat in Brussels) had anything particular in mind other than to 
create a logo which would be universally recognised in the European Union, 
and given all the national prejudices about language in the different 
countries of the EU, even if the original inventor had something specific 
in mind, it was probably conveniently forgotten by the time it became 
'official'. So, officially, it's just a logo and has no linguistic meaning. 

...

Best regards

- Chris

-Original Message-
From:   wmccaffe...@npeurope.com [SMTP:wmccaffe...@npeurope.com]
Sent:   Tuesday, September 11, 2001 2:44 PM
To: Jody Leber
Cc: 'emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org'
Subject:Re: CE Mark



Hi Jody

According to sources within the European Commission the letters CE now have 
no
meaning.  Communitie European seems to have been assumed from the inception 
of
the directives but now CE means CE.

Slaint 

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RE: ENV 50121-5

2001-09-07 Thread Chris Chileshe

Chris Maxwell writes... 

 However; I have been burned by buying standards that sounded like 
 they would apply; but really don't.

Just had a dose of that myself last week!!

I agree that the scope should be in the public domain so we can
verify relevance before committing to purchase. I for one really 
wouldn't mind spending a whole day (week even!)  reading the 
various scopes if I know that the decisions I will make about 
which standards to purchase, will be correct. As things stand at the
moment, I spend that week waiting for the wrong standard to arrive in
the post! I have at times resorted to a trip to the local public library
to check on the scope but even that has taken a whole day because 
I keep *asking* for the wrong standards based on what I thought would
be the applicable standard. 

Finding the right standard really should be a lot more straightforward.

Is there anything we can do about this?
 
- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd
- http://www.ultronics.com

-Original Message-
From:   Chris Maxwell [SMTP:chris.maxw...@nettest.com]
Sent:   Thursday, September 06, 2001 9:31 PM
To: John Woodgate; emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:RE: ENV 50121-5


Hi John,

I agree with your view; which I understand to be.

1.  Nobody can paraphrase an entire standard in a email without huge
chances for error... and
2.  A company should buy the standard if they plan on using it.

This reminds me of a thorn in my side which I hope will get the
attention of those that deal in standards.  I know I have a reputation
for being stumpish, so I'll keep it short.  

 The thorn is...  I believe that the at least the scope statement of any
standard should be public information that can be accessed as part of
the regulatory body websites (whether it's CENELEC, ACA whoever).
There should also be no fear of people being whacked for copywrite
violations because they share the scope statement from a standard.
Sometimes, the title just isn't descriptive enough.

We do purchase standards that we know will apply to our products.
However; I have been burned by buying standards that sounded like they
would apply; but really don't.

I assume that a few others have had similar experiences; and that's why
we see so many questions in the EMC-PSTC regarding standards
applicability.  Some companies do care about the cost of that $75
standard.

(definitely not the opinions of my employer...)

Chris Maxwell | Design Engineer - Optical Division
email chris.maxw...@nettest.com | dir +1 315 266 5128 | fax +1 315 797
8024

NetTest | 6 Rhoads Drive, Utica, NY 13502 | USA
web www.nettest.com | tel +1 315 797 4449 | 




 -Original Message-
 From: John Woodgate [SMTP:j...@jmwa.demon.co.uk]
 Sent: Thursday, September 06, 2001 10:56 AM
 To:   emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
 Subject:  Re: ENV 50121-5
 
 
 I read in !emc-pstc that Biggs, Daniel (IndSys, GEFanuc, NA)
 daniel.bi...@gefanuc.com wrote (in
 A9713061F01AD411B0F700D0B746CA6801
 550...@vacho6misge.cho.ge.com) about 'ENV 50121-5', on Thu, 6 Sep
 2001:
 I am looking for a short description of ENV 50121-5.
   What does it cover?
 
 Railway applications. Electromagnetic compatibility. Fixed
 installations.
 
 What tests does it specify?  What limits does it specify for tests?
 
 What you are effectively asking for is the whole text of the standard.
 Not sensible, not possible. Pay your USD75 or so for it.
 -- 
 Regards, John Woodgate, OOO - Own Opinions Only.
 http://www.jmwa.demon.co.uk 
 Eat mink and be dreary!
 
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CE marking 'e' mark products

2001-09-03 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hello Group,

Most of my designs have been engineered for the 'e' mark i.e.
vehicle automotive EMC.  This means the front end is ISO 7637
(transients) compliant. 

I now have a requirement to extend the operating environment to 
any 12-30V DC power supply running off mains, in a bid to CE mark
the product.

I believe I need to perform ESD and RF emissions and immunity, but
what about the Fast Transients and Surge tests? Is my product 
exempt because it does not actually connect to the mains supply, and
if so, is there a requirement I can place on the user's power supply 
(apart from the usual tolerances) that in someway guarantees that any
EFTs and Surge voltages are dealt with satisfactorily i.e. not coupled
through?  

Would appreciate your advice.

Best regards

- Chris Chileshe
http://www.ultronics.co.uk



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RE: ESD Testing

2001-08-16 Thread Chris Chileshe

Richard wrote ...

 Do any of you perform ESD testing at or above 15 kV to improve
 product robustness?

Yes. ISO TR 10605/SAE J1113. 25kV air discharge, 8kV contact

  What type of user environment

Automotive

  What types of products
  What is the rational for testing above 15 kV

Points accessible from *outside* the vehicle e.g. steering wheels.

  What test equipment is used above 15 kV

Schaffner NSG432, EM TEST ESD-30C

  What test procedure is used above 15kV

I've only tested upto 25kV. Same as for 15kV.  Air discharges
to body of product, to plane in vicinity of product and to wiring 
loom.

  What is the pass/fail criteria above 15 kV

We use the same as for 15kV. We aim for ISO Class A (no malfunction) 
for devices accessible during operation. We opt for Class A @ 15kV, 
Class B @ 15kV for devices not normally accessible in operation but 
could become accessible during maintenance.  

Hope this helps.

Best regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd
- http://www.ultronics.co.uk


-Original Message-
From:   wo...@sensormatic.com [SMTP:wo...@sensormatic.com]
Sent:   Tuesday, August 14, 2001 2:56 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:ESD Testing


Do any of you perform ESD testing at or above 15 kV to improve product
robustness? I have the following questions.

o   What types of products
o   What type of user environment
o   What is the rational for testing above 15 kV
o   What test equipment is used above 15 kV
o   What test procedure is used above 15kV
o   What is the pass/fail criteria above 15 kV

Thanks, Richard Woods

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RE: TV nostalgia

2001-08-07 Thread Chris Chileshe

Kyle writes ..

 Doug has touched on what I think would be a great tool for the
 EMI hunter...but rather than a 'sniffer', a 'goggle' similar
 to what Geordi wears that facilitates the direct viewing of EM radiation.
 
 Ideally, the device would allow adjustable band 'viewing' of the radiation
 frequency, intensity, polarity and propagation pattern(s).

Ah! I believe one exists! For PCB's anyway. 

I did not believe it when I read about in an EMC magazine (Compliance journal
I think), so I asked for a demo last month and true to his word, the man came 
in and showed me their new invention: the 'EMC Scanner'. I had him scan one
of my PCB's and indeed it picked up all the frequencies I had picked up at the
test house, but in addition, gave me a graphical picture where exactly (down
to the IC!) the emissions were coming from!

Check out http://www.etsi.co.uk

Best regards

- Chris

-Original Message-
From:   Ehler, Kyle [SMTP:keh...@lsil.com]
Sent:   Monday, August 06, 2001 2:08 PM
To: 'Doug McKean'; EMC-PSTC Discussion Group
Subject:RE: TV nostalgia

Doug has touched on what I think would be a great tool for the
EMI hunter...but rather than a 'sniffer', a 'goggle' similar
to what Geordi wears that facilitates the direct viewing of EM radiation.

Ideally, the device would allow adjustable band 'viewing' of the radiation
frequency, intensity, polarity and propagation pattern(s).

A rig like this could add a pc for compliance recognition/cataloging 
and perhaps someday eliminate the need for OATS, TEM cells and other
investigatinve methods.  The system could also harass on a per sample
basis in situ mfg. product.

-kyle, KC0IQE


-Original Message-
From: Doug McKean [mailto:dmck...@corp.auspex.com]
Sent: Friday, August 03, 2001 8:40 PM
To: EMC-PSTC Discussion Group
Subject: Re: TV nostalgia

snip

Now, if we could just train ourselves to sniff out some of
those pesky EMI problems ...

- Doug McKean


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RE: Clock Dithering - some more information

2001-06-28 Thread Chris Chileshe


I found the report Jack refers to on the website, and I think it is well
worth reading.  

Regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd


-Original Message-
From:   Jacob Schanker [SMTP:j.schan...@worldnet.att.net]
Sent:   Thursday, June 21, 2001 8:39 PM
To: emc-p...@ieee.org
Subject:Clock Dithering - some more information


I followed the recent discussion threads on this topic, but it is not in my
main stream of interest. However, I just remembered an extensive report I
had seen on the subject.

The report is Investigation into possible effects resulting from dithered
clock oscillators on EMC measurements and interference to radio transmission
systems By David Lauder and James Moritz of the Univ. of Hertfordshire
Regional Electronics Centre, dated 18 March 2000. It was prepared for the UK
Radiocommunications Agency.

Although I am looking at a paper copy, I am pretty sure that I originally
downloaded it from the UK RA website, http://www.radio.gov.uk

The report expresses concern about the effects of DCOs on digital TV and
COFDM transmissions.

Regards,

Jack

Jacob Z. Schanker, P.E.
65 Crandon Way
Rochester, NY 14618
Phone: 716 442 3909
Fax: 716 442 2182
j.schan...@ieee.org


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Automotive transients ISO 7637 Part 3

2001-06-21 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi group,

I was browsing the ISO website and discovered a part 3 to ISO 7637.
Does anyone know if there are new automotive test pulses not already
covered by part 1 (12V vehicles) and part 2 (24V vehicles)?

The brief on part 3 seems to address vehicles powered from 12 and/or 24V
sources.

Regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd


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ISO TR 10605 test setup (ESD)

2001-06-19 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi group

For those of you unfamiliar with ISO TR 10605, it is the ESD 
test standard for automotive electronics (8kV contact, 25kV
air).

I am trying to perform quick ESD tests on a product which has
bottom entry proprietary cable. Picture if you an upside-down 
bottle of coke with push buttons at the top and cable entry at
the bottom end.

The cable itself is screened multicore with a molded end connector
so there is a minimum length it must protrude from the product before
it even thinks about bending. This is about an inch and a half 
(about 40mm).

According to ISO TR 10605, if insulation is required under the
EUT, the insulation must support the EUT some 25mm above
the ground plane.

Question 1: Does this insulation have to be 25mm thick or can 
I make a table like structure with thinner insulating sheet and 
supporting pillars at the corners?

Question 2: Would a more 'compliant' test set-up have the bottle
of coke lying on its side rather than standing vertically as it would
in practice?

The setup for the ESD test shows a ground strap connect the plane
to a grounding rod. We had a specialised ESD test area where I worked 
before but we took everything for granted and didn't really bother finding
out where or how the ground connection was made!

Question 3: Can I connect the ground strap via say a UK 3-pin plug 
(with live and neutral prongs removed) into a mains socket or is this
asking for trouble (RCD's etc).

Grateful for any advice

Regards

- Chris Chileshe


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RE: Typing Shortcuts - the directive

2001-06-15 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi group,

Sorry I haven't been able to reply to your e-mails following release
of the directive. An organisation called the RSPCT (Royal Society for
Prevention of Confusion to Teenagers) was immediately formed here
in the UK and I gather I will need to appear before a tribunal.

Now enough with the frivolity before you get me in more trouble. 
I believe we were discussing radiated emissions setups and the 
use of mercury in test equipment?

TTYL

- Chris

-Original Message-
From:   pgodf...@icomply.com [SMTP:pgodf...@icomply.com]
Sent:   Thursday, June 14, 2001 5:05 PM
To: chris.chile...@ultronics.co.uk; emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:RE: Typing Shortcuts - the directive

  File: ATT1.txt; charset = windows-1252  

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Typing Shortcuts - the directive

2001-06-14 Thread Chris Chileshe


I guess we better start with the directive. Sigh! Here goes ...

__

Having regard to the existence of the net acronyms and typing shortcuts,
and in particular, the emc-pstc DL thereof,

In cooperation with subscribers, clearly frequent visitors to chat rooms, 
moonlighting as safety and compliance personnel

Having some regard to the opinion of the professional, student and teenage
communities, and in particular, organisations of a nerdistic persuasion, 

Whereas it is necessary to adopt measures with the aim of progressively 
establishing the global market over a period expiring at the second coming
of Christ

Whereas the global market, comprises an area without internal frontiers in 
which free exchange of acronyms is ensured over the net and text-ready
mobile communications devices

Whereas member states are responsible for providing adequate translation
for communication by acronyms where message meanings may be degraded
by exposure to the unfamiliar and therefore pose a communication hazard

Whereas member states are also responsible for providing adequate 
protection for acrommunications receivers in the form of uninitiated
recipients; the immunity levels may vary between member states.

Whereas Global Council Directive 2001/EMC-PSTC/GC of June 14th
on the initial stage of the recognition of type-approval for the acronyms
used in public covers in particular, the confusion (emissions) caused
by uncertified acronyms when used in normal communication

Whereas it is still necessary to provide adequate translation for acronyms
ideally in methods precluding the use of other acronyms, for protection of 
message recipients against effects such as dyslexia on the parts of  the
sender and receiver or both

Whereas in some member states, mandatory provisions define in particular 
the permissible acronyms and length thereof, that may be used in any one
exchange and the character set must be agreed and harmonised

Whereas no member state shall authorise the use of the acronyms AFAIK
and CMIIW (see below) pursuant to a goal to preclude words starting with 
phonetically silent letters; excepting that such an acronym confuses a 
teenager, in which case its use is legal. 

Whereas member states shall encourage the use of special acronyms 
exclusive to their respective criminal fraternity to enable their ease of 
capture by security forces monitoring mother's day cards. To this end, 
the acronym YTTM? shall invariably translate to 'You talking to me?'  and 
shall be dispensed with a distinctively Robert De Niro accent.

Whereas the national provisions ensuring such protection of recipients must 
be harmonised in order to guarantee the free movement of acronyms without
lowering existing and justified levels of coherence, tone and morals. For the
purpose of this directive, the Jerry Springer show in participating member 
states
is exempt.

Whereas Global Community Legislation as it stands at present provides that,
notwithstanding one of the fundamental rules of the community, namely, 
free movement of information, classified or otherwise, barriers to 
intra-community exchange resulting from disparities in national servers on the
filtering of messages have to be accepted in so far as those provisions may 
be recognised as necessary to satisfy essential requirements of the member
nation's religious, social or political ethics e.g. acronyms which inadvertently
or otherwise translate to vulgarity or cause offence in member states. 

Whereas the Global Council recognises the existence of member states
whose alphabets are not traditionally western, the practicality of using 
these 'Class I' alphabets for acronyms in environments other than those 
exclusively employing the alphabet for regular communication, is limited
and therefore not covered by the scope of this directive. 

Whereas member states shall discourage the use of net acronyms when
exchanging information with Class I recipients; excepting that the acronym
is in hieroglyphics, in which case a Nobel prize is due.

Whereas member states shall discourage the use of net acronyms in 
environments where they impair the effective transfer of information, namely
in verbal communication. Notwithstanding, Manhattan shall be deemed 
exempt from this requirement and acronyms may be used in free speech.

Whereas it is nevertheless possible that acronyms may cause offence,
whereas provision should therefore be made for a procedure to reduce this hazard

Whereas member states shall advise users on the need for caution in using
the acronym 'CUL' as 'Cul de sac' may lead to charges of sexual harassment.

Whereas declaration of conformity will require certification by a competent
body (See note 3 )

Whereas NC (Net compliant) declaration of conformity concerning the 
acronym constitutes presumption of its conformity with this directive

Notes

For the purpose of this directive

1 - Acronym means net acronyms. Acronyms and abbreviations 

RE: Supply i/p o/p filtering

2001-06-12 Thread Chris Chileshe


I would be grateful if any private replies to this e-mail would be copied 
to me as well.

Sounds a lot like a DC to DC converter I will be looking at in a couple
of months. 

Best regards

Chris Chileshe
Ultronics ltd.

mailto:chris.chile...@ultronics.co.uk


-Original Message-
From:   andrew.p.pr...@baesystems.com [SMTP:andrew.p.pr...@baesystems.com]
Sent:   Tuesday, June 12, 2001 11:06 AM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Supply i/p  o/p filtering


Hi there,

Has anybody got any circuits for input and output filtering of dc to dc
switch mode supplies, looking to filter a supply with a clock rate of
300kHz, that is a switching a 28Vdc square wave into a transformer. Ouput
supplies and 0V taken from transformer tapings.

Note: at present 0V not referenced to ground on output.

Input has a cm choke and X cap


Regards
Andy



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RE: EMC Wall Charts

2001-05-25 Thread Chris Chileshe


Just before Derek gets flamed, can I just mention that
I got a set of these free from Schaffner earlier this year (paper 
versions) and would heartily recommend them for any office, lab or 
test house that is remotely EMC related. The information is quite 
invaluable and if you don't like them, you can use them to cover 
up sections of the wall disfigured by electrolyte from exploding 
capacitors during surge testing.
  
Best regards

- Chris Chileshe


-Original Message-
From:   lfresea...@aol.com [SMTP:lfresea...@aol.com]
Sent:   Friday, May 25, 2001 12:35 PM
To: emc-p...@ieee.org
Subject:EMC Wall Charts


Hi all,

I think this is OK, tell me if not!

Schaffner has put out a series of colour wall charts. There are 4 covering 
emissions, immunity and automotive test requirements. There are Adobe Acrobat 
versions, or there are 0.7m by 1m paper versions.

The Adobe Acrobat version can be downloaded from the website. Go to 
www.schaffner.com, then move your mouse over the EMC information button, a 
drop down list will include the wall charts as an option.

Paper copies need to obtained ( for Free! ) from your local rep

I hope notification these charts are available is an acceptable use of the 
list.

Derek Walton
L F Research/Schaffner

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CPU clock emissions

2001-03-02 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi group,

It's Friday and thinking hurts the head on a  Friday, so I'll take the easier
option and just ask.

I have just returned from emissions testing on a new product. The product 
uses a DSP which runs off an 8Mhz oscillator and internally 'ups' this to
40Mhz. It also has a CLOCK_OUT pin which is currently floating. I have 
'beyond the limit' emissions at 40Mhz and higher harmonics of this frequency.

Has anyone got any good simple, cost effective ideas how to suppress these 
emissions which are apparent in both radiated and conducted emissions? 

Would appreciate your personal experiences on suppressing these 
narrowband emissions are welcome.

Regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd




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RE: Final EMC Testing In-House

2001-02-23 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi Joe,

Not sure I've understood your question correctly. Are you asking

1) If there are further tests that need to be added to your list to complete
   the EMC requirements (excluding of course radiated emissions and immunity)
   or

2) What extra equipment you need to perform the tests you have
already listed.

If 1), then I believe you have covered all the tests, assuming supply frequency
variations are captured in Voltage fluctuations.

If 2), then following the standard should highlight the need for appropriate
ground planes, grounding connections, correct cable lengths and types of 
insulation where appropriate.

It might be an idea to establish clearly what your line impedance is when
you do the harmonic measurements.

Regards

- Chris


-Original Message-
From:   marti...@appliedbiosystems.com [SMTP:marti...@appliedbiosystems.com]
Sent:   Thursday, February 22, 2001 5:24 PM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:Final EMC Testing In-House


Group,

We are planning to perform final EMC testing in-house for the following
tests per EN 61326:

EN 61000-4-2 ESD
EN 61000-4-4 Line Transients
EN 61000-4-5 Surge
EN 61000-4-6 Conducted Immunity
EN 61000-4-11   Voltage Interruptions
EN 61000-3-2 Harmonics
EN 61000-3-3 Voltage Fluctuations

With the exception of purchasing test equipment that meets the standards,
what else is required for us to perform final testing?  Please note that we
are not planning to perform Radiated Emissions and Radiated Immunity
testing.

Your help is appreciated

Joe Martin
Applied Biosystems





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RE: Shielded Room

2001-02-19 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi Jim,

Try  http://www.emctest.com/

The standards will depend on what needs to be tested in the room as
the field strengths, absorber materials, types of antennae and physical
size if the EUT all have a part to play.

Regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Ltd
- Cheltenham, UK


-Original Message-
From:   Jim Bacher [SMTP:jim_bac...@mail.monarch.com]
Sent:   Thursday, February 15, 2001 3:31 PM
To: Acon Harsono; emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Cc: davehe...@mediaone.net
Subject:Re:Shielded Room


forwarding for a_hars...@telkom.net

Reply Separator
Subject:Shielded Room
Author: Acon Harsono a_hars...@telkom.net
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date:   2/15/01 6:46 PM

Hello All,

I am studying the Shielded Room for Conducted RFI testing.
Can anybody tell me the technical requirements or standards for the shielded
room ?

Thank you,


Acon Harsono
SUCOFINDO Laboratory - Indonesia
Tlp.:   +62 21 88321176 ext. 1862
Fax.:  +62 21 88321166
email: a_hars...@telkom.net


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RE: WVTA

2001-02-14 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi guys,

http://www.vca.gov.uk

might be a good start point.

Regards

- Chris



-Original Message-
From:   Jim Bacher [SMTP:jim_bac...@mail.monarch.com]
Sent:   Tuesday, February 13, 2001 5:25 PM
To: Mr. Paul Chan; emc-p...@ieee.org
Subject:Re:WVTA


forrwarding for paul_c...@hkstc.com

Reply Separator
Subject:WVTA
Author: Mr. Paul Chan paul_c...@hkstc.com
List-Post: emc-pstc@listserv.ieee.org
Date:   2/13/01 12:14 PM

Dear Group,

I have been asked about the EU 'WVTA' Whole Vehicle Type Approval.  Have you got
any information about this approval, such as web-site.  Thanks

Paul Chan
HKSTC

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Is Tetra safe?

2001-02-06 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi all,

I read Hjalmar Arnason's posting on safety markings in Iceland
and noticed the Tetra number in the signature. I gather that
the US has decided against the use of Tetra. It is just slowly
being phased in by Dolphin Telecommunications here in the UK
and is on trial by a number of the emergency services.

There was an article on Tetra on British television only yesterday
(06-Feb-2001, Channel 4 news, http://www.channel4.com/news) 
suggesting there were potential hazards with the system.

Anyone out there with definitive knowledge on the effect of the 
Tetra pulsed radio frequency on the brain (calcium cell migration 
leading to changes in behaviour, personality, memory etc) and
is there a standard being devised for compliance.

Regards

- Chris Chileshe
- Ultronics Limited
- Cheltenham, UK


-Original Message-
From:   Hjalmar Arnason [SMTP:hjal...@tetra.is]
Sent:   Tuesday, February 06, 2001 8:47 AM
To: emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject:RE: Iceland



Hi all

I had already given my comment to Mr. Woods since his was the
original question but as far as I can tell we accept markings
in English, Danish, Swedish and Norwegian.  I have not seen
any safety markings in Icelandic on equipment, except on those
manufact. here.

Those who can read/write English and Icelandic have little
problem reading the other language's.

For further info try:

http://www.pta.is/

http://www.ls.is/english/english.html

http://www.stjr.is/ivr/

wbr-Hjalmar.

STIKLA ehf
Hjalmar Arnason
Manager Technical Operations
Hlidasmara 11
201 Kopavogi
Iceland
hjal...@tetra.is
gsm.  +354 8626265
nmt.  +354 8526265
tetra.+354 6386265
ph.   +354 5455703
fax.  +354 5455709
http://www.tetra.is/



-Original Message-
From: owner-emc-p...@ieee.org [mailto:owner-emc-p...@ieee.org]On Behalf
Of Gary McInturff
Sent: 5. februar 2001 16:11
To: 'am...@westin.org'; wo...@sensormatic.com;
emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject: RE: Iceland



UL60950 in 1.7.12 Allows the following.
Instructions and equipment marking related to safety shall be in a
language which is acceptable in the country in which the equipment is
installed.
Note 1 - Documentation intended for use only by Service personnel is
permitted in the English language only.
Note 2 - Germany, safety related information also for service
personnel has to be in the German language.
So if Iceland accepts the harmonized standards they should accept just those
two. I didn't say I recommend it, but space becomes an issue after awhile.

As a minimum I put the stuff in English, French, and German, then as
marketing identifies new countries and translate the manual further they end
up adding additional translations for the safety markings as well.

Someone earlier asked about finding translators. Generally, speaking you can
find them at nearby universities. They along with some of the professional
translations services sometimes have problems translating technical
documents, I assume because of the acronyms and industry-centric vocabulary.
Gary

-Original Message-
From: am...@westin.org [mailto:am...@westin.org]
Sent: Monday, February 05, 2001 1:02 AM
To: wo...@sensormatic.com; emc-p...@majordomo.ieee.org
Subject: Re: Iceland



Richard,


Is the official language in Iceland Icelandic? Yes

Being a member of the EFTA,I understand that they adopt the EU Declarations
and
harmonized standards. Yes they do.

In cases where a directive or harmonized standard requires information to be
in the national language, is Icelandic the only acceptable language? I am
not
sure.

I previously understood that Norwegian was accepted, but now I am not sure.
Norway and Iceland had common language way back in time (some hundreds
years
ago). Today Norwegian and Icelandic languages are quite different, and I
am
quite sure that they do not use/accept/understand Norwegian language up
north
in Iceland.

Amund Westin
Oslo, Norway




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RE: UL standards for Automotive ESAs

2001-02-05 Thread Chris Chileshe


Thank you for the welcome and thank you to everyone who 
replied to my query on the subject.

Perhaps I should have mentioned that I have spent long hours 
in the past browsing the UL and associated websites for any 
such standard and have not had much success.

Patty Knudsen replied and wrote she believed there was
no UL standard for automotive ESA safety and I am inclined
to believe that is the case, unless anyone else out there 
knows better.   

I have been directed to the SAE website and must say it looks quite 
promising. The URL is http://www.sae.org/servlets/index

I thought I'd send an update to the list in case there was anyone
else interested in the subject or would beg to differ.

Best regards

- Chris




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UL standards for Automotive ESAs

2001-02-02 Thread Chris Chileshe

Hi all,

New subscriber here.

I have recently moved from designing variable speed drives
to automotive electronics and hence aiming for the 'e' as
opposed to the CE mark. As part of our drives release 
procedure, we were required to meet UL standards and 
used to test to UL 508C.

I have clearly established the other standards I need to be
designing to such as ISO-7637, ISO 10605, ISO-11452,
CISPR-25, CISPR-12 and CISPR-16, but I have been rather 
hard pushed to find a UL equivalent for automotive electronics
i.e. is there a UL safety standard for vehicle Electronic 
Sub-assemblies (ESA), the likes of engine management units
etc?

Would appreciate some advice.

Regards

Chris Chileshe
Ultronics Ltd
Cheltenham, Glos.
UK




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